[roll third_party/pigweed] pw_cpu_exception_cortex_m: Expose LogExceptionAnalysis()

Exposes an internal part of the support backend to log the
exception analysis as an optional utility API.

The cpu_state.cc file is renamed to support.cc to reflect what
the facade/backend that the file is associated with.

The cpu_state.h is pulled out to a separate target to remove
unnecessary circular dependencies within the module.

In addition the last remaining TODOs for pwbug/296 are removed and
the Bazel build files are cleaned up a little bit.

Also updates the docs to include the configuration options.

Original-Bug: 296
Original-Reviewed-on: https://pigweed-review.googlesource.com/c/pigweed/pigweed/+/78860

https://pigweed.googlesource.com/pigweed/pigweed
third_party/pigweed Rolled-Commits: 6eafce383bcce53..49f21314ece3a23
Roller-URL: https://ci.chromium.org/b/8825020881944932177
Cq-Cl-Tag: roller-builder:pigweed-experimental-roller
Cq-Cl-Tag: roller-bid:8825020881944932177
CQ-Do-Not-Cancel-Tryjobs: true
Change-Id: Ib8b84417ea95ce79a77a30155269e8b0d592bc31
Reviewed-on: https://pigweed-review.googlesource.com/c/pigweed/experimental/+/78922
Bot-Commit: Pigweed Integration Roller <pigweed-integration-roller@pigweed.google.com.iam.gserviceaccount.com>
Commit-Queue: Pigweed Integration Roller <pigweed-integration-roller@pigweed.google.com.iam.gserviceaccount.com>
diff --git a/third_party/pigweed b/third_party/pigweed
index 6eafce3..49f2131 160000
--- a/third_party/pigweed
+++ b/third_party/pigweed
@@ -1 +1 @@
-Subproject commit 6eafce383bcce53b47fd41604562ff5a10a0b86a
+Subproject commit 49f21314ece3a2346fb5adf773ce123221e2712a