/*
 * FreeRTOS Kernel V10.3.0
 * Copyright (C) 2020 Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates.  All Rights Reserved.
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
 * this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in
 * the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
 * use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of
 * the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
 * subject to the following conditions:
 *
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
 * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS
 * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR
 * COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER
 * IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN
 * CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
 *
 * http://www.FreeRTOS.org
 * http://aws.amazon.com/freertos
 *
 * 1 tab == 4 spaces!
 */

/*
 * Creates two sets of two tasks.  The tasks within a set share a variable, access
 * to which is guarded by a semaphore.
 *
 * Each task starts by attempting to obtain the semaphore.  On obtaining a
 * semaphore a task checks to ensure that the guarded variable has an expected
 * value.  It then clears the variable to zero before counting it back up to the
 * expected value in increments of 1.  After each increment the variable is checked
 * to ensure it contains the value to which it was just set. When the starting
 * value is again reached the task releases the semaphore giving the other task in
 * the set a chance to do exactly the same thing.  The starting value is high
 * enough to ensure that a tick is likely to occur during the incrementing loop.
 *
 * An error is flagged if at any time during the process a shared variable is
 * found to have a value other than that expected.  Such an occurrence would
 * suggest an error in the mutual exclusion mechanism by which access to the
 * variable is restricted.
 *
 * The first set of two tasks poll their semaphore.  The second set use blocking
 * calls.
 *
 */


#include <stdlib.h>

/* Scheduler include files. */
#include "FreeRTOS.h"
#include "task.h"
#include "semphr.h"

/* Demo app include files. */
#include "semtest.h"

/* The value to which the shared variables are counted. */
#define semtstBLOCKING_EXPECTED_VALUE		( ( uint32_t ) 0xfff )
#define semtstNON_BLOCKING_EXPECTED_VALUE	( ( uint32_t ) 0xff  )

#define semtstSTACK_SIZE			configMINIMAL_STACK_SIZE

#define semtstNUM_TASKS				( 4 )

#define semtstDELAY_FACTOR			( ( TickType_t ) 10 )

/* The task function as described at the top of the file. */
static portTASK_FUNCTION_PROTO( prvSemaphoreTest, pvParameters );

/* Structure used to pass parameters to each task. */
typedef struct SEMAPHORE_PARAMETERS
{
	SemaphoreHandle_t xSemaphore;
	volatile uint32_t *pulSharedVariable;
	TickType_t xBlockTime;
} xSemaphoreParameters;

/* Variables used to check that all the tasks are still running without errors. */
static volatile short sCheckVariables[ semtstNUM_TASKS ] = { 0 };
static volatile short sNextCheckVariable = 0;

/*-----------------------------------------------------------*/

void vStartSemaphoreTasks( UBaseType_t uxPriority )
{
xSemaphoreParameters *pxFirstSemaphoreParameters, *pxSecondSemaphoreParameters;
const TickType_t xBlockTime = ( TickType_t ) 100;

	/* Create the structure used to pass parameters to the first two tasks. */
	pxFirstSemaphoreParameters = ( xSemaphoreParameters * ) pvPortMalloc( sizeof( xSemaphoreParameters ) );

	if( pxFirstSemaphoreParameters != NULL )
	{
		/* Create the semaphore used by the first two tasks. */
		pxFirstSemaphoreParameters->xSemaphore = xSemaphoreCreateBinary();

		if( pxFirstSemaphoreParameters->xSemaphore != NULL )
		{
			xSemaphoreGive( pxFirstSemaphoreParameters->xSemaphore );

			/* Create the variable which is to be shared by the first two tasks. */
			pxFirstSemaphoreParameters->pulSharedVariable = ( uint32_t * ) pvPortMalloc( sizeof( uint32_t ) );

			/* Initialise the share variable to the value the tasks expect. */
			*( pxFirstSemaphoreParameters->pulSharedVariable ) = semtstNON_BLOCKING_EXPECTED_VALUE;

			/* The first two tasks do not block on semaphore calls. */
			pxFirstSemaphoreParameters->xBlockTime = ( TickType_t ) 0;

			/* Spawn the first two tasks.  As they poll they operate at the idle priority. */
			xTaskCreate( prvSemaphoreTest, "PolSEM1", semtstSTACK_SIZE, ( void * ) pxFirstSemaphoreParameters, tskIDLE_PRIORITY, ( TaskHandle_t * ) NULL );
			xTaskCreate( prvSemaphoreTest, "PolSEM2", semtstSTACK_SIZE, ( void * ) pxFirstSemaphoreParameters, tskIDLE_PRIORITY, ( TaskHandle_t * ) NULL );

			/* vQueueAddToRegistry() adds the semaphore to the registry, if one
			is in use.  The registry is provided as a means for kernel aware
			debuggers to locate semaphores and has no purpose if a kernel aware
			debugger is not being used.  The call to vQueueAddToRegistry() will
			be removed by the pre-processor if configQUEUE_REGISTRY_SIZE is not
			defined or is defined to be less than 1. */
			vQueueAddToRegistry( ( QueueHandle_t ) pxFirstSemaphoreParameters->xSemaphore, "Counting_Sem_1" );
		}
	}

	/* Do exactly the same to create the second set of tasks, only this time
	provide a block time for the semaphore calls. */
	pxSecondSemaphoreParameters = ( xSemaphoreParameters * ) pvPortMalloc( sizeof( xSemaphoreParameters ) );
	if( pxSecondSemaphoreParameters != NULL )
	{
		pxSecondSemaphoreParameters->xSemaphore = xSemaphoreCreateBinary();

		if( pxSecondSemaphoreParameters->xSemaphore != NULL )
		{
			xSemaphoreGive( pxSecondSemaphoreParameters->xSemaphore );

			pxSecondSemaphoreParameters->pulSharedVariable = ( uint32_t * ) pvPortMalloc( sizeof( uint32_t ) );
			*( pxSecondSemaphoreParameters->pulSharedVariable ) = semtstBLOCKING_EXPECTED_VALUE;
			pxSecondSemaphoreParameters->xBlockTime = xBlockTime / portTICK_PERIOD_MS;

			xTaskCreate( prvSemaphoreTest, "BlkSEM1", semtstSTACK_SIZE, ( void * ) pxSecondSemaphoreParameters, uxPriority, ( TaskHandle_t * ) NULL );
			xTaskCreate( prvSemaphoreTest, "BlkSEM2", semtstSTACK_SIZE, ( void * ) pxSecondSemaphoreParameters, uxPriority, ( TaskHandle_t * ) NULL );

			/* vQueueAddToRegistry() adds the semaphore to the registry, if one
			is in use.  The registry is provided as a means for kernel aware
			debuggers to locate semaphores and has no purpose if a kernel aware
			debugger is not being used.  The call to vQueueAddToRegistry() will
			be removed by the pre-processor if configQUEUE_REGISTRY_SIZE is not
			defined or is defined to be less than 1. */
			vQueueAddToRegistry( ( QueueHandle_t ) pxSecondSemaphoreParameters->xSemaphore, "Counting_Sem_2" );
		}
	}
}
/*-----------------------------------------------------------*/

static portTASK_FUNCTION( prvSemaphoreTest, pvParameters )
{
xSemaphoreParameters *pxParameters;
volatile uint32_t *pulSharedVariable, ulExpectedValue;
uint32_t ulCounter;
short sError = pdFALSE, sCheckVariableToUse;

	/* See which check variable to use.  sNextCheckVariable is not semaphore
	protected! */
	portENTER_CRITICAL();
		sCheckVariableToUse = sNextCheckVariable;
		sNextCheckVariable++;
	portEXIT_CRITICAL();

	/* A structure is passed in as the parameter.  This contains the shared
	variable being guarded. */
	pxParameters = ( xSemaphoreParameters * ) pvParameters;
	pulSharedVariable = pxParameters->pulSharedVariable;

	/* If we are blocking we use a much higher count to ensure loads of context
	switches occur during the count. */
	if( pxParameters->xBlockTime > ( TickType_t ) 0 )
	{
		ulExpectedValue = semtstBLOCKING_EXPECTED_VALUE;
	}
	else
	{
		ulExpectedValue = semtstNON_BLOCKING_EXPECTED_VALUE;
	}

	for( ;; )
	{
		/* Try to obtain the semaphore. */
		if( xSemaphoreTake( pxParameters->xSemaphore, pxParameters->xBlockTime ) == pdPASS )
		{
			/* We have the semaphore and so expect any other tasks using the
			shared variable to have left it in the state we expect to find
			it. */
			if( *pulSharedVariable != ulExpectedValue )
			{
				sError = pdTRUE;
			}

			/* Clear the variable, then count it back up to the expected value
			before releasing the semaphore.  Would expect a context switch or
			two during this time. */
			for( ulCounter = ( uint32_t ) 0; ulCounter <= ulExpectedValue; ulCounter++ )
			{
				*pulSharedVariable = ulCounter;
				if( *pulSharedVariable != ulCounter )
				{
					sError = pdTRUE;
				}
			}

			/* Release the semaphore, and if no errors have occurred increment the check
			variable. */
			if(	xSemaphoreGive( pxParameters->xSemaphore ) == pdFALSE )
			{
				sError = pdTRUE;
			}

			if( sError == pdFALSE )
			{
				if( sCheckVariableToUse < semtstNUM_TASKS )
				{
					( sCheckVariables[ sCheckVariableToUse ] )++;
				}
			}

			/* If we have a block time then we are running at a priority higher
			than the idle priority.  This task takes a long time to complete
			a cycle	(deliberately so to test the guarding) so will be starving
			out lower priority tasks.  Block for some time to allow give lower
			priority tasks some processor time. */
			vTaskDelay( pxParameters->xBlockTime * semtstDELAY_FACTOR );
		}
		else
		{
			if( pxParameters->xBlockTime == ( TickType_t ) 0 )
			{
				/* We have not got the semaphore yet, so no point using the
				processor.  We are not blocking when attempting to obtain the
				semaphore. */
				taskYIELD();
			}
		}
	}
}
/*-----------------------------------------------------------*/

/* This is called to check that all the created tasks are still running. */
BaseType_t xAreSemaphoreTasksStillRunning( void )
{
static short sLastCheckVariables[ semtstNUM_TASKS ] = { 0 };
BaseType_t xTask, xReturn = pdTRUE;

	for( xTask = 0; xTask < semtstNUM_TASKS; xTask++ )
	{
		if( sLastCheckVariables[ xTask ] == sCheckVariables[ xTask ] )
		{
			xReturn = pdFALSE;
		}

		sLastCheckVariables[ xTask ] = sCheckVariables[ xTask ];
	}

	return xReturn;
}