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/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------
* Copyright (C) 2010-2014 ARM Limited. All rights reserved.
*
* $Date: 19. March 2015
* $Revision: V.1.4.5
*
* Project: CMSIS DSP Library
* Title: arm_correlate_q31.c
*
* Description: Correlation of Q31 sequences.
*
* Target Processor: Cortex-M4/Cortex-M3/Cortex-M0
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
* the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
* distribution.
* - Neither the name of ARM LIMITED nor the names of its contributors
* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this
* software without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
* "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
* LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
* FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
* COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
* INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
* BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
* LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
* CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN
* ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
* POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
* -------------------------------------------------------------------- */
#include "arm_math.h"
/**
* @ingroup groupFilters
*/
/**
* @addtogroup Corr
* @{
*/
/**
* @brief Correlation of Q31 sequences.
* @param[in] *pSrcA points to the first input sequence.
* @param[in] srcALen length of the first input sequence.
* @param[in] *pSrcB points to the second input sequence.
* @param[in] srcBLen length of the second input sequence.
* @param[out] *pDst points to the location where the output result is written. Length 2 * max(srcALen, srcBLen) - 1.
* @return none.
*
* @details
* <b>Scaling and Overflow Behavior:</b>
*
* \par
* The function is implemented using an internal 64-bit accumulator.
* The accumulator has a 2.62 format and maintains full precision of the intermediate multiplication results but provides only a single guard bit.
* There is no saturation on intermediate additions.
* Thus, if the accumulator overflows it wraps around and distorts the result.
* The input signals should be scaled down to avoid intermediate overflows.
* Scale down one of the inputs by 1/min(srcALen, srcBLen)to avoid overflows since a
* maximum of min(srcALen, srcBLen) number of additions is carried internally.
* The 2.62 accumulator is right shifted by 31 bits and saturated to 1.31 format to yield the final result.
*
* \par
* See <code>arm_correlate_fast_q31()</code> for a faster but less precise implementation of this function for Cortex-M3 and Cortex-M4.
*/
void arm_correlate_q31(
q31_t * pSrcA,
uint32_t srcALen,
q31_t * pSrcB,
uint32_t srcBLen,
q31_t * pDst)
{
#ifndef ARM_MATH_CM0_FAMILY
/* Run the below code for Cortex-M4 and Cortex-M3 */
q31_t *pIn1; /* inputA pointer */
q31_t *pIn2; /* inputB pointer */
q31_t *pOut = pDst; /* output pointer */
q31_t *px; /* Intermediate inputA pointer */
q31_t *py; /* Intermediate inputB pointer */
q31_t *pSrc1; /* Intermediate pointers */
q63_t sum, acc0, acc1, acc2; /* Accumulators */
q31_t x0, x1, x2, c0; /* temporary variables for holding input and coefficient values */
uint32_t j, k = 0u, count, blkCnt, outBlockSize, blockSize1, blockSize2, blockSize3; /* loop counter */
int32_t inc = 1; /* Destination address modifier */
/* The algorithm implementation is based on the lengths of the inputs. */
/* srcB is always made to slide across srcA. */
/* So srcBLen is always considered as shorter or equal to srcALen */
/* But CORR(x, y) is reverse of CORR(y, x) */
/* So, when srcBLen > srcALen, output pointer is made to point to the end of the output buffer */
/* and the destination pointer modifier, inc is set to -1 */
/* If srcALen > srcBLen, zero pad has to be done to srcB to make the two inputs of same length */
/* But to improve the performance,
* we include zeroes in the output instead of zero padding either of the the inputs*/
/* If srcALen > srcBLen,
* (srcALen - srcBLen) zeroes has to included in the starting of the output buffer */
/* If srcALen < srcBLen,
* (srcALen - srcBLen) zeroes has to included in the ending of the output buffer */
if(srcALen >= srcBLen)
{
/* Initialization of inputA pointer */
pIn1 = (pSrcA);
/* Initialization of inputB pointer */
pIn2 = (pSrcB);
/* Number of output samples is calculated */
outBlockSize = (2u * srcALen) - 1u;
/* When srcALen > srcBLen, zero padding is done to srcB
* to make their lengths equal.
* Instead, (outBlockSize - (srcALen + srcBLen - 1))
* number of output samples are made zero */
j = outBlockSize - (srcALen + (srcBLen - 1u));
/* Updating the pointer position to non zero value */
pOut += j;
}
else
{
/* Initialization of inputA pointer */
pIn1 = (pSrcB);
/* Initialization of inputB pointer */
pIn2 = (pSrcA);
/* srcBLen is always considered as shorter or equal to srcALen */
j = srcBLen;
srcBLen = srcALen;
srcALen = j;
/* CORR(x, y) = Reverse order(CORR(y, x)) */
/* Hence set the destination pointer to point to the last output sample */
pOut = pDst + ((srcALen + srcBLen) - 2u);
/* Destination address modifier is set to -1 */
inc = -1;
}
/* The function is internally
* divided into three parts according to the number of multiplications that has to be
* taken place between inputA samples and inputB samples. In the first part of the
* algorithm, the multiplications increase by one for every iteration.
* In the second part of the algorithm, srcBLen number of multiplications are done.
* In the third part of the algorithm, the multiplications decrease by one
* for every iteration.*/
/* The algorithm is implemented in three stages.
* The loop counters of each stage is initiated here. */
blockSize1 = srcBLen - 1u;
blockSize2 = srcALen - (srcBLen - 1u);
blockSize3 = blockSize1;
/* --------------------------
* Initializations of stage1
* -------------------------*/
/* sum = x[0] * y[srcBlen - 1]
* sum = x[0] * y[srcBlen - 2] + x[1] * y[srcBlen - 1]
* ....
* sum = x[0] * y[0] + x[1] * y[1] +...+ x[srcBLen - 1] * y[srcBLen - 1]
*/
/* In this stage the MAC operations are increased by 1 for every iteration.
The count variable holds the number of MAC operations performed */
count = 1u;
/* Working pointer of inputA */
px = pIn1;
/* Working pointer of inputB */
pSrc1 = pIn2 + (srcBLen - 1u);
py = pSrc1;
/* ------------------------
* Stage1 process
* ----------------------*/
/* The first stage starts here */
while(blockSize1 > 0u)
{
/* Accumulator is made zero for every iteration */
sum = 0;
/* Apply loop unrolling and compute 4 MACs simultaneously. */
k = count >> 2;
/* First part of the processing with loop unrolling. Compute 4 MACs at a time.
** a second loop below computes MACs for the remaining 1 to 3 samples. */
while(k > 0u)
{
/* x[0] * y[srcBLen - 4] */
sum += (q63_t) * px++ * (*py++);
/* x[1] * y[srcBLen - 3] */
sum += (q63_t) * px++ * (*py++);
/* x[2] * y[srcBLen - 2] */
sum += (q63_t) * px++ * (*py++);
/* x[3] * y[srcBLen - 1] */
sum += (q63_t) * px++ * (*py++);
/* Decrement the loop counter */
k--;
}
/* If the count is not a multiple of 4, compute any remaining MACs here.
** No loop unrolling is used. */
k = count % 0x4u;
while(k > 0u)
{
/* Perform the multiply-accumulates */
/* x[0] * y[srcBLen - 1] */
sum += (q63_t) * px++ * (*py++);
/* Decrement the loop counter */
k--;
}
/* Store the result in the accumulator in the destination buffer. */
*pOut = (q31_t) (sum >> 31);
/* Destination pointer is updated according to the address modifier, inc */
pOut += inc;
/* Update the inputA and inputB pointers for next MAC calculation */
py = pSrc1 - count;
px = pIn1;
/* Increment the MAC count */
count++;
/* Decrement the loop counter */
blockSize1--;
}
/* --------------------------
* Initializations of stage2
* ------------------------*/
/* sum = x[0] * y[0] + x[1] * y[1] +...+ x[srcBLen-1] * y[srcBLen-1]
* sum = x[1] * y[0] + x[2] * y[1] +...+ x[srcBLen] * y[srcBLen-1]
* ....
* sum = x[srcALen-srcBLen-2] * y[0] + x[srcALen-srcBLen-1] * y[1] +...+ x[srcALen-1] * y[srcBLen-1]
*/
/* Working pointer of inputA */
px = pIn1;
/* Working pointer of inputB */
py = pIn2;
/* count is index by which the pointer pIn1 to be incremented */
count = 0u;
/* -------------------
* Stage2 process
* ------------------*/
/* Stage2 depends on srcBLen as in this stage srcBLen number of MACS are performed.
* So, to loop unroll over blockSize2,
* srcBLen should be greater than or equal to 4 */
if(srcBLen >= 4u)
{
/* Loop unroll by 3 */
blkCnt = blockSize2 / 3;
while(blkCnt > 0u)
{
/* Set all accumulators to zero */
acc0 = 0;
acc1 = 0;
acc2 = 0;
/* read x[0], x[1] samples */
x0 = *(px++);
x1 = *(px++);
/* Apply loop unrolling and compute 3 MACs simultaneously. */
k = srcBLen / 3;
/* First part of the processing with loop unrolling. Compute 3 MACs at a time.
** a second loop below computes MACs for the remaining 1 to 2 samples. */
do
{
/* Read y[0] sample */
c0 = *(py);
/* Read x[2] sample */
x2 = *(px);
/* Perform the multiply-accumulate */
/* acc0 += x[0] * y[0] */
acc0 += ((q63_t) x0 * c0);
/* acc1 += x[1] * y[0] */
acc1 += ((q63_t) x1 * c0);
/* acc2 += x[2] * y[0] */
acc2 += ((q63_t) x2 * c0);
/* Read y[1] sample */
c0 = *(py + 1u);
/* Read x[3] sample */
x0 = *(px + 1u);
/* Perform the multiply-accumulates */
/* acc0 += x[1] * y[1] */
acc0 += ((q63_t) x1 * c0);
/* acc1 += x[2] * y[1] */
acc1 += ((q63_t) x2 * c0);
/* acc2 += x[3] * y[1] */
acc2 += ((q63_t) x0 * c0);
/* Read y[2] sample */
c0 = *(py + 2u);
/* Read x[4] sample */
x1 = *(px + 2u);
/* Perform the multiply-accumulates */
/* acc0 += x[2] * y[2] */
acc0 += ((q63_t) x2 * c0);
/* acc1 += x[3] * y[2] */
acc1 += ((q63_t) x0 * c0);
/* acc2 += x[4] * y[2] */
acc2 += ((q63_t) x1 * c0);
/* update scratch pointers */
px += 3u;
py += 3u;
} while(--k);
/* If the srcBLen is not a multiple of 3, compute any remaining MACs here.
** No loop unrolling is used. */
k = srcBLen - (3 * (srcBLen / 3));
while(k > 0u)
{
/* Read y[4] sample */
c0 = *(py++);
/* Read x[7] sample */
x2 = *(px++);
/* Perform the multiply-accumulates */
/* acc0 += x[4] * y[4] */
acc0 += ((q63_t) x0 * c0);
/* acc1 += x[5] * y[4] */
acc1 += ((q63_t) x1 * c0);
/* acc2 += x[6] * y[4] */
acc2 += ((q63_t) x2 * c0);
/* Reuse the present samples for the next MAC */
x0 = x1;
x1 = x2;
/* Decrement the loop counter */
k--;
}
/* Store the result in the accumulator in the destination buffer. */
*pOut = (q31_t) (acc0 >> 31);
/* Destination pointer is updated according to the address modifier, inc */
pOut += inc;
*pOut = (q31_t) (acc1 >> 31);
pOut += inc;
*pOut = (q31_t) (acc2 >> 31);
pOut += inc;
/* Increment the pointer pIn1 index, count by 3 */
count += 3u;
/* Update the inputA and inputB pointers for next MAC calculation */
px = pIn1 + count;
py = pIn2;
/* Decrement the loop counter */
blkCnt--;
}
/* If the blockSize2 is not a multiple of 3, compute any remaining output samples here.
** No loop unrolling is used. */
blkCnt = blockSize2 - 3 * (blockSize2 / 3);
while(blkCnt > 0u)
{
/* Accumulator is made zero for every iteration */
sum = 0;
/* Apply loop unrolling and compute 4 MACs simultaneously. */
k = srcBLen >> 2u;
/* First part of the processing with loop unrolling. Compute 4 MACs at a time.
** a second loop below computes MACs for the remaining 1 to 3 samples. */
while(k > 0u)
{
/* Perform the multiply-accumulates */
sum += (q63_t) * px++ * (*py++);
sum += (q63_t) * px++ * (*py++);
sum += (q63_t) * px++ * (*py++);
sum += (q63_t) * px++ * (*py++);
/* Decrement the loop counter */
k--;
}
/* If the srcBLen is not a multiple of 4, compute any remaining MACs here.
** No loop unrolling is used. */
k = srcBLen % 0x4u;
while(k > 0u)
{
/* Perform the multiply-accumulate */
sum += (q63_t) * px++ * (*py++);
/* Decrement the loop counter */
k--;
}
/* Store the result in the accumulator in the destination buffer. */
*pOut = (q31_t) (sum >> 31);
/* Destination pointer is updated according to the address modifier, inc */
pOut += inc;
/* Increment the MAC count */
count++;
/* Update the inputA and inputB pointers for next MAC calculation */
px = pIn1 + count;
py = pIn2;
/* Decrement the loop counter */
blkCnt--;
}
}
else
{
/* If the srcBLen is not a multiple of 4,
* the blockSize2 loop cannot be unrolled by 4 */
blkCnt = blockSize2;
while(blkCnt > 0u)
{
/* Accumulator is made zero for every iteration */
sum = 0;
/* Loop over srcBLen */
k = srcBLen;
while(k > 0u)
{
/* Perform the multiply-accumulate */
sum += (q63_t) * px++ * (*py++);
/* Decrement the loop counter */
k--;
}
/* Store the result in the accumulator in the destination buffer. */
*pOut = (q31_t) (sum >> 31);
/* Destination pointer is updated according to the address modifier, inc */
pOut += inc;
/* Increment the MAC count */
count++;
/* Update the inputA and inputB pointers for next MAC calculation */
px = pIn1 + count;
py = pIn2;
/* Decrement the loop counter */
blkCnt--;
}
}
/* --------------------------
* Initializations of stage3
* -------------------------*/
/* sum += x[srcALen-srcBLen+1] * y[0] + x[srcALen-srcBLen+2] * y[1] +...+ x[srcALen-1] * y[srcBLen-1]
* sum += x[srcALen-srcBLen+2] * y[0] + x[srcALen-srcBLen+3] * y[1] +...+ x[srcALen-1] * y[srcBLen-1]
* ....
* sum += x[srcALen-2] * y[0] + x[srcALen-1] * y[1]
* sum += x[srcALen-1] * y[0]
*/
/* In this stage the MAC operations are decreased by 1 for every iteration.
The count variable holds the number of MAC operations performed */
count = srcBLen - 1u;
/* Working pointer of inputA */
pSrc1 = pIn1 + (srcALen - (srcBLen - 1u));
px = pSrc1;
/* Working pointer of inputB */
py = pIn2;
/* -------------------
* Stage3 process
* ------------------*/
while(blockSize3 > 0u)
{
/* Accumulator is made zero for every iteration */
sum = 0;
/* Apply loop unrolling and compute 4 MACs simultaneously. */
k = count >> 2u;
/* First part of the processing with loop unrolling. Compute 4 MACs at a time.
** a second loop below computes MACs for the remaining 1 to 3 samples. */
while(k > 0u)
{
/* Perform the multiply-accumulates */
/* sum += x[srcALen - srcBLen + 4] * y[3] */
sum += (q63_t) * px++ * (*py++);
/* sum += x[srcALen - srcBLen + 3] * y[2] */
sum += (q63_t) * px++ * (*py++);
/* sum += x[srcALen - srcBLen + 2] * y[1] */
sum += (q63_t) * px++ * (*py++);
/* sum += x[srcALen - srcBLen + 1] * y[0] */
sum += (q63_t) * px++ * (*py++);
/* Decrement the loop counter */
k--;
}
/* If the count is not a multiple of 4, compute any remaining MACs here.
** No loop unrolling is used. */
k = count % 0x4u;
while(k > 0u)
{
/* Perform the multiply-accumulates */
sum += (q63_t) * px++ * (*py++);
/* Decrement the loop counter */
k--;
}
/* Store the result in the accumulator in the destination buffer. */
*pOut = (q31_t) (sum >> 31);
/* Destination pointer is updated according to the address modifier, inc */
pOut += inc;
/* Update the inputA and inputB pointers for next MAC calculation */
px = ++pSrc1;
py = pIn2;
/* Decrement the MAC count */
count--;
/* Decrement the loop counter */
blockSize3--;
}
#else
/* Run the below code for Cortex-M0 */
q31_t *pIn1 = pSrcA; /* inputA pointer */
q31_t *pIn2 = pSrcB + (srcBLen - 1u); /* inputB pointer */
q63_t sum; /* Accumulators */
uint32_t i = 0u, j; /* loop counters */
uint32_t inv = 0u; /* Reverse order flag */
uint32_t tot = 0u; /* Length */
/* The algorithm implementation is based on the lengths of the inputs. */
/* srcB is always made to slide across srcA. */
/* So srcBLen is always considered as shorter or equal to srcALen */
/* But CORR(x, y) is reverse of CORR(y, x) */
/* So, when srcBLen > srcALen, output pointer is made to point to the end of the output buffer */
/* and a varaible, inv is set to 1 */
/* If lengths are not equal then zero pad has to be done to make the two
* inputs of same length. But to improve the performance, we include zeroes
* in the output instead of zero padding either of the the inputs*/
/* If srcALen > srcBLen, (srcALen - srcBLen) zeroes has to included in the
* starting of the output buffer */
/* If srcALen < srcBLen, (srcALen - srcBLen) zeroes has to included in the
* ending of the output buffer */
/* Once the zero padding is done the remaining of the output is calcualted
* using correlation but with the shorter signal time shifted. */
/* Calculate the length of the remaining sequence */
tot = ((srcALen + srcBLen) - 2u);
if(srcALen > srcBLen)
{
/* Calculating the number of zeros to be padded to the output */
j = srcALen - srcBLen;
/* Initialise the pointer after zero padding */
pDst += j;
}
else if(srcALen < srcBLen)
{
/* Initialization to inputB pointer */
pIn1 = pSrcB;
/* Initialization to the end of inputA pointer */
pIn2 = pSrcA + (srcALen - 1u);
/* Initialisation of the pointer after zero padding */
pDst = pDst + tot;
/* Swapping the lengths */
j = srcALen;
srcALen = srcBLen;
srcBLen = j;
/* Setting the reverse flag */
inv = 1;
}
/* Loop to calculate correlation for output length number of times */
for (i = 0u; i <= tot; i++)
{
/* Initialize sum with zero to carry on MAC operations */
sum = 0;
/* Loop to perform MAC operations according to correlation equation */
for (j = 0u; j <= i; j++)
{
/* Check the array limitations */
if((((i - j) < srcBLen) && (j < srcALen)))
{
/* z[i] += x[i-j] * y[j] */
sum += ((q63_t) pIn1[j] * pIn2[-((int32_t) i - j)]);
}
}
/* Store the output in the destination buffer */
if(inv == 1)
*pDst-- = (q31_t) (sum >> 31u);
else
*pDst++ = (q31_t) (sum >> 31u);
}
#endif /* #ifndef ARM_MATH_CM0_FAMILY */
}
/**
* @} end of Corr group
*/