diff --git a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/00-bug_report.md b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/00-bug_report.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0f7e8b5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/00-bug_report.md
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+---
+name: Bug report
+about: Create a report to help us improve
+title: ''
+labels: 'bug'
+assignees: ''
+---
+
+**Describe the bug**
+
+Include a clear and concise description of what the problem is, including what
+you expected to happen, and what actually happened.
+
+**Steps to reproduce the bug**
+
+It's important that we are able to reproduce the problem that you are
+experiencing. Please provide all code and relevant steps to reproduce the
+problem, including your `BUILD`/`CMakeLists.txt` file and build commands. Links
+to a GitHub branch or [godbolt.org](https://godbolt.org/) that demonstrate the
+problem are also helpful.
+
+**Does the bug persist in the most recent commit?**
+
+We recommend using the latest commit in the master branch in your projects.
+
+**What operating system and version are you using?**
+
+If you are using a Linux distribution please include the name and version of the
+distribution as well.
+
+**What compiler and version are you using?**
+
+Please include the output of `gcc -v` or `clang -v`, or the equivalent for your
+compiler.
+
+**What build system are you using?**
+
+Please include the output of `bazel --version` or `cmake --version`, or the
+equivalent for your build system.
+
+**Additional context**
+
+Add any other context about the problem here.
diff --git a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/10-feature_request.md b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/10-feature_request.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..70a3a20
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/10-feature_request.md
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+---
+name: Feature request
+about: Propose a new feature
+title: ''
+labels: 'enhancement'
+assignees: ''
+---
+
+**Does the feature exist in the most recent commit?**
+
+We recommend using the latest commit from GitHub in your projects.
+
+**Why do we need this feature?**
+
+Ideally, explain why a combination of existing features cannot be used instead.
+
+**Describe the proposal**
+
+Include a detailed description of the feature, with usage examples.
+
+**Is the feature specific to an operating system, compiler, or build system version?**
+
+If it is, please specify which versions.
+
diff --git a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/config.yml b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/config.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3ba13e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/config.yml
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+blank_issues_enabled: false
diff --git a/.travis.yml b/.travis.yml
deleted file mode 100644
index 982e99c..0000000
--- a/.travis.yml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,61 +0,0 @@
-# Build matrix / environment variable are explained on:
-# https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/customizing-the-build/
-# This file can be validated on:
-# http://lint.travis-ci.org/
-
-language: cpp
-
-# Define the matrix explicitly, manually expanding the combinations of (os, compiler, env).
-# It is more tedious, but grants us far more flexibility.
-matrix:
-  include:
-    - os: linux
-      dist: bionic
-      compiler: gcc
-      install: ./ci/install-linux.sh && ./ci/log-config.sh
-      script: ./ci/build-linux-bazel.sh
-    - os: linux
-      dist: bionic
-      compiler: clang
-      install: ./ci/install-linux.sh && ./ci/log-config.sh
-      script: ./ci/build-linux-bazel.sh
-    - os: linux
-      dist: bionic
-      compiler: gcc
-      env: BUILD_TYPE=Debug CXX_FLAGS="-std=c++11 -Wdeprecated"
-    - os: linux
-      dist: bionic
-      compiler: clang
-      env: BUILD_TYPE=Release CXX_FLAGS="-std=c++11 -Wdeprecated" NO_EXCEPTION=ON NO_RTTI=ON COMPILER_IS_GNUCXX=ON
-    - os: osx
-      osx_image: xcode12.2
-      compiler: gcc
-      env: BUILD_TYPE=Release CC=gcc-10 CXX=g++-10 CXX_FLAGS="-std=c++11 -Wdeprecated" HOMEBREW_LOGS=~/homebrew-logs HOMEBREW_TEMP=~/homebrew-temp
-    - os: osx
-      osx_image: xcode12.2
-      compiler: clang
-      env: BUILD_TYPE=Release CXX_FLAGS="-std=c++11 -Wdeprecated" HOMEBREW_LOGS=~/homebrew-logs HOMEBREW_TEMP=~/homebrew-temp
-
-# These are the install and build (script) phases for the most common entries in the matrix.  They could be included
-# in each entry in the matrix, but that is just repetitive.
-install:
-  - ./ci/install-${TRAVIS_OS_NAME}.sh
-  - . ./ci/env-${TRAVIS_OS_NAME}.sh
-  - ./ci/log-config.sh
-
-script: ./ci/travis.sh
-
-# This section installs the necessary dependencies.
-addons:
-  apt:
-    packages:
-    - g++
-    - clang
-    update: true
-  homebrew:
-    packages:
-    - gcc@10
-    update: true
-
-notifications:
-  email: false
diff --git a/BUILD.bazel b/BUILD.bazel
index 8099642..965c518 100644
--- a/BUILD.bazel
+++ b/BUILD.bazel
@@ -40,7 +40,15 @@
 
 config_setting(
     name = "windows",
-    constraint_values = ["@bazel_tools//platforms:windows"],
+    constraint_values = ["@platforms//os:windows"],
+)
+
+config_setting(
+    name = "msvc_compiler",
+    flag_values = {
+        "@bazel_tools//tools/cpp:compiler": "msvc-cl",
+    },
+    visibility = [":__subpackages__"],
 )
 
 config_setting(
diff --git a/CMakeLists.txt b/CMakeLists.txt
index 12fd745..ea81ab1 100644
--- a/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 endif (POLICY CMP0048)
 
 project(googletest-distribution)
-set(GOOGLETEST_VERSION 1.10.0)
+set(GOOGLETEST_VERSION 1.11.0)
 
 if (CMAKE_VERSION VERSION_GREATER "3.0.2")
   if(NOT CYGWIN AND NOT MSYS AND NOT ${CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME} STREQUAL QNX)
diff --git a/CONTRIBUTING.md b/CONTRIBUTING.md
index 2f653c8..da45e44 100644
--- a/CONTRIBUTING.md
+++ b/CONTRIBUTING.md
@@ -128,15 +128,3 @@
     make test
 
 All tests should pass.
-
-### Regenerating Source Files
-
-Some of Google Test's source files are generated from templates (not in the C++
-sense) using a script. For example, the file
-*googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-generated-actions.h.pump* is used to generate
-*gmock-generated-actions.h* in the same directory.
-
-You don't need to worry about regenerating the source files unless you need to
-modify them. You would then modify the corresponding `.pump` files and run the
-'[pump.py](googlemock/scripts/pump.py)' generator script. See the
-[Pump Manual](googlemock/docs/pump_manual.md).
diff --git a/googletest/CONTRIBUTORS b/CONTRIBUTORS
similarity index 64%
rename from googletest/CONTRIBUTORS
rename to CONTRIBUTORS
index 1e4afe2..76db0b4 100644
--- a/googletest/CONTRIBUTORS
+++ b/CONTRIBUTORS
@@ -5,34 +5,59 @@
 
 Ajay Joshi <jaj@google.com>
 Balázs Dán <balazs.dan@gmail.com>
+Benoit Sigoure <tsuna@google.com>
 Bharat Mediratta <bharat@menalto.com>
+Bogdan Piloca <boo@google.com>
 Chandler Carruth <chandlerc@google.com>
 Chris Prince <cprince@google.com>
 Chris Taylor <taylorc@google.com>
 Dan Egnor <egnor@google.com>
+Dave MacLachlan <dmaclach@gmail.com>
+David Anderson <danderson@google.com>
+Dean Sturtevant
 Eric Roman <eroman@chromium.org>
+Gene Volovich <gv@cite.com>
 Hady Zalek <hady.zalek@gmail.com>
+Hal Burch <gmock@hburch.com>
 Jeffrey Yasskin <jyasskin@google.com>
+Jim Keller <jimkeller@google.com>
+Joe Walnes <joe@truemesh.com>
+Jon Wray <jwray@google.com>
 Jói Sigurðsson <joi@google.com>
 Keir Mierle <mierle@gmail.com>
 Keith Ray <keith.ray@gmail.com>
 Kenton Varda <kenton@google.com>
+Kostya Serebryany <kcc@google.com>
 Krystian Kuzniarek <krystian.kuzniarek@gmail.com>
+Lev Makhlis
 Manuel Klimek <klimek@google.com>
+Mario Tanev <radix@google.com>
+Mark Paskin
 Markus Heule <markus.heule@gmail.com>
+Matthew Simmons <simmonmt@acm.org>
 Mika Raento <mikie@iki.fi>
+Mike Bland <mbland@google.com>
 Miklós Fazekas <mfazekas@szemafor.com>
+Neal Norwitz <nnorwitz@gmail.com>
+Nermin Ozkiranartli <nermin@google.com>
+Owen Carlsen <ocarlsen@google.com>
+Paneendra Ba <paneendra@google.com>
 Pasi Valminen <pasi.valminen@gmail.com>
 Patrick Hanna <phanna@google.com>
 Patrick Riley <pfr@google.com>
+Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
 Peter Kaminski <piotrk@google.com>
+Piotr Kaminski <piotrk@google.com>
 Preston Jackson <preston.a.jackson@gmail.com>
 Rainer Klaffenboeck <rainer.klaffenboeck@dynatrace.com>
 Russ Cox <rsc@google.com>
 Russ Rufer <russ@pentad.com>
 Sean Mcafee <eefacm@gmail.com>
 Sigurður Ásgeirsson <siggi@google.com>
+Sverre Sundsdal <sundsdal@gmail.com>
+Takeshi Yoshino <tyoshino@google.com>
 Tracy Bialik <tracy@pentad.com>
 Vadim Berman <vadimb@google.com>
 Vlad Losev <vladl@google.com>
+Wolfgang Klier <wklier@google.com>
 Zhanyong Wan <wan@google.com>
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index b7f54a3..7d872a5 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -1,12 +1,19 @@
 # GoogleTest
 
-#### OSS Builds Status
-
-[![Build Status](https://api.travis-ci.org/google/googletest.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/google/googletest)
-[![Build status](https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/4o38plt0xbo1ubc8/branch/master?svg=true)](https://ci.appveyor.com/project/GoogleTestAppVeyor/googletest/branch/master)
-
 ### Announcements
 
+#### Live at Head
+
+GoogleTest now follows the
+[Abseil Live at Head philosophy](https://abseil.io/about/philosophy#upgrade-support).
+We recommend using the latest commit in the `master` branch in your projects.
+
+#### Documentation Updates
+
+Our documentation is now live on GitHub Pages at
+https://google.github.io/googletest/. We recommend browsing the documentation on
+GitHub Pages rather than directly in the repository.
+
 #### Release 1.10.x
 
 [Release 1.10.x](https://github.com/google/googletest/releases/tag/release-1.10.0)
@@ -14,10 +21,9 @@
 
 #### Coming Soon
 
-*   Post 1.10.x googletest will follow
-    [Abseil Live at Head philosophy](https://abseil.io/about/philosophy)
-*   We are also planning to take a dependency on
+*   We are planning to take a dependency on
     [Abseil](https://github.com/abseil/abseil-cpp).
+*   More documentation improvements are planned.
 
 ## Welcome to **GoogleTest**, Google's C++ test framework!
 
@@ -27,14 +33,12 @@
 
 ### Getting Started
 
-The information for **GoogleTest** is available in the
-[GoogleTest Primer](googletest/docs/primer.md) documentation.
+See the [GoogleTest User's Guide](https://google.github.io/googletest/) for
+documentation. We recommend starting with the
+[GoogleTest Primer](https://google.github.io/googletest/primer.html).
 
-**GoogleMock** is an extension to GoogleTest for writing and using C++ mock
-classes. See the separate [GoogleMock documentation](googlemock/README.md).
-
-More detailed documentation for googletest is in its interior
-[googletest/README.md](googletest/README.md) file.
+More information about building GoogleTest can be found at
+[googletest/README.md](googletest/README.md).
 
 ## Features
 
@@ -129,7 +133,8 @@
 
 ## Contributing Changes
 
-Please read [`CONTRIBUTING.md`](CONTRIBUTING.md) for details on how to
-contribute to this project.
+Please read
+[`CONTRIBUTING.md`](https://github.com/google/googletest/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md)
+for details on how to contribute to this project.
 
 Happy testing!
diff --git a/WORKSPACE b/WORKSPACE
index 1f05d21..614f557 100644
--- a/WORKSPACE
+++ b/WORKSPACE
@@ -3,28 +3,22 @@
 load("@bazel_tools//tools/build_defs/repo:http.bzl", "http_archive")
 
 http_archive(
-    name = "com_google_absl",  # 2020-10-13T16:49:13Z
-    urls = [
-        "https://github.com/abseil/abseil-cpp/archive/f3f785ab59478dd0312bf1b5df65d380650bf0dc.zip"
-    ],
-    strip_prefix = "abseil-cpp-f3f785ab59478dd0312bf1b5df65d380650bf0dc",
-    sha256 = "00c3707bf9cd5eabd1ec6932cc65b97378c043f22573be3adf7d11bb7af17d06",
+    name = "com_google_absl",
+    urls = ["https://github.com/abseil/abseil-cpp/archive/7971fb358ae376e016d2d4fc9327aad95659b25e.zip"],  # 2021-05-20T02:59:16Z
+    strip_prefix = "abseil-cpp-7971fb358ae376e016d2d4fc9327aad95659b25e",
+    sha256 = "aeba534f7307e36fe084b452299e49b97420667a8d28102cf9a0daeed340b859",
 )
 
 http_archive(
-    name = "rules_cc",  # 2020-10-05T06:01:24Z
-    urls = [
-        "https://github.com/bazelbuild/rules_cc/archive/f055da4ff0cb2b3c73de1fe2f094ebdfb8b3acb9.zip"
-    ],
-    strip_prefix = "rules_cc-f055da4ff0cb2b3c73de1fe2f094ebdfb8b3acb9",
-    sha256 = "35ea62c63cd71d4000efe85f9f4f17e8afb23896c37ee9510952db2e9d8fbb70",
+  name = "rules_cc",
+  urls = ["https://github.com/bazelbuild/rules_cc/archive/68cb652a71e7e7e2858c50593e5a9e3b94e5b9a9.zip"],  # 2021-05-14T14:51:14Z
+  strip_prefix = "rules_cc-68cb652a71e7e7e2858c50593e5a9e3b94e5b9a9",
+  sha256 = "1e19e9a3bc3d4ee91d7fcad00653485ee6c798efbbf9588d40b34cbfbded143d",
 )
 
 http_archive(
-    name = "rules_python",  # 2020-09-30T13:50:21Z
-    urls = [
-        "https://github.com/bazelbuild/rules_python/archive/c064f7008a30f307ea7516cf52358a653011f82b.zip",
-    ],
-    strip_prefix = "rules_python-c064f7008a30f307ea7516cf52358a653011f82b",
-    sha256 = "6e49996ad3cf45b2232b8f94ca1e3ead369c28394c51632be8d85fe826383012",
+  name = "rules_python",
+  urls = ["https://github.com/bazelbuild/rules_python/archive/ed6cc8f2c3692a6a7f013ff8bc185ba77eb9b4d2.zip"],  # 2021-05-17T00:24:16Z
+  strip_prefix = "rules_python-ed6cc8f2c3692a6a7f013ff8bc185ba77eb9b4d2",
+  sha256 = "98b3c592faea9636ac8444bfd9de7f3fb4c60590932d6e6ac5946e3f8dbd5ff6",
 )
diff --git a/appveyor.yml b/appveyor.yml
deleted file mode 100644
index 5c419c3..0000000
--- a/appveyor.yml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,156 +0,0 @@
-version: '{build}'
-
-os: Visual Studio 2015
-
-environment:
-  matrix:
-    - compiler: msvc-15-seh
-      generator: "Visual Studio 15 2017"
-      build_system: cmake
-      APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE: Visual Studio 2017
-      enabled_on_pr: yes
-
-    - compiler: msvc-15-seh
-      generator: "Visual Studio 15 2017 Win64"
-      build_system: cmake
-      APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE: Visual Studio 2017
-      enabled_on_pr: yes
-
-    - compiler: msvc-15-seh
-      build_system: bazel
-      APPVEYOR_BUILD_WORKER_IMAGE: Visual Studio 2017
-      enabled_on_pr: yes
-
-    - compiler: msvc-14-seh
-      build_system: cmake
-      generator: "Visual Studio 14 2015"
-      enabled_on_pr: yes
-
-    - compiler: msvc-14-seh
-      build_system: cmake
-      generator: "Visual Studio 14 2015 Win64"
-      enabled_on_pr: yes
-
-    - compiler: gcc-6.3.0-posix
-      build_system: cmake
-      generator: "MinGW Makefiles"
-      cxx_path: 'C:\mingw-w64\i686-6.3.0-posix-dwarf-rt_v5-rev1\mingw32\bin'
-      enabled_on_pr: yes
-
-configuration:
-  - Debug
-
-build:
-  verbosity: minimal
-
-install:
-- ps: |
-    Write-Output "Compiler: $env:compiler"
-    Write-Output "Generator: $env:generator"
-    Write-Output "Env:Configuation: $env:configuration"
-    Write-Output "Env: $env"
-    if (-not (Test-Path env:APPVEYOR_PULL_REQUEST_NUMBER)) {
-      Write-Output "This is *NOT* a pull request build"
-    } else {
-      Write-Output "This is a pull request build"
-      if (-not (Test-Path env:enabled_on_pr) -or $env:enabled_on_pr -ne "yes") {
-        Write-Output "PR builds are *NOT* explicitly enabled"
-      }
-    }
-
-    # install Bazel
-    if ($env:build_system -eq "bazel") {
-        appveyor DownloadFile https://github.com/bazelbuild/bazel/releases/download/3.6.0/bazel-3.6.0-windows-x86_64.exe -FileName bazel.exe
-    }
-
-    if ($env:build_system -eq "cmake") {
-        # git bash conflicts with MinGW makefiles
-        if ($env:generator -eq "MinGW Makefiles") {
-            $env:path = $env:path.replace("C:\Program Files\Git\usr\bin;", "")
-            if ($env:cxx_path -ne "") {
-                $env:path += ";$env:cxx_path"
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-before_build:
-- ps: |
-     $env:root=$env:APPVEYOR_BUILD_FOLDER
-     Write-Output "env:root: $env:root"
-
-build_script:
-- ps: |
-    # Only enable some builds for pull requests, the AppVeyor queue is too long.
-    if ((Test-Path env:APPVEYOR_PULL_REQUEST_NUMBER) -And (-not (Test-Path env:enabled_on_pr) -or $env:enabled_on_pr -ne "yes")) {
-      return
-    } else {
-        # special case - build with Bazel
-        if ($env:build_system -eq "bazel") {
-            & $env:root\bazel.exe build -c opt //:gtest_samples
-            if ($LastExitCode -eq 0) { # bazel writes to StdErr and PowerShell interprets it as an error
-                $host.SetShouldExit(0)
-            } else { # a real error
-                throw "Exec: $ErrorMessage"
-            }
-            return
-        }
-    }
-    # by default build with CMake
-    md _build -Force | Out-Null
-    cd _build
-
-    $conf = if ($env:generator -eq "MinGW Makefiles") {"-DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=$env:configuration"} else {"-DCMAKE_CONFIGURATION_TYPES=Debug;Release"}
-    # Disable test for MinGW (gtest tests fail, gmock tests can not build)
-    $gtest_build_tests = if ($env:generator -eq "MinGW Makefiles") {"-Dgtest_build_tests=OFF"} else {"-Dgtest_build_tests=ON"}
-    $gmock_build_tests = if ($env:generator -eq "MinGW Makefiles") {"-Dgmock_build_tests=OFF"} else {"-Dgmock_build_tests=ON"}
-    & cmake -G "$env:generator" $conf -Dgtest_build_samples=ON $gtest_build_tests $gmock_build_tests ..
-    if ($LastExitCode -ne 0) {
-        throw "Exec: $ErrorMessage"
-    }
-    $cmake_parallel = if ($env:generator -eq "MinGW Makefiles") {"-j2"} else  {"/m"}
-    & cmake --build . --config $env:configuration -- $cmake_parallel
-    if ($LastExitCode -ne 0) {
-        throw "Exec: $ErrorMessage"
-    }
-
-
-skip_commits:
-  files:
-    - '**/*.md'
-
-test_script:
-- ps: |
-    # Only enable some builds for pull requests, the AppVeyor queue is too long.
-    if ((Test-Path env:APPVEYOR_PULL_REQUEST_NUMBER) -And (-not (Test-Path env:enabled_on_pr) -or $env:enabled_on_pr -ne "yes")) {
-      return
-    }
-    if ($env:build_system -eq "bazel") {
-        # special case - testing with Bazel
-        & $env:root\bazel.exe test //:gtest_samples
-        if ($LastExitCode -eq 0) { # bazel writes to StdErr and PowerShell interprets it as an error
-            $host.SetShouldExit(0)
-        } else { # a real error
-            throw "Exec: $ErrorMessage"
-        }
-    }
-    if ($env:build_system -eq "cmake") {
-        # built with CMake - test with CTest
-        if ($env:generator -eq "MinGW Makefiles") {
-            return # No test available for MinGW
-        }
-
-        & ctest -C $env:configuration --timeout 600 --output-on-failure
-        if ($LastExitCode -ne 0) {
-            throw "Exec: $ErrorMessage"
-        }
-    }
-
-artifacts:
-  - path: '_build/CMakeFiles/*.log'
-    name: logs
-  - path: '_build/Testing/**/*.xml'
-    name: test_results
-  - path: 'bazel-testlogs/**/test.log'
-    name: test_logs
-  - path: 'bazel-testlogs/**/test.xml'
-    name: test_results
diff --git a/ci/build-linux-bazel.sh b/ci/build-linux-bazel.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index cfb06a9..0000000
--- a/ci/build-linux-bazel.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env bash
-# Copyright 2017 Google Inc.
-# All Rights Reserved.
-#
-#
-# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
-# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
-# met:
-#
-#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
-# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
-#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
-# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
-# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
-# distribution.
-#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
-# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
-# this software without specific prior written permission.
-#
-# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
-# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
-# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
-# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
-# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
-# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
-# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
-# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
-# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
-# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
-# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
-
-set -e
-
-bazel version
-bazel test --curses=no //...:all
-bazel test --curses=no //...:all --define absl=1
diff --git a/ci/env-linux.sh b/ci/env-linux.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index 7d2b8a8..0000000
--- a/ci/env-linux.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,41 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env bash
-# Copyright 2017 Google Inc.
-# All Rights Reserved.
-#
-#
-# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
-# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
-# met:
-#
-#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
-# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
-#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
-# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
-# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
-# distribution.
-#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
-# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
-# this software without specific prior written permission.
-#
-# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
-# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
-# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
-# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
-# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
-# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
-# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
-# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
-# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
-# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
-# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
-
-#
-# This file should be sourced, and not executed as a standalone script.
-#
-
-# TODO() - we can check if this is being sourced using $BASH_VERSION and $BASH_SOURCE[0] != ${0}.
-
-if [ "${TRAVIS_OS_NAME}" = "linux" ]; then
-    if [ "$CXX" = "g++" ]; then export CXX="g++" CC="gcc"; fi
-    if [ "$CXX" = "clang++" ]; then export CXX="clang++" CC="clang"; fi
-fi
diff --git a/ci/env-osx.sh b/ci/env-osx.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index fd4239f..0000000
--- a/ci/env-osx.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,41 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env bash
-# Copyright 2017 Google Inc.
-# All Rights Reserved.
-#
-#
-# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
-# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
-# met:
-#
-#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
-# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
-#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
-# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
-# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
-# distribution.
-#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
-# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
-# this software without specific prior written permission.
-#
-# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
-# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
-# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
-# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
-# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
-# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
-# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
-# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
-# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
-# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
-# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
-
-#
-# This file should be sourced, and not executed as a standalone script.
-#
-
-if [ "${TRAVIS_OS_NAME}" != "osx" ]; then
-   echo "Not a macOS build; skipping"
-   exit 0
-fi
-
-# This file is currently intentionally empty.
diff --git a/ci/get-nprocessors.sh b/ci/get-nprocessors.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index 43635e7..0000000
--- a/ci/get-nprocessors.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,48 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env bash
-# Copyright 2017 Google Inc.
-# All Rights Reserved.
-#
-#
-# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
-# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
-# met:
-#
-#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
-# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
-#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
-# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
-# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
-# distribution.
-#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
-# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
-# this software without specific prior written permission.
-#
-# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
-# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
-# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
-# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
-# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
-# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
-# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
-# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
-# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
-# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
-# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
-
-# This file is typically sourced by another script.
-# if possible, ask for the precise number of processors,
-# otherwise take 2 processors as reasonable default; see
-# https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/speeding-up-the-build/#Makefile-optimization
-if [ -x /usr/bin/getconf ]; then
-    NPROCESSORS=$(/usr/bin/getconf _NPROCESSORS_ONLN)
-else
-    NPROCESSORS=2
-fi
-
-# as of 2017-09-04 Travis CI reports 32 processors, but GCC build
-# crashes if parallelized too much (maybe memory consumption problem),
-# so limit to 4 processors for the time being.
-if [ $NPROCESSORS -gt 4 ] ; then
-	echo "$0:Note: Limiting processors to use by make from $NPROCESSORS to 4."
-	NPROCESSORS=4
-fi
diff --git a/ci/install-linux.sh b/ci/install-linux.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index f98ac7d..0000000
--- a/ci/install-linux.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,49 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env bash
-# Copyright 2017 Google Inc.
-# All Rights Reserved.
-#
-#
-# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
-# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
-# met:
-#
-#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
-# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
-#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
-# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
-# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
-# distribution.
-#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
-# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
-# this software without specific prior written permission.
-#
-# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
-# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
-# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
-# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
-# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
-# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
-# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
-# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
-# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
-# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
-# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
-
-set -eu
-
-if [ "${TRAVIS_OS_NAME}" != linux ]; then
-    echo "Not a Linux build; skipping installation"
-    exit 0
-fi
-
-
-if [ "${TRAVIS_SUDO}" = "true" ]; then
-    echo "deb [arch=amd64] http://storage.googleapis.com/bazel-apt stable jdk1.8" | \
-        sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/bazel.list
-    curl https://bazel.build/bazel-release.pub.gpg | sudo apt-key add -
-    sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y bazel gcc g++ clang
-elif [ "${CXX}" = "clang++" ]; then
-    # Use ccache, assuming $HOME/bin is in the path, which is true in the Travis build environment.
-    ln -sf /usr/bin/ccache $HOME/bin/${CXX};
-    ln -sf /usr/bin/ccache $HOME/bin/${CC};
-fi
diff --git a/ci/install-osx.sh b/ci/install-osx.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index c81c33c..0000000
--- a/ci/install-osx.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env bash
-# Copyright 2017 Google Inc.
-# All Rights Reserved.
-#
-#
-# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
-# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
-# met:
-#
-#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
-# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
-#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
-# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
-# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
-# distribution.
-#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
-# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
-# this software without specific prior written permission.
-#
-# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
-# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
-# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
-# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
-# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
-# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
-# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
-# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
-# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
-# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
-# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
-
-set -eu
-
-if [ "${TRAVIS_OS_NAME}" != "osx" ]; then
-    echo "Not a macOS build; skipping installation"
-    exit 0
-fi
-
-# This file is currently intentionally empty.
diff --git a/ci/linux-presubmit.sh b/ci/linux-presubmit.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6bea1cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ci/linux-presubmit.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+#
+# Copyright 2020, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+set -euox pipefail
+
+readonly LINUX_LATEST_CONTAINER="gcr.io/google.com/absl-177019/linux_hybrid-latest:20210525"
+readonly LINUX_GCC_FLOOR_CONTAINER="gcr.io/google.com/absl-177019/linux_gcc-floor:20201015"
+
+if [[ -z ${GTEST_ROOT:-} ]]; then
+  GTEST_ROOT="$(realpath $(dirname ${0})/..)"
+fi
+
+if [[ -z ${STD:-} ]]; then
+  STD="c++11 c++14 c++17 c++20"
+fi
+
+# Test the CMake build
+for cc in /usr/local/bin/gcc /opt/llvm/clang/bin/clang; do
+  for cmake_off_on in OFF ON; do
+    time docker run \
+      --volume="${GTEST_ROOT}:/src:ro" \
+      --tmpfs="/build:exec" \
+      --workdir="/build" \
+      --rm \
+      --env="CC=${cc}" \
+      --env="CXX_FLAGS=\"-Werror -Wdeprecated\"" \
+      ${LINUX_LATEST_CONTAINER} \
+      /bin/bash -c "
+        cmake /src \
+          -DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=11 \
+          -Dgtest_build_samples=ON \
+          -Dgtest_build_tests=ON \
+          -Dgmock_build_tests=ON \
+          -Dcxx_no_exception=${cmake_off_on} \
+          -Dcxx_no_rtti=${cmake_off_on} && \
+        make -j$(nproc) && \
+        ctest -j$(nproc) --output-on-failure"
+  done
+done
+
+# Do one test with an older version of GCC
+time docker run \
+  --volume="${GTEST_ROOT}:/src:ro" \
+  --workdir="/src" \
+  --rm \
+  --env="CC=/usr/local/bin/gcc" \
+  ${LINUX_GCC_FLOOR_CONTAINER} \
+    /usr/local/bin/bazel test ... \
+      --copt="-Wall" \
+      --copt="-Werror" \
+      --copt="-Wno-error=pragmas" \
+      --keep_going \
+      --show_timestamps \
+      --test_output=errors
+
+# Test GCC
+for std in ${STD}; do
+  for absl in 0 1; do
+    time docker run \
+      --volume="${GTEST_ROOT}:/src:ro" \
+      --workdir="/src" \
+      --rm \
+      --env="CC=/usr/local/bin/gcc" \
+      --env="BAZEL_CXXOPTS=-std=${std}" \
+      ${LINUX_LATEST_CONTAINER} \
+      /usr/local/bin/bazel test ... \
+        --copt="-Wall" \
+        --copt="-Werror" \
+        --define="absl=${absl}" \
+        --distdir="/bazel-distdir" \
+        --keep_going \
+        --show_timestamps \
+        --test_output=errors
+  done
+done
+
+# Test Clang
+for std in ${STD}; do
+  for absl in 0 1; do
+    time docker run \
+      --volume="${GTEST_ROOT}:/src:ro" \
+      --workdir="/src" \
+      --rm \
+      --env="CC=/opt/llvm/clang/bin/clang" \
+      --env="BAZEL_CXXOPTS=-std=${std}" \
+      ${LINUX_LATEST_CONTAINER} \
+      /usr/local/bin/bazel test ... \
+        --copt="--gcc-toolchain=/usr/local" \
+        --copt="-Wall" \
+        --copt="-Werror" \
+        --define="absl=${absl}" \
+        --distdir="/bazel-distdir" \
+        --keep_going \
+        --linkopt="--gcc-toolchain=/usr/local" \
+        --show_timestamps \
+        --test_output=errors
+  done
+done
diff --git a/ci/log-config.sh b/ci/log-config.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index c76c49a..0000000
--- a/ci/log-config.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,47 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env bash
-# Copyright 2017 Google Inc.
-# All Rights Reserved.
-#
-#
-# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
-# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
-# met:
-#
-#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
-# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
-#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
-# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
-# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
-# distribution.
-#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
-# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
-# this software without specific prior written permission.
-#
-# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
-# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
-# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
-# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
-# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
-# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
-# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
-# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
-# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
-# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
-# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
-
-set -e
-
-echo PATH=${PATH}
-
-echo "Compiler configuration:"
-echo CXX=${CXX}
-echo CC=${CC}
-echo CXXFLAGS=${CXXFLAGS}
-
-echo "C++ compiler version:"
-${CXX} --version || echo "${CXX} does not seem to support the --version flag"
-${CXX} -v || echo "${CXX} does not seem to support the -v flag"
-
-echo "C compiler version:"
-${CC} --version || echo "${CXX} does not seem to support the --version flag"
-${CC} -v || echo "${CXX} does not seem to support the -v flag"
diff --git a/ci/macos-presubmit.sh b/ci/macos-presubmit.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d6423fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ci/macos-presubmit.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+#
+# Copyright 2020, Google Inc.
+# All rights reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+set -euox pipefail
+
+if [[ -z ${GTEST_ROOT:-} ]]; then
+  GTEST_ROOT="$(realpath $(dirname ${0})/..)"
+fi
+
+# Test the CMake build
+for cmake_off_on in OFF ON; do
+  BUILD_DIR=$(mktemp -d build_dir.XXXXXXXX)
+  cd ${BUILD_DIR}
+  time cmake ${GTEST_ROOT} \
+    -DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=11 \
+    -Dgtest_build_samples=ON \
+    -Dgtest_build_tests=ON \
+    -Dgmock_build_tests=ON \
+    -Dcxx_no_exception=${cmake_off_on} \
+    -Dcxx_no_rtti=${cmake_off_on}
+  time make
+  time ctest -j$(nproc) --output-on-failure
+done
+
+# Test the Bazel build
+
+# If we are running on Kokoro, check for a versioned Bazel binary.
+KOKORO_GFILE_BAZEL_BIN="bazel-3.7.0-darwin-x86_64"
+if [[ ${KOKORO_GFILE_DIR:-} ]] && [[ -f ${KOKORO_GFILE_DIR}/${KOKORO_GFILE_BAZEL_BIN} ]]; then
+  BAZEL_BIN="${KOKORO_GFILE_DIR}/${KOKORO_GFILE_BAZEL_BIN}"
+  chmod +x ${BAZEL_BIN}
+else
+  BAZEL_BIN="bazel"
+fi
+
+cd ${GTEST_ROOT}
+for absl in 0 1; do
+  ${BAZEL_BIN} test ... \
+    --copt="-Wall" \
+    --copt="-Werror" \
+    --define="absl=${absl}" \
+    --keep_going \
+    --show_timestamps \
+    --test_output=errors
+done
diff --git a/ci/travis.sh b/ci/travis.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index a248822..0000000
--- a/ci/travis.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,29 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env sh
-set -evx
-
-. ci/get-nprocessors.sh
-
-# Tell make to use the processors. No preceding '-' required.
-MAKEFLAGS="j${NPROCESSORS}"
-export MAKEFLAGS
-
-env | sort
-
-# Set default values to OFF for these variables if not specified.
-: "${NO_EXCEPTION:=OFF}"
-: "${NO_RTTI:=OFF}"
-: "${COMPILER_IS_GNUCXX:=OFF}"
-
-mkdir build || true
-cd build
-cmake -Dgtest_build_samples=ON \
-      -Dgtest_build_tests=ON \
-      -Dgmock_build_tests=ON \
-      -Dcxx_no_exception="$NO_EXCEPTION" \
-      -Dcxx_no_rtti="$NO_RTTI" \
-      -DCMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCXX="$COMPILER_IS_GNUCXX" \
-      -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS="$CXX_FLAGS" \
-      -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE="$BUILD_TYPE" \
-      ..
-make
-CTEST_OUTPUT_ON_FAILURE=1 make test
diff --git a/docs/_config.yml b/docs/_config.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d12867e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/_config.yml
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+title: GoogleTest
diff --git a/docs/_data/navigation.yml b/docs/_data/navigation.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9f33327
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/_data/navigation.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+nav:
+- section: "Get Started"
+  items:
+  - title: "Supported Platforms"
+    url: "/platforms.html"
+  - title: "Quickstart: Bazel"
+    url: "/quickstart-bazel.html"
+  - title: "Quickstart: CMake"
+    url: "/quickstart-cmake.html"
+- section: "Guides"
+  items:
+  - title: "GoogleTest Primer"
+    url: "/primer.html"
+  - title: "Advanced Topics"
+    url: "/advanced.html"
+  - title: "Mocking for Dummies"
+    url: "/gmock_for_dummies.html"
+  - title: "Mocking Cookbook"
+    url: "/gmock_cook_book.html"
+  - title: "Mocking Cheat Sheet"
+    url: "/gmock_cheat_sheet.html"
+- section: "References"
+  items:
+  - title: "Testing Reference"
+    url: "/reference/testing.html"
+  - title: "Mocking Reference"
+    url: "/reference/mocking.html"
+  - title: "Assertions"
+    url: "/reference/assertions.html"
+  - title: "Matchers"
+    url: "/reference/matchers.html"
+  - title: "Actions"
+    url: "/reference/actions.html"
+  - title: "Testing FAQ"
+    url: "/faq.html"
+  - title: "Mocking FAQ"
+    url: "/gmock_faq.html"
+  - title: "Code Samples"
+    url: "/samples.html"
+  - title: "Using pkg-config"
+    url: "/pkgconfig.html"
+  - title: "Community Documentation"
+    url: "/community_created_documentation.html"
diff --git a/docs/_layouts/default.html b/docs/_layouts/default.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dcb42d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/_layouts/default.html
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="{{ site.lang | default: "en-US" }}">
+  <head>
+    <meta charset="UTF-8">
+    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
+    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
+
+{% seo %}
+    <link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ "/assets/css/style.css?v=" | append: site.github.build_revision | relative_url }}">
+    <script>
+      window.ga=window.ga||function(){(ga.q=ga.q||[]).push(arguments)};ga.l=+new Date;
+      ga('create', 'UA-197576187-1', { 'storage': 'none' });
+      ga('set', 'referrer', document.referrer.split('?')[0]);
+      ga('set', 'location', window.location.href.split('?')[0]);
+      ga('set', 'anonymizeIp', true);
+      ga('send', 'pageview');
+    </script>
+    <script async src='https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js'></script>
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <div class="sidebar">
+      <div class="header">
+        <h1><a href="{{ "/" | relative_url }}">{{ site.title | default: "Documentation" }}</a></h1>
+      </div>
+      <input type="checkbox" id="nav-toggle" class="nav-toggle">
+      <label for="nav-toggle" class="expander">
+        <span class="arrow"></span>
+      </label>
+      <nav>
+        {% for item in site.data.navigation.nav %}
+        <h2>{{ item.section }}</h2>
+        <ul>
+          {% for subitem in item.items %}
+          <a href="{{subitem.url | relative_url }}">
+            <li class="{% if subitem.url == page.url %}active{% endif %}">
+              {{ subitem.title }}
+            </li>
+          </a>
+          {% endfor %}
+        </ul>
+        {% endfor %}
+      </nav>
+    </div>
+    <div class="main markdown-body">
+      <div class="main-inner">
+        {{ content }}
+      </div>
+      <div class="footer">
+        GoogleTest &middot;
+        <a href="https://github.com/google/googletest">GitHub Repository</a> &middot;
+        <a href="https://github.com/google/googletest/blob/master/LICENSE">License</a> &middot;
+        <a href="https://policies.google.com/privacy">Privacy Policy</a>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+    <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/anchor-js/4.1.0/anchor.min.js" integrity="sha256-lZaRhKri35AyJSypXXs4o6OPFTbTmUoltBbDCbdzegg=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
+    <script>anchors.add('.main h2, .main h3, .main h4, .main h5, .main h6');</script>
+  </body>
+</html>
diff --git a/docs/_sass/main.scss b/docs/_sass/main.scss
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..92edc87
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/_sass/main.scss
@@ -0,0 +1,200 @@
+// Styles for GoogleTest docs website on GitHub Pages.
+// Color variables are defined in
+// https://github.com/pages-themes/primer/tree/master/_sass/primer-support/lib/variables
+
+$sidebar-width: 260px;
+
+body {
+  display: flex;
+  margin: 0;
+}
+
+.sidebar {
+  background: $black;
+  color: $text-white;
+  flex-shrink: 0;
+  height: 100vh;
+  overflow: auto;
+  position: sticky;
+  top: 0;
+  width: $sidebar-width;
+}
+
+.sidebar h1 {
+  font-size: 1.5em;
+}
+
+.sidebar h2 {
+  color: $gray-light;
+  font-size: 0.8em;
+  font-weight: normal;
+  margin-bottom: 0.8em;
+  padding-left: 2.5em;
+  text-transform: uppercase;
+}
+
+.sidebar .header {
+  background: $black;
+  padding: 2em;
+  position: sticky;
+  top: 0;
+  width: 100%;
+}
+
+.sidebar .header a {
+  color: $text-white;
+  text-decoration: none;
+}
+
+.sidebar .nav-toggle {
+  display: none;
+}
+
+.sidebar .expander {
+  cursor: pointer;
+  display: none;
+  height: 3em;
+  position: absolute;
+  right: 1em;
+  top: 1.5em;
+  width: 3em;
+}
+
+.sidebar .expander .arrow {
+  border: solid $white;
+  border-width: 0 3px 3px 0;
+  display: block;
+  height: 0.7em;
+  margin: 1em auto;
+  transform: rotate(45deg);
+  transition: transform 0.5s;
+  width: 0.7em;
+}
+
+.sidebar nav {
+  width: 100%;
+}
+
+.sidebar nav ul {
+  list-style-type: none;
+  margin-bottom: 1em;
+  padding: 0;
+
+  &:last-child {
+    margin-bottom: 2em;
+  }
+
+  a {
+   text-decoration: none;
+  }
+
+  li {
+    color: $text-white;
+    padding-left: 2em;
+    text-decoration: none;
+  }
+
+  li.active {
+    background: $border-gray-darker;
+    font-weight: bold;
+  }
+
+  li:hover {
+    background: $border-gray-darker;
+  }
+}
+
+.main {
+  background-color: $bg-gray;
+  width: calc(100% - #{$sidebar-width});
+}
+
+.main .main-inner {
+  background-color: $white;
+  padding: 2em;
+}
+
+.main .footer {
+  margin: 0;
+  padding: 2em;
+}
+
+.main table th {
+  text-align: left;
+}
+
+.main .callout {
+  border-left: 0.25em solid $white;
+  padding: 1em;
+
+  a {
+    text-decoration: underline;
+  }
+
+  &.important {
+    background-color: $bg-yellow-light;
+    border-color: $bg-yellow;
+    color: $black;
+  }
+
+  &.note {
+    background-color: $bg-blue-light;
+    border-color: $text-blue;
+    color: $text-blue;
+  }
+
+  &.tip {
+    background-color: $green-000;
+    border-color: $green-700;
+    color: $green-700;
+  }
+
+  &.warning {
+    background-color: $red-000;
+    border-color: $text-red;
+    color: $text-red;
+  }
+}
+
+.main .good pre {
+  background-color: $bg-green-light;
+}
+
+.main .bad pre {
+  background-color: $red-000;
+}
+
+@media all and (max-width: 768px) {
+  body {
+    flex-direction: column;
+  }
+
+  .sidebar {
+    height: auto;
+    position: relative;
+    width: 100%;
+  }
+
+  .sidebar .expander {
+    display: block;
+  }
+
+  .sidebar nav {
+    height: 0;
+    overflow: hidden;
+  }
+
+  .sidebar .nav-toggle:checked {
+    & ~ nav {
+      height: auto;
+    }
+
+    & + .expander .arrow {
+      transform: rotate(-135deg);
+    }
+  }
+
+  .main {
+    width: 100%;
+  }
+}
diff --git a/docs/advanced.md b/docs/advanced.md
index 3db96d3..8dff5ba 100644
--- a/docs/advanced.md
+++ b/docs/advanced.md
@@ -1,9 +1,5 @@
 # Advanced googletest Topics
 
-<!-- GOOGLETEST_CM0016 DO NOT DELETE -->
-
-<!-- GOOGLETEST_CM0035 DO NOT DELETE -->
-
 ## Introduction
 
 Now that you have read the [googletest Primer](primer.md) and learned how to
@@ -19,69 +15,13 @@
 
 ### Explicit Success and Failure
 
-These three assertions do not actually test a value or expression. Instead, they
-generate a success or failure directly. Like the macros that actually perform a
-test, you may stream a custom failure message into them.
-
-```c++
-SUCCEED();
-```
-
-Generates a success. This does **NOT** make the overall test succeed. A test is
-considered successful only if none of its assertions fail during its execution.
-
-NOTE: `SUCCEED()` is purely documentary and currently doesn't generate any
-user-visible output. However, we may add `SUCCEED()` messages to googletest's
-output in the future.
-
-```c++
-FAIL();
-ADD_FAILURE();
-ADD_FAILURE_AT("file_path", line_number);
-```
-
-`FAIL()` generates a fatal failure, while `ADD_FAILURE()` and `ADD_FAILURE_AT()`
-generate a nonfatal failure. These are useful when control flow, rather than a
-Boolean expression, determines the test's success or failure. For example, you
-might want to write something like:
-
-```c++
-switch(expression) {
-  case 1:
-     ... some checks ...
-  case 2:
-     ... some other checks ...
-  default:
-     FAIL() << "We shouldn't get here.";
-}
-```
-
-NOTE: you can only use `FAIL()` in functions that return `void`. See the
-[Assertion Placement section](#assertion-placement) for more information.
+See [Explicit Success and Failure](reference/assertions.md#success-failure) in
+the Assertions Reference.
 
 ### Exception Assertions
 
-These are for verifying that a piece of code throws (or does not throw) an
-exception of the given type:
-
-Fatal assertion                            | Nonfatal assertion                         | Verifies
------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------ | --------
-`ASSERT_THROW(statement, exception_type);` | `EXPECT_THROW(statement, exception_type);` | `statement` throws an exception of the given type
-`ASSERT_ANY_THROW(statement);`             | `EXPECT_ANY_THROW(statement);`             | `statement` throws an exception of any type
-`ASSERT_NO_THROW(statement);`              | `EXPECT_NO_THROW(statement);`              | `statement` doesn't throw any exception
-
-Examples:
-
-```c++
-ASSERT_THROW(Foo(5), bar_exception);
-
-EXPECT_NO_THROW({
-  int n = 5;
-  Bar(&n);
-});
-```
-
-**Availability**: requires exceptions to be enabled in the build environment
+See [Exception Assertions](reference/assertions.md#exceptions) in the Assertions
+Reference.
 
 ### Predicate Assertions for Better Error Messages
 
@@ -101,60 +41,9 @@
 
 If you already have a function or functor that returns `bool` (or a type that
 can be implicitly converted to `bool`), you can use it in a *predicate
-assertion* to get the function arguments printed for free:
-
-<!-- mdformat off(github rendering does not support multiline tables) -->
-
-| Fatal assertion                   | Nonfatal assertion                | Verifies                    |
-| --------------------------------- | --------------------------------- | --------------------------- |
-| `ASSERT_PRED1(pred1, val1)`       | `EXPECT_PRED1(pred1, val1)`       | `pred1(val1)` is true       |
-| `ASSERT_PRED2(pred2, val1, val2)` | `EXPECT_PRED2(pred2, val1, val2)` | `pred2(val1, val2)` is true |
-| `...`                             | `...`                             | `...`                       |
-
-<!-- mdformat on-->
-In the above, `predn` is an `n`-ary predicate function or functor, where `val1`,
-`val2`, ..., and `valn` are its arguments. The assertion succeeds if the
-predicate returns `true` when applied to the given arguments, and fails
-otherwise. When the assertion fails, it prints the value of each argument. In
-either case, the arguments are evaluated exactly once.
-
-Here's an example. Given
-
-```c++
-// Returns true if m and n have no common divisors except 1.
-bool MutuallyPrime(int m, int n) { ... }
-
-const int a = 3;
-const int b = 4;
-const int c = 10;
-```
-
-the assertion
-
-```c++
-  EXPECT_PRED2(MutuallyPrime, a, b);
-```
-
-will succeed, while the assertion
-
-```c++
-  EXPECT_PRED2(MutuallyPrime, b, c);
-```
-
-will fail with the message
-
-```none
-MutuallyPrime(b, c) is false, where
-b is 4
-c is 10
-```
-
-> NOTE:
->
-> 1.  If you see a compiler error "no matching function to call" when using
->     `ASSERT_PRED*` or `EXPECT_PRED*`, please see
->     [this](faq.md#the-compiler-complains-no-matching-function-to-call-when-i-use-assert-pred-how-do-i-fix-it)
->     for how to resolve it.
+assertion* to get the function arguments printed for free. See
+[`EXPECT_PRED*`](reference/assertions.md#EXPECT_PRED) in the Assertions
+Reference for details.
 
 #### Using a Function That Returns an AssertionResult
 
@@ -245,178 +134,50 @@
 
 #### Using a Predicate-Formatter
 
-If you find the default message generated by `(ASSERT|EXPECT)_PRED*` and
-`(ASSERT|EXPECT)_(TRUE|FALSE)` unsatisfactory, or some arguments to your
-predicate do not support streaming to `ostream`, you can instead use the
-following *predicate-formatter assertions* to *fully* customize how the message
-is formatted:
-
-Fatal assertion                                  | Nonfatal assertion                               | Verifies
------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------ | --------
-`ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT1(pred_format1, val1);`       | `EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT1(pred_format1, val1);`       | `pred_format1(val1)` is successful
-`ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT2(pred_format2, val1, val2);` | `EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT2(pred_format2, val1, val2);` | `pred_format2(val1, val2)` is successful
-`...`                                            | `...`                                            | ...
-
-The difference between this and the previous group of macros is that instead of
-a predicate, `(ASSERT|EXPECT)_PRED_FORMAT*` take a *predicate-formatter*
-(`pred_formatn`), which is a function or functor with the signature:
-
-```c++
-testing::AssertionResult PredicateFormattern(const char* expr1,
-                                             const char* expr2,
-                                             ...
-                                             const char* exprn,
-                                             T1 val1,
-                                             T2 val2,
-                                             ...
-                                             Tn valn);
-```
-
-where `val1`, `val2`, ..., and `valn` are the values of the predicate arguments,
-and `expr1`, `expr2`, ..., and `exprn` are the corresponding expressions as they
-appear in the source code. The types `T1`, `T2`, ..., and `Tn` can be either
-value types or reference types. For example, if an argument has type `Foo`, you
-can declare it as either `Foo` or `const Foo&`, whichever is appropriate.
-
-As an example, let's improve the failure message in `MutuallyPrime()`, which was
-used with `EXPECT_PRED2()`:
-
-```c++
-// Returns the smallest prime common divisor of m and n,
-// or 1 when m and n are mutually prime.
-int SmallestPrimeCommonDivisor(int m, int n) { ... }
-
-// A predicate-formatter for asserting that two integers are mutually prime.
-testing::AssertionResult AssertMutuallyPrime(const char* m_expr,
-                                             const char* n_expr,
-                                             int m,
-                                             int n) {
-  if (MutuallyPrime(m, n)) return testing::AssertionSuccess();
-
-  return testing::AssertionFailure() << m_expr << " and " << n_expr
-      << " (" << m << " and " << n << ") are not mutually prime, "
-      << "as they have a common divisor " << SmallestPrimeCommonDivisor(m, n);
-}
-```
-
-With this predicate-formatter, we can use
-
-```c++
-  EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT2(AssertMutuallyPrime, b, c);
-```
-
-to generate the message
-
-```none
-b and c (4 and 10) are not mutually prime, as they have a common divisor 2.
-```
-
-As you may have realized, many of the built-in assertions we introduced earlier
-are special cases of `(EXPECT|ASSERT)_PRED_FORMAT*`. In fact, most of them are
-indeed defined using `(EXPECT|ASSERT)_PRED_FORMAT*`.
+If you find the default message generated by
+[`EXPECT_PRED*`](reference/assertions.md#EXPECT_PRED) and
+[`EXPECT_TRUE`](reference/assertions.md#EXPECT_TRUE) unsatisfactory, or some
+arguments to your predicate do not support streaming to `ostream`, you can
+instead use *predicate-formatter assertions* to *fully* customize how the
+message is formatted. See
+[`EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT*`](reference/assertions.md#EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT) in the
+Assertions Reference for details.
 
 ### Floating-Point Comparison
 
-Comparing floating-point numbers is tricky. Due to round-off errors, it is very
-unlikely that two floating-points will match exactly. Therefore, `ASSERT_EQ` 's
-naive comparison usually doesn't work. And since floating-points can have a wide
-value range, no single fixed error bound works. It's better to compare by a
-fixed relative error bound, except for values close to 0 due to the loss of
-precision there.
-
-In general, for floating-point comparison to make sense, the user needs to
-carefully choose the error bound. If they don't want or care to, comparing in
-terms of Units in the Last Place (ULPs) is a good default, and googletest
-provides assertions to do this. Full details about ULPs are quite long; if you
-want to learn more, see
-[here](https://randomascii.wordpress.com/2012/02/25/comparing-floating-point-numbers-2012-edition/).
-
-#### Floating-Point Macros
-
-<!-- mdformat off(github rendering does not support multiline tables) -->
-
-| Fatal assertion                 | Nonfatal assertion              | Verifies                                 |
-| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------- |
-| `ASSERT_FLOAT_EQ(val1, val2);`  | `EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(val1, val2);`  | the two `float` values are almost equal  |
-| `ASSERT_DOUBLE_EQ(val1, val2);` | `EXPECT_DOUBLE_EQ(val1, val2);` | the two `double` values are almost equal |
-
-<!-- mdformat on-->
-
-By "almost equal" we mean the values are within 4 ULP's from each other.
-
-The following assertions allow you to choose the acceptable error bound:
-
-<!-- mdformat off(github rendering does not support multiline tables) -->
-
-| Fatal assertion                       | Nonfatal assertion                    | Verifies                                                                         |
-| ------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
-| `ASSERT_NEAR(val1, val2, abs_error);` | `EXPECT_NEAR(val1, val2, abs_error);` | the difference between `val1` and `val2` doesn't exceed the given absolute error |
-
-<!-- mdformat on-->
+See [Floating-Point Comparison](reference/assertions.md#floating-point) in the
+Assertions Reference.
 
 #### Floating-Point Predicate-Format Functions
 
 Some floating-point operations are useful, but not that often used. In order to
 avoid an explosion of new macros, we provide them as predicate-format functions
-that can be used in predicate assertion macros (e.g. `EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT2`,
-etc).
+that can be used in the predicate assertion macro
+[`EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT2`](reference/assertions.md#EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT), for
+example:
 
 ```c++
 EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT2(testing::FloatLE, val1, val2);
 EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT2(testing::DoubleLE, val1, val2);
 ```
 
-Verifies that `val1` is less than, or almost equal to, `val2`. You can replace
-`EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT2` in the above table with `ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT2`.
+The above code verifies that `val1` is less than, or approximately equal to,
+`val2`.
 
 ### Asserting Using gMock Matchers
 
-[gMock](gmock_index.md) comes with
-[a library of matchers](gmock_cheat_sheet.md#MatcherList) for
-validating arguments passed to mock objects. A gMock *matcher* is basically a
-predicate that knows how to describe itself. It can be used in these assertion
-macros:
-
-<!-- mdformat off(github rendering does not support multiline tables) -->
-
-| Fatal assertion                | Nonfatal assertion             | Verifies              |
-| ------------------------------ | ------------------------------ | --------------------- |
-| `ASSERT_THAT(value, matcher);` | `EXPECT_THAT(value, matcher);` | value matches matcher |
-
-<!-- mdformat on-->
-
-For example, `StartsWith(prefix)` is a matcher that matches a string starting
-with `prefix`, and you can write:
-
-```c++
-using ::testing::StartsWith;
-...
-    // Verifies that Foo() returns a string starting with "Hello".
-    EXPECT_THAT(Foo(), StartsWith("Hello"));
-```
-
-Read this
-[recipe](gmock_cook_book.md#using-matchers-in-googletest-assertions)
-in the gMock Cookbook for more details.
-
-gMock has a rich set of matchers. You can do many things googletest cannot do
-alone with them. For a list of matchers gMock provides, read
-[this](gmock_cook_book.md##using-matchers). It's easy to write
-your [own matchers](gmock_cook_book.md#NewMatchers) too.
-
-gMock is bundled with googletest, so you don't need to add any build dependency
-in order to take advantage of this. Just include `"gmock/gmock.h"`
-and you're ready to go.
+See [`EXPECT_THAT`](reference/assertions.md#EXPECT_THAT) in the Assertions
+Reference.
 
 ### More String Assertions
 
 (Please read the [previous](#asserting-using-gmock-matchers) section first if
 you haven't.)
 
-You can use the gMock
-[string matchers](gmock_cheat_sheet.md#string-matchers) with
-`EXPECT_THAT()` or `ASSERT_THAT()` to do more string comparison tricks
-(sub-string, prefix, suffix, regular expression, and etc). For example,
+You can use the gMock [string matchers](reference/matchers.md#string-matchers)
+with [`EXPECT_THAT`](reference/assertions.md#EXPECT_THAT) to do more string
+comparison tricks (sub-string, prefix, suffix, regular expression, and etc). For
+example,
 
 ```c++
 using ::testing::HasSubstr;
@@ -426,37 +187,10 @@
   EXPECT_THAT(bar_string, MatchesRegex("\\w*\\d+"));
 ```
 
-If the string contains a well-formed HTML or XML document, you can check whether
-its DOM tree matches an
-[XPath expression](http://www.w3.org/TR/xpath/#contents):
-
-```c++
-// Currently still in //template/prototemplate/testing:xpath_matcher
-#include "template/prototemplate/testing/xpath_matcher.h"
-using ::prototemplate::testing::MatchesXPath;
-EXPECT_THAT(html_string, MatchesXPath("//a[text()='click here']"));
-```
-
 ### Windows HRESULT assertions
 
-These assertions test for `HRESULT` success or failure.
-
-Fatal assertion                        | Nonfatal assertion                     | Verifies
--------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------- | --------
-`ASSERT_HRESULT_SUCCEEDED(expression)` | `EXPECT_HRESULT_SUCCEEDED(expression)` | `expression` is a success `HRESULT`
-`ASSERT_HRESULT_FAILED(expression)`    | `EXPECT_HRESULT_FAILED(expression)`    | `expression` is a failure `HRESULT`
-
-The generated output contains the human-readable error message associated with
-the `HRESULT` code returned by `expression`.
-
-You might use them like this:
-
-```c++
-CComPtr<IShellDispatch2> shell;
-ASSERT_HRESULT_SUCCEEDED(shell.CoCreateInstance(L"Shell.Application"));
-CComVariant empty;
-ASSERT_HRESULT_SUCCEEDED(shell->ShellExecute(CComBSTR(url), empty, empty, empty, empty));
-```
+See [Windows HRESULT Assertions](reference/assertions.md#HRESULT) in the
+Assertions Reference.
 
 ### Type Assertions
 
@@ -520,6 +254,7 @@
 If changing the function's type is not an option, you should just use assertions
 that generate non-fatal failures, such as `ADD_FAILURE*` and `EXPECT_*`.
 
+{: .callout .note}
 NOTE: Constructors and destructors are not considered void-returning functions,
 according to the C++ language specification, and so you may not use fatal
 assertions in them; you'll get a compilation error if you try. Instead, either
@@ -527,6 +262,7 @@
 a `SetUp`/`TearDown` function; see
 [constructor/destructor vs. `SetUp`/`TearDown`](faq.md#CtorVsSetUp)
 
+{: .callout .warning}
 WARNING: A fatal assertion in a helper function (private void-returning method)
 called from a constructor or destructor does not terminate the current test, as
 your intuition might suggest: it merely returns from the constructor or
@@ -534,6 +270,38 @@
 partially-destructed state! You almost certainly want to `abort` or use
 `SetUp`/`TearDown` instead.
 
+## Skipping test execution
+
+Related to the assertions `SUCCEED()` and `FAIL()`, you can prevent further test
+execution at runtime with the `GTEST_SKIP()` macro. This is useful when you need
+to check for preconditions of the system under test during runtime and skip
+tests in a meaningful way.
+
+`GTEST_SKIP()` can be used in individual test cases or in the `SetUp()` methods
+of classes derived from either `::testing::Environment` or `::testing::Test`.
+For example:
+
+```c++
+TEST(SkipTest, DoesSkip) {
+  GTEST_SKIP() << "Skipping single test";
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, 1);  // Won't fail; it won't be executed
+}
+
+class SkipFixture : public ::testing::Test {
+ protected:
+  void SetUp() override {
+    GTEST_SKIP() << "Skipping all tests for this fixture";
+  }
+};
+
+// Tests for SkipFixture won't be executed.
+TEST_F(SkipFixture, SkipsOneTest) {
+  EXPECT_EQ(5, 7);  // Won't fail
+}
+```
+
+As with assertion macros, you can stream a custom message into `GTEST_SKIP()`.
+
 ## Teaching googletest How to Print Your Values
 
 When a test assertion such as `EXPECT_EQ` fails, googletest prints the argument
@@ -632,74 +400,16 @@
 code, see [Exception Assertions](#ExceptionAssertions).
 
 If you want to test `EXPECT_*()/ASSERT_*()` failures in your test code, see
-Catching Failures
+["Catching" Failures](#catching-failures).
 
 ### How to Write a Death Test
 
-googletest has the following macros to support death tests:
+GoogleTest provides assertion macros to support death tests. See
+[Death Assertions](reference/assertions.md#death) in the Assertions Reference
+for details.
 
-Fatal assertion                                  | Nonfatal assertion                               | Verifies
------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------ | --------
-`ASSERT_DEATH(statement, matcher);`              | `EXPECT_DEATH(statement, matcher);`              | `statement` crashes with the given error
-`ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(statement, matcher);` | `EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(statement, matcher);` | if death tests are supported, verifies that `statement` crashes with the given error; otherwise verifies nothing
-`ASSERT_DEBUG_DEATH(statement, matcher);`        | `EXPECT_DEBUG_DEATH(statement, matcher);`        | `statement` crashes with the given error **in debug mode**. When not in debug (i.e. `NDEBUG` is defined), this just executes `statement`
-`ASSERT_EXIT(statement, predicate, matcher);`    | `EXPECT_EXIT(statement, predicate, matcher);`    | `statement` exits with the given error, and its exit code matches `predicate`
-
-where `statement` is a statement that is expected to cause the process to die,
-`predicate` is a function or function object that evaluates an integer exit
-status, and `matcher` is either a gMock matcher matching a `const std::string&`
-or a (Perl) regular expression - either of which is matched against the stderr
-output of `statement`. For legacy reasons, a bare string (i.e. with no matcher)
-is interpreted as `ContainsRegex(str)`, **not** `Eq(str)`. Note that `statement`
-can be *any valid statement* (including *compound statement*) and doesn't have
-to be an expression.
-
-As usual, the `ASSERT` variants abort the current test function, while the
-`EXPECT` variants do not.
-
-> NOTE: We use the word "crash" here to mean that the process terminates with a
-> *non-zero* exit status code. There are two possibilities: either the process
-> has called `exit()` or `_exit()` with a non-zero value, or it may be killed by
-> a signal.
->
-> This means that if *`statement`* terminates the process with a 0 exit code, it
-> is *not* considered a crash by `EXPECT_DEATH`. Use `EXPECT_EXIT` instead if
-> this is the case, or if you want to restrict the exit code more precisely.
-
-A predicate here must accept an `int` and return a `bool`. The death test
-succeeds only if the predicate returns `true`. googletest defines a few
-predicates that handle the most common cases:
-
-```c++
-::testing::ExitedWithCode(exit_code)
-```
-
-This expression is `true` if the program exited normally with the given exit
-code.
-
-```c++
-testing::KilledBySignal(signal_number)  // Not available on Windows.
-```
-
-This expression is `true` if the program was killed by the given signal.
-
-The `*_DEATH` macros are convenient wrappers for `*_EXIT` that use a predicate
-that verifies the process' exit code is non-zero.
-
-Note that a death test only cares about three things:
-
-1.  does `statement` abort or exit the process?
-2.  (in the case of `ASSERT_EXIT` and `EXPECT_EXIT`) does the exit status
-    satisfy `predicate`? Or (in the case of `ASSERT_DEATH` and `EXPECT_DEATH`)
-    is the exit status non-zero? And
-3.  does the stderr output match `matcher`?
-
-In particular, if `statement` generates an `ASSERT_*` or `EXPECT_*` failure, it
-will **not** cause the death test to fail, as googletest assertions don't abort
-the process.
-
-To write a death test, simply use one of the above macros inside your test
-function. For example,
+To write a death test, simply use one of the macros inside your test function.
+For example,
 
 ```c++
 TEST(MyDeathTest, Foo) {
@@ -714,8 +424,8 @@
   EXPECT_EXIT(NormalExit(), testing::ExitedWithCode(0), "Success");
 }
 
-TEST(MyDeathTest, KillMyself) {
-  EXPECT_EXIT(KillMyself(), testing::KilledBySignal(SIGKILL),
+TEST(MyDeathTest, KillProcess) {
+  EXPECT_EXIT(KillProcess(), testing::KilledBySignal(SIGKILL),
               "Sending myself unblockable signal");
 }
 ```
@@ -725,13 +435,26 @@
 *   calling `Foo(5)` causes the process to die with the given error message,
 *   calling `NormalExit()` causes the process to print `"Success"` to stderr and
     exit with exit code 0, and
-*   calling `KillMyself()` kills the process with signal `SIGKILL`.
+*   calling `KillProcess()` kills the process with signal `SIGKILL`.
 
 The test function body may contain other assertions and statements as well, if
 necessary.
 
+Note that a death test only cares about three things:
+
+1.  does `statement` abort or exit the process?
+2.  (in the case of `ASSERT_EXIT` and `EXPECT_EXIT`) does the exit status
+    satisfy `predicate`? Or (in the case of `ASSERT_DEATH` and `EXPECT_DEATH`)
+    is the exit status non-zero? And
+3.  does the stderr output match `matcher`?
+
+In particular, if `statement` generates an `ASSERT_*` or `EXPECT_*` failure, it
+will **not** cause the death test to fail, as googletest assertions don't abort
+the process.
+
 ### Death Test Naming
 
+{: .callout .important}
 IMPORTANT: We strongly recommend you to follow the convention of naming your
 **test suite** (not test) `*DeathTest` when it contains a death test, as
 demonstrated in the above example. The
@@ -800,31 +523,8 @@
 
 ### How It Works
 
-Under the hood, `ASSERT_EXIT()` spawns a new process and executes the death test
-statement in that process. The details of how precisely that happens depend on
-the platform and the variable `::testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style)` (which is
-initialized from the command-line flag `--gtest_death_test_style`).
-
-*   On POSIX systems, `fork()` (or `clone()` on Linux) is used to spawn the
-    child, after which:
-    *   If the variable's value is `"fast"`, the death test statement is
-        immediately executed.
-    *   If the variable's value is `"threadsafe"`, the child process re-executes
-        the unit test binary just as it was originally invoked, but with some
-        extra flags to cause just the single death test under consideration to
-        be run.
-*   On Windows, the child is spawned using the `CreateProcess()` API, and
-    re-executes the binary to cause just the single death test under
-    consideration to be run - much like the `threadsafe` mode on POSIX.
-
-Other values for the variable are illegal and will cause the death test to fail.
-Currently, the flag's default value is **"fast"**
-
-1.  the child's exit status satisfies the predicate, and
-2.  the child's stderr matches the regular expression.
-
-If the death test statement runs to completion without dying, the child process
-will nonetheless terminate, and the assertion fails.
+See [Death Assertions](reference/assertions.md#death) in the Assertions
+Reference.
 
 ### Death Tests And Threads
 
@@ -913,6 +613,7 @@
 
 ## Using Assertions in Sub-routines
 
+{: .callout .note}
 Note: If you want to put a series of test assertions in a subroutine to check
 for a complex condition, consider using
 [a custom GMock matcher](gmock_cook_book.md#NewMatchers)
@@ -1140,6 +841,7 @@
   ...
 ```
 
+{: .callout .note}
 > NOTE:
 >
 > *   `RecordProperty()` is a static member of the `Test` class. Therefore it
@@ -1207,10 +909,10 @@
   }
 
   // You can define per-test set-up logic as usual.
-  virtual void SetUp() { ... }
+  void SetUp() override { ... }
 
   // You can define per-test tear-down logic as usual.
-  virtual void TearDown() { ... }
+  void TearDown() override { ... }
 
   // Some expensive resource shared by all tests.
   static T* shared_resource_;
@@ -1227,6 +929,7 @@
 }
 ```
 
+{: .callout .note}
 NOTE: Though the above code declares `SetUpTestSuite()` protected, it may
 sometimes be necessary to declare it public, such as when using it with
 `TEST_P`.
@@ -1240,7 +943,7 @@
 environment, which knows how to set-up and tear-down:
 
 ```c++
-class Environment : public testing::Environment {
+class Environment : public ::testing::Environment {
  public:
   ~Environment() override {}
 
@@ -1314,6 +1017,7 @@
 raw pointer, you are responsible for managing the lifespan of the pointed
 values.
 
+{: .callout .note}
 NOTE: If your test fixture defines `SetUpTestSuite()` or `TearDownTestSuite()`
 they must be declared **public** rather than **protected** in order to use
 `TEST_P`.
@@ -1353,87 +1057,80 @@
 }
 ```
 
-Finally, you can use `INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P` to instantiate the test suite
-with any set of parameters you want. googletest defines a number of functions
-for generating test parameters. They return what we call (surprise!) *parameter
-generators*. Here is a summary of them, which are all in the `testing`
-namespace:
+Finally, you can use the `INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P` macro to instantiate the
+test suite with any set of parameters you want. GoogleTest defines a number of
+functions for generating test parameters—see details at
+[`INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P`](reference/testing.md#INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P) in
+the Testing Reference.
 
-<!-- mdformat off(github rendering does not support multiline tables) -->
-
-| Parameter Generator                                                                       | Behavior                                                                                                          |
-| ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
-| `Range(begin, end [, step])`                                                              | Yields values `{begin, begin+step, begin+step+step, ...}`. The values do not include `end`. `step` defaults to 1. |
-| `Values(v1, v2, ..., vN)`                                                                 | Yields values `{v1, v2, ..., vN}`.                                                                                |
-| `ValuesIn(container)` and  `ValuesIn(begin,end)`                                          | Yields values from a C-style array, an  STL-style container, or an iterator range `[begin, end)`                  |
-| `Bool()`                                                                                  | Yields sequence `{false, true}`.                                                                                  |
-| `Combine(g1, g2, ..., gN)`                                                                | Yields all combinations (Cartesian product) as std\:\:tuples of the values generated by the `N` generators.       |
-
-<!-- mdformat on-->
-
-For more details, see the comments at the definitions of these functions.
-
-The following statement will instantiate tests from the `FooTest` test suite
-each with parameter values `"meeny"`, `"miny"`, and `"moe"`.
+For example, the following statement will instantiate tests from the `FooTest`
+test suite each with parameter values `"meeny"`, `"miny"`, and `"moe"` using the
+[`Values`](reference/testing.md#param-generators) parameter generator:
 
 ```c++
-INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(InstantiationName,
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(MeenyMinyMoe,
                          FooTest,
                          testing::Values("meeny", "miny", "moe"));
 ```
 
+{: .callout .note}
 NOTE: The code above must be placed at global or namespace scope, not at
 function scope.
 
-Per default, every `TEST_P` without a corresponding `INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P`
-causes a failing test in test suite `GoogleTestVerification`. If you have a test
-suite where that omission is not an error, for example it is in a library that
-may be linked in for other reason or where the list of test cases is dynamic and
-may be empty, then this check can be suppressed by tagging the test suite:
+The first argument to `INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P` is a unique name for the
+instantiation of the test suite. The next argument is the name of the test
+pattern, and the last is the
+[parameter generator](reference/testing.md#param-generators).
 
-```c++
-GTEST_ALLOW_UNINSTANTIATED_PARAMETERIZED_TEST(FooTest);
-```
+You can instantiate a test pattern more than once, so to distinguish different
+instances of the pattern, the instantiation name is added as a prefix to the
+actual test suite name. Remember to pick unique prefixes for different
+instantiations. The tests from the instantiation above will have these names:
 
-To distinguish different instances of the pattern (yes, you can instantiate it
-more than once), the first argument to `INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P` is a prefix
-that will be added to the actual test suite name. Remember to pick unique
-prefixes for different instantiations. The tests from the instantiation above
-will have these names:
-
-*   `InstantiationName/FooTest.DoesBlah/0` for `"meeny"`
-*   `InstantiationName/FooTest.DoesBlah/1` for `"miny"`
-*   `InstantiationName/FooTest.DoesBlah/2` for `"moe"`
-*   `InstantiationName/FooTest.HasBlahBlah/0` for `"meeny"`
-*   `InstantiationName/FooTest.HasBlahBlah/1` for `"miny"`
-*   `InstantiationName/FooTest.HasBlahBlah/2` for `"moe"`
+*   `MeenyMinyMoe/FooTest.DoesBlah/0` for `"meeny"`
+*   `MeenyMinyMoe/FooTest.DoesBlah/1` for `"miny"`
+*   `MeenyMinyMoe/FooTest.DoesBlah/2` for `"moe"`
+*   `MeenyMinyMoe/FooTest.HasBlahBlah/0` for `"meeny"`
+*   `MeenyMinyMoe/FooTest.HasBlahBlah/1` for `"miny"`
+*   `MeenyMinyMoe/FooTest.HasBlahBlah/2` for `"moe"`
 
 You can use these names in [`--gtest_filter`](#running-a-subset-of-the-tests).
 
-This statement will instantiate all tests from `FooTest` again, each with
-parameter values `"cat"` and `"dog"`:
+The following statement will instantiate all tests from `FooTest` again, each
+with parameter values `"cat"` and `"dog"` using the
+[`ValuesIn`](reference/testing.md#param-generators) parameter generator:
 
 ```c++
 const char* pets[] = {"cat", "dog"};
-INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(AnotherInstantiationName, FooTest,
-                         testing::ValuesIn(pets));
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(Pets, FooTest, testing::ValuesIn(pets));
 ```
 
 The tests from the instantiation above will have these names:
 
-*   `AnotherInstantiationName/FooTest.DoesBlah/0` for `"cat"`
-*   `AnotherInstantiationName/FooTest.DoesBlah/1` for `"dog"`
-*   `AnotherInstantiationName/FooTest.HasBlahBlah/0` for `"cat"`
-*   `AnotherInstantiationName/FooTest.HasBlahBlah/1` for `"dog"`
+*   `Pets/FooTest.DoesBlah/0` for `"cat"`
+*   `Pets/FooTest.DoesBlah/1` for `"dog"`
+*   `Pets/FooTest.HasBlahBlah/0` for `"cat"`
+*   `Pets/FooTest.HasBlahBlah/1` for `"dog"`
 
 Please note that `INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P` will instantiate *all* tests in the
 given test suite, whether their definitions come before or *after* the
 `INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P` statement.
 
+Additionally, by default, every `TEST_P` without a corresponding
+`INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P` causes a failing test in test suite
+`GoogleTestVerification`. If you have a test suite where that omission is not an
+error, for example it is in a library that may be linked in for other reasons or
+where the list of test cases is dynamic and may be empty, then this check can be
+suppressed by tagging the test suite:
+
+```c++
+GTEST_ALLOW_UNINSTANTIATED_PARAMETERIZED_TEST(FooTest);
+```
+
 You can see [sample7_unittest.cc] and [sample8_unittest.cc] for more examples.
 
-[sample7_unittest.cc]: ../googletest/samples/sample7_unittest.cc "Parameterized Test example"
-[sample8_unittest.cc]: ../googletest/samples/sample8_unittest.cc "Parameterized Test example with multiple parameters"
+[sample7_unittest.cc]: https://github.com/google/googletest/blob/master/googletest/samples/sample7_unittest.cc "Parameterized Test example"
+[sample8_unittest.cc]: https://github.com/google/googletest/blob/master/googletest/samples/sample8_unittest.cc "Parameterized Test example with multiple parameters"
 
 ### Creating Value-Parameterized Abstract Tests
 
@@ -1470,6 +1167,7 @@
 returns the value of `testing::PrintToString(GetParam())`. It does not work for
 `std::string` or C strings.
 
+{: .callout .note}
 NOTE: test names must be non-empty, unique, and may only contain ASCII
 alphanumeric characters. In particular, they
 [should not contain underscores](faq.md#why-should-test-suite-names-and-test-names-not-contain-underscore)
@@ -1502,11 +1200,11 @@
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
     MyGroup, MyTestSuite,
     testing::Combine(
-        testing::Values(MyType::VALUE_0, MyType::VALUE_1),
-        testing::ValuesIn("", "")),
+        testing::Values(MyType::MY_FOO, MyType::MY_BAR),
+        testing::Values("A", "B")),
     [](const testing::TestParamInfo<MyTestSuite::ParamType>& info) {
       std::string name = absl::StrCat(
-          std::get<0>(info.param) == MY_FOO ? "Foo" : "Bar", "_",
+          std::get<0>(info.param) == MyType::MY_FOO ? "Foo" : "Bar",
           std::get<1>(info.param));
       absl::c_replace_if(name, [](char c) { return !std::isalnum(c); }, '_');
       return name;
@@ -1583,7 +1281,7 @@
 
 You can see [sample6_unittest.cc] for a complete example.
 
-[sample6_unittest.cc]: ../googletest/samples/sample6_unittest.cc "Typed Test example"
+[sample6_unittest.cc]: https://github.com/google/googletest/blob/master/googletest/samples/sample6_unittest.cc "Typed Test example"
 
 ## Type-Parameterized Tests
 
@@ -1738,10 +1436,11 @@
     }
     ```
 
-    Pay special attention when your class is defined in a namespace, as you
-    should define your test fixtures and tests in the same namespace if you want
-    them to be friends of your class. For example, if the code to be tested
-    looks like:
+    Pay special attention when your class is defined in a namespace. If you want
+    your test fixtures and tests to be friends of your class, then they must be
+    defined in the exact same namespace (no anonymous or inline namespaces).
+
+    For example, if the code to be tested looks like:
 
     ```c++
     namespace my_namespace {
@@ -1808,6 +1507,7 @@
   EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE_ON_ALL_THREADS(statement, substring);
 ```
 
+{: .callout .note}
 NOTE: Assertions from multiple threads are currently not supported on Windows.
 
 For technical reasons, there are some caveats:
@@ -1896,27 +1596,12 @@
 
 Sometimes a function may need to know the name of the currently running test.
 For example, you may be using the `SetUp()` method of your test fixture to set
-the golden file name based on which test is running. The `::testing::TestInfo`
-class has this information:
-
-```c++
-namespace testing {
-
-class TestInfo {
- public:
-  // Returns the test suite name and the test name, respectively.
-  //
-  // Do NOT delete or free the return value - it's managed by the
-  // TestInfo class.
-  const char* test_suite_name() const;
-  const char* name() const;
-};
-
-}
-```
+the golden file name based on which test is running. The
+[`TestInfo`](reference/testing.md#TestInfo) class has this information.
 
 To obtain a `TestInfo` object for the currently running test, call
-`current_test_info()` on the `UnitTest` singleton object:
+`current_test_info()` on the [`UnitTest`](reference/testing.md#UnitTest)
+singleton object:
 
 ```c++
   // Gets information about the currently running test.
@@ -1946,12 +1631,14 @@
 
 ### Defining Event Listeners
 
-To define a event listener, you subclass either testing::TestEventListener or
-testing::EmptyTestEventListener The former is an (abstract) interface, where
-*each pure virtual method can be overridden to handle a test event* (For
-example, when a test starts, the `OnTestStart()` method will be called.). The
-latter provides an empty implementation of all methods in the interface, such
-that a subclass only needs to override the methods it cares about.
+To define a event listener, you subclass either
+[`testing::TestEventListener`](reference/testing.md#TestEventListener) or
+[`testing::EmptyTestEventListener`](reference/testing.md#EmptyTestEventListener)
+The former is an (abstract) interface, where *each pure virtual method can be
+overridden to handle a test event* (For example, when a test starts, the
+`OnTestStart()` method will be called.). The latter provides an empty
+implementation of all methods in the interface, such that a subclass only needs
+to override the methods it cares about.
 
 When an event is fired, its context is passed to the handler function as an
 argument. The following argument types are used:
@@ -1970,13 +1657,13 @@
 ```c++
   class MinimalistPrinter : public testing::EmptyTestEventListener {
     // Called before a test starts.
-    virtual void OnTestStart(const testing::TestInfo& test_info) {
+    void OnTestStart(const testing::TestInfo& test_info) override {
       printf("*** Test %s.%s starting.\n",
              test_info.test_suite_name(), test_info.name());
     }
 
     // Called after a failed assertion or a SUCCESS().
-    virtual void OnTestPartResult(const testing::TestPartResult& test_part_result) {
+    void OnTestPartResult(const testing::TestPartResult& test_part_result) override {
       printf("%s in %s:%d\n%s\n",
              test_part_result.failed() ? "*** Failure" : "Success",
              test_part_result.file_name(),
@@ -1985,7 +1672,7 @@
     }
 
     // Called after a test ends.
-    virtual void OnTestEnd(const testing::TestInfo& test_info) {
+    void OnTestEnd(const testing::TestInfo& test_info) override {
       printf("*** Test %s.%s ending.\n",
              test_info.test_suite_name(), test_info.name());
     }
@@ -1995,8 +1682,9 @@
 ### Using Event Listeners
 
 To use the event listener you have defined, add an instance of it to the
-googletest event listener list (represented by class TestEventListeners - note
-the "s" at the end of the name) in your `main()` function, before calling
+googletest event listener list (represented by class
+[`TestEventListeners`](reference/testing.md#TestEventListeners) - note the "s"
+at the end of the name) in your `main()` function, before calling
 `RUN_ALL_TESTS()`:
 
 ```c++
@@ -2026,7 +1714,7 @@
 Now, sit back and enjoy a completely different output from your tests. For more
 details, see [sample9_unittest.cc].
 
-[sample9_unittest.cc]: ../googletest/samples/sample9_unittest.cc "Event listener example"
+[sample9_unittest.cc]: https://github.com/google/googletest/blob/master/googletest/samples/sample9_unittest.cc "Event listener example"
 
 You may append more than one listener to the list. When an `On*Start()` or
 `OnTestPartResult()` event is fired, the listeners will receive it in the order
@@ -2053,7 +1741,7 @@
 
 See [sample10_unittest.cc] for an example of a failure-raising listener.
 
-[sample10_unittest.cc]: ../googletest/samples/sample10_unittest.cc "Failure-raising listener example"
+[sample10_unittest.cc]: https://github.com/google/googletest/blob/master/googletest/samples/sample10_unittest.cc "Failure-raising listener example"
 
 ## Running Test Programs: Advanced Options
 
@@ -2155,13 +1843,15 @@
 TEST_F(DISABLED_BarTest, DoesXyz) { ... }
 ```
 
+{: .callout .note}
 NOTE: This feature should only be used for temporary pain-relief. You still have
 to fix the disabled tests at a later date. As a reminder, googletest will print
 a banner warning you if a test program contains any disabled tests.
 
-TIP: You can easily count the number of disabled tests you have using `gsearch`
-and/or `grep`. This number can be used as a metric for improving your test
-quality.
+{: .callout .tip}
+TIP: You can easily count the number of disabled tests you have using
+`grep`. This number can be used as a metric for
+improving your test quality.
 
 #### Temporarily Enabling Disabled Tests
 
@@ -2228,38 +1918,25 @@
 googletest can use colors in its terminal output to make it easier to spot the
 important information:
 
-<code>
-...<br/>
-  <font color="green">[----------]</font><font color="black"> 1 test from
-  FooTest</font><br/>
-  <font color="green">[ RUN &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;]</font><font color="black">
-  FooTest.DoesAbc</font><br/>
-  <font color="green">[ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; OK ]</font><font color="black">
-  FooTest.DoesAbc </font><br/>
-  <font color="green">[----------]</font><font color="black">
-  2 tests from BarTest</font><br/>
-  <font color="green">[ RUN &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;]</font><font color="black">
-  BarTest.HasXyzProperty </font><br/>
-  <font color="green">[ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; OK ]</font><font color="black">
-  BarTest.HasXyzProperty</font><br/>
-  <font color="green">[ RUN &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;]</font><font color="black">
-  BarTest.ReturnsTrueOnSuccess ... some error messages ...</font><br/>
-  <font color="red">[ &nbsp; FAILED ]</font><font color="black">
-  BarTest.ReturnsTrueOnSuccess ...</font><br/>
-  <font color="green">[==========]</font><font color="black">
-  30 tests from 14 test suites ran.</font><br/>
-  <font color="green">[ &nbsp; PASSED ]</font><font color="black">
-  28 tests.</font><br/>
-  <font color="red">[ &nbsp; FAILED ]</font><font color="black">
-  2 tests, listed below:</font><br/>
-  <font color="red">[ &nbsp; FAILED ]</font><font color="black">
-  BarTest.ReturnsTrueOnSuccess</font><br/>
-  <font color="red">[ &nbsp; FAILED ]</font><font color="black">
-  AnotherTest.DoesXyz<br/>
-<br/>
-  2 FAILED TESTS
-  </font>
-</code>
+<pre>...
+<font color="green">[----------]</font> 1 test from FooTest
+<font color="green">[ RUN      ]</font> FooTest.DoesAbc
+<font color="green">[       OK ]</font> FooTest.DoesAbc
+<font color="green">[----------]</font> 2 tests from BarTest
+<font color="green">[ RUN      ]</font> BarTest.HasXyzProperty
+<font color="green">[       OK ]</font> BarTest.HasXyzProperty
+<font color="green">[ RUN      ]</font> BarTest.ReturnsTrueOnSuccess
+... some error messages ...
+<font color="red">[   FAILED ]</font> BarTest.ReturnsTrueOnSuccess
+...
+<font color="green">[==========]</font> 30 tests from 14 test suites ran.
+<font color="green">[   PASSED ]</font> 28 tests.
+<font color="red">[   FAILED ]</font> 2 tests, listed below:
+<font color="red">[   FAILED ]</font> BarTest.ReturnsTrueOnSuccess
+<font color="red">[   FAILED ]</font> AnotherTest.DoesXyz
+
+ 2 FAILED TESTS
+</pre>
 
 You can set the `GTEST_COLOR` environment variable or the `--gtest_color`
 command line flag to `yes`, `no`, or `auto` (the default) to enable colors,
@@ -2569,6 +2246,7 @@
 }
 ```
 
+{: .callout .important}
 IMPORTANT: The exact format of the JSON document is subject to change.
 
 ### Controlling How Failures Are Reported
diff --git a/docs/assets/css/style.scss b/docs/assets/css/style.scss
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bb30f41
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/assets/css/style.scss
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+---
+
+@import "jekyll-theme-primer";
+@import "main";
diff --git a/docs/community_created_documentation.md b/docs/community_created_documentation.md
index dfd87f7..4569075 100644
--- a/docs/community_created_documentation.md
+++ b/docs/community_created_documentation.md
@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 # Community-Created Documentation
 
-go/gunit-community-created-docs
-
 The following is a list, in no particular order, of links to documentation
 created by the Googletest community.
 
diff --git a/docs/faq.md b/docs/faq.md
index d91bd4d..9042da1 100644
--- a/docs/faq.md
+++ b/docs/faq.md
@@ -1,11 +1,8 @@
 # Googletest FAQ
 
-<!-- GOOGLETEST_CM0014 DO NOT DELETE -->
-
-<!-- GOOGLETEST_CM0035 DO NOT DELETE -->
-
 ## Why should test suite names and test names not contain underscore?
 
+{: .callout .note}
 Note: Googletest reserves underscore (`_`) for special purpose keywords, such as
 [the `DISABLED_` prefix](advanced.md#temporarily-disabling-tests), in addition
 to the following rationale.
@@ -63,9 +60,10 @@
 
 ## Why does googletest support `EXPECT_EQ(NULL, ptr)` and `ASSERT_EQ(NULL, ptr)` but not `EXPECT_NE(NULL, ptr)` and `ASSERT_NE(NULL, ptr)`?
 
-First of all you can use `EXPECT_NE(nullptr, ptr)` and `ASSERT_NE(nullptr,
-ptr)`. This is the preferred syntax in the style guide because nullptr does not
-have the type problems that NULL does. Which is why NULL does not work.
+First of all, you can use `nullptr` with each of these macros, e.g.
+`EXPECT_EQ(ptr, nullptr)`, `EXPECT_NE(ptr, nullptr)`, `ASSERT_EQ(ptr, nullptr)`,
+`ASSERT_NE(ptr, nullptr)`. This is the preferred syntax in the style guide
+because `nullptr` does not have the type problems that `NULL` does.
 
 Due to some peculiarity of C++, it requires some non-trivial template meta
 programming tricks to support using `NULL` as an argument of the `EXPECT_XX()`
@@ -73,22 +71,21 @@
 (otherwise we make the implementation of googletest harder to maintain and more
 error-prone than necessary).
 
-The `EXPECT_EQ()` macro takes the *expected* value as its first argument and the
-*actual* value as the second. It's reasonable that someone wants to write
-`EXPECT_EQ(NULL, some_expression)`, and this indeed was requested several times.
-Therefore we implemented it.
+Historically, the `EXPECT_EQ()` macro took the *expected* value as its first
+argument and the *actual* value as the second, though this argument order is now
+discouraged. It was reasonable that someone wanted
+to write `EXPECT_EQ(NULL, some_expression)`, and this indeed was requested
+several times. Therefore we implemented it.
 
-The need for `EXPECT_NE(NULL, ptr)` isn't nearly as strong. When the assertion
+The need for `EXPECT_NE(NULL, ptr)` wasn't nearly as strong. When the assertion
 fails, you already know that `ptr` must be `NULL`, so it doesn't add any
 information to print `ptr` in this case. That means `EXPECT_TRUE(ptr != NULL)`
 works just as well.
 
-If we were to support `EXPECT_NE(NULL, ptr)`, for consistency we'll have to
-support `EXPECT_NE(ptr, NULL)` as well, as unlike `EXPECT_EQ`, we don't have a
-convention on the order of the two arguments for `EXPECT_NE`. This means using
-the template meta programming tricks twice in the implementation, making it even
-harder to understand and maintain. We believe the benefit doesn't justify the
-cost.
+If we were to support `EXPECT_NE(NULL, ptr)`, for consistency we'd have to
+support `EXPECT_NE(ptr, NULL)` as well. This means using the template meta
+programming tricks twice in the implementation, making it even harder to
+understand and maintain. We believe the benefit doesn't justify the cost.
 
 Finally, with the growth of the gMock matcher library, we are encouraging people
 to use the unified `EXPECT_THAT(value, matcher)` syntax more often in tests. One
@@ -133,6 +130,7 @@
 
 ## I got some run-time errors about invalid proto descriptors when using `ProtocolMessageEquals`. Help!
 
+{: .callout .note}
 **Note:** `ProtocolMessageEquals` and `ProtocolMessageEquiv` are *deprecated*
 now. Please use `EqualsProto`, etc instead.
 
@@ -182,18 +180,6 @@
 to `htonl()`. It is difficult to make `EXPECT_EQ` bypass the `htonl()` bug, as
 the solution must work with different compilers on various platforms.
 
-`htonl()` has some other problems as described in `//util/endian/endian.h`,
-which defines `ghtonl()` to replace it. `ghtonl()` does the same thing `htonl()`
-does, only without its problems. We suggest you to use `ghtonl()` instead of
-`htonl()`, both in your tests and production code.
-
-`//util/endian/endian.h` also defines `ghtons()`, which solves similar problems
-in `htons()`.
-
-Don't forget to add `//util/endian` to the list of dependencies in the `BUILD`
-file wherever `ghtonl()` and `ghtons()` are used. The library consists of a
-single header file and will not bloat your binary.
-
 ## The compiler complains about "undefined references" to some static const member variables, but I did define them in the class body. What's wrong?
 
 If your class has a static data member:
@@ -281,7 +267,7 @@
 googletest has no limit on how deep the hierarchy can be.
 
 For a complete example using derived test fixtures, see
-[sample5_unittest.cc](../googletest/samples/sample5_unittest.cc).
+[sample5_unittest.cc](https://github.com/google/googletest/blob/master/googletest/samples/sample5_unittest.cc).
 
 ## My compiler complains "void value not ignored as it ought to be." What does this mean?
 
@@ -293,8 +279,9 @@
 ## My death test hangs (or seg-faults). How do I fix it?
 
 In googletest, death tests are run in a child process and the way they work is
-delicate. To write death tests you really need to understand how they work.
-Please make sure you have read [this](advanced.md#how-it-works).
+delicate. To write death tests you really need to understand how they work—see
+the details at [Death Assertions](reference/assertions.md#death) in the
+Assertions Reference.
 
 In particular, death tests don't like having multiple threads in the parent
 process. So the first thing you can try is to eliminate creating threads outside
@@ -350,8 +337,8 @@
 *   In the body of a constructor (or destructor), it's not possible to use the
     `ASSERT_xx` macros. Therefore, if the set-up operation could cause a fatal
     test failure that should prevent the test from running, it's necessary to
-    use `abort` <!-- GOOGLETEST_CM0015 DO NOT DELETE --> and abort the whole test executable,
-    or to use `SetUp()` instead of a constructor.
+    use `abort` and abort the whole test
+    executable, or to use `SetUp()` instead of a constructor.
 *   If the tear-down operation could throw an exception, you must use
     `TearDown()` as opposed to the destructor, as throwing in a destructor leads
     to undefined behavior and usually will kill your program right away. Note
@@ -367,72 +354,8 @@
 
 ## The compiler complains "no matching function to call" when I use ASSERT_PRED*. How do I fix it?
 
-If the predicate function you use in `ASSERT_PRED*` or `EXPECT_PRED*` is
-overloaded or a template, the compiler will have trouble figuring out which
-overloaded version it should use. `ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT*` and
-`EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT*` don't have this problem.
-
-If you see this error, you might want to switch to
-`(ASSERT|EXPECT)_PRED_FORMAT*`, which will also give you a better failure
-message. If, however, that is not an option, you can resolve the problem by
-explicitly telling the compiler which version to pick.
-
-For example, suppose you have
-
-```c++
-bool IsPositive(int n) {
-  return n > 0;
-}
-
-bool IsPositive(double x) {
-  return x > 0;
-}
-```
-
-you will get a compiler error if you write
-
-```c++
-EXPECT_PRED1(IsPositive, 5);
-```
-
-However, this will work:
-
-```c++
-EXPECT_PRED1(static_cast<bool (*)(int)>(IsPositive), 5);
-```
-
-(The stuff inside the angled brackets for the `static_cast` operator is the type
-of the function pointer for the `int`-version of `IsPositive()`.)
-
-As another example, when you have a template function
-
-```c++
-template <typename T>
-bool IsNegative(T x) {
-  return x < 0;
-}
-```
-
-you can use it in a predicate assertion like this:
-
-```c++
-ASSERT_PRED1(IsNegative<int>, -5);
-```
-
-Things are more interesting if your template has more than one parameter. The
-following won't compile:
-
-```c++
-ASSERT_PRED2(GreaterThan<int, int>, 5, 0);
-```
-
-as the C++ pre-processor thinks you are giving `ASSERT_PRED2` 4 arguments, which
-is one more than expected. The workaround is to wrap the predicate function in
-parentheses:
-
-```c++
-ASSERT_PRED2((GreaterThan<int, int>), 5, 0);
-```
+See details for [`EXPECT_PRED*`](reference/assertions.md#EXPECT_PRED) in the
+Assertions Reference.
 
 ## My compiler complains about "ignoring return value" when I call RUN_ALL_TESTS(). Why?
 
@@ -596,8 +519,6 @@
 }
 ```
 
-gtest-death-test_test.cc contains more examples if you are interested.
-
 ## I have a fixture class `FooTest`, but `TEST_F(FooTest, Bar)` gives me error ``"no matching function for call to `FooTest::FooTest()'"``. Why?
 
 Googletest needs to be able to create objects of your test fixture class, so it
@@ -679,14 +600,15 @@
 match). Admittedly, this is a hack. We'll consider a more permanent solution
 after the fork-and-exec-style death tests are implemented.
 
-## The compiler complains about "no match for 'operator<<'" when I use an assertion. What gives?
+## The compiler complains about `no match for 'operator<<'` when I use an assertion. What gives?
 
 If you use a user-defined type `FooType` in an assertion, you must make sure
 there is an `std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream&, const FooType&)` function
 defined such that we can print a value of `FooType`.
 
 In addition, if `FooType` is declared in a name space, the `<<` operator also
-needs to be defined in the *same* name space. See https://abseil.io/tips/49 for details.
+needs to be defined in the *same* name space. See
+[Tip of the Week #49](http://abseil.io/tips/49) for details.
 
 ## How do I suppress the memory leak messages on Windows?
 
@@ -707,10 +629,10 @@
 advise against the practice, and googletest doesn't provide a way to do it.
 
 In general, the recommended way to cause the code to behave differently under
-test is [Dependency Injection](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dependency_injection). You can inject
+test is [Dependency Injection](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dependency_injection). You can inject
 different functionality from the test and from the production code. Since your
 production code doesn't link in the for-test logic at all (the
-[`testonly`](https://docs.bazel.build/versions/master/be/common-definitions.html#common.testonly) attribute for BUILD targets helps to ensure
+[`testonly`](http://docs.bazel.build/versions/master/be/common-definitions.html#common.testonly) attribute for BUILD targets helps to ensure
 that), there is no danger in accidentally running it.
 
 However, if you *really*, *really*, *really* have no choice, and if you follow
@@ -721,12 +643,12 @@
 ## How do I temporarily disable a test?
 
 If you have a broken test that you cannot fix right away, you can add the
-DISABLED_ prefix to its name. This will exclude it from execution. This is
-better than commenting out the code or using #if 0, as disabled tests are still
-compiled (and thus won't rot).
+`DISABLED_` prefix to its name. This will exclude it from execution. This is
+better than commenting out the code or using `#if 0`, as disabled tests are
+still compiled (and thus won't rot).
 
 To include disabled tests in test execution, just invoke the test program with
-the --gtest_also_run_disabled_tests flag.
+the `--gtest_also_run_disabled_tests` flag.
 
 ## Is it OK if I have two separate `TEST(Foo, Bar)` test methods defined in different namespaces?
 
diff --git a/docs/gmock_cheat_sheet.md b/docs/gmock_cheat_sheet.md
index c13d85d..17ed7a5 100644
--- a/docs/gmock_cheat_sheet.md
+++ b/docs/gmock_cheat_sheet.md
@@ -1,11 +1,5 @@
 # gMock Cheat Sheet
 
-<!-- GOOGLETEST_CM0019 DO NOT DELETE -->
-
-<!-- GOOGLETEST_CM0035 DO NOT DELETE -->
-
-<!-- GOOGLETEST_CM0033 DO NOT DELETE -->
-
 ## Defining a Mock Class
 
 ### Mocking a Normal Class {#MockClass}
@@ -51,6 +45,7 @@
 StrictMock<MockFoo> strict_foo;  // The type is a subclass of MockFoo.
 ```
 
+{: .callout .note}
 **Note:** A mock object is currently naggy by default. We may make it nice by
 default in the future.
 
@@ -128,7 +123,7 @@
       .WillRepeatedly(Return("Category 5"));
   // ... other expectations ...
 
-  EXPECT_EQ("good", MyProductionFunction(&foo));  // #5
+  EXPECT_EQ(MyProductionFunction(&foo), "good");  // #5
 }                                                 // #6
 ```
 
@@ -138,22 +133,8 @@
 `bool`, a numeric value, or a pointer. In C++11, it will additionally returns
 the default-constructed value, if one exists for the given type.
 
-To customize the default action for functions with return type *`T`*:
-
-```cpp
-using ::testing::DefaultValue;
-
-// Sets the default value to be returned. T must be CopyConstructible.
-DefaultValue<T>::Set(value);
-// Sets a factory. Will be invoked on demand. T must be MoveConstructible.
-//  T MakeT();
-DefaultValue<T>::SetFactory(&MakeT);
-// ... use the mocks ...
-// Resets the default value.
-DefaultValue<T>::Clear();
-```
-
-Example usage:
+To customize the default action for functions with return type `T`, use
+[`DefaultValue<T>`](reference/mocking.md#DefaultValue). For example:
 
 ```cpp
   // Sets the default action for return type std::unique_ptr<Buzz> to
@@ -167,8 +148,8 @@
 
   auto buzz1 = mock_buzzer_.MakeBuzz("hello");
   auto buzz2 = mock_buzzer_.MakeBuzz("hello");
-  EXPECT_NE(nullptr, buzz1);
-  EXPECT_NE(nullptr, buzz2);
+  EXPECT_NE(buzz1, nullptr);
+  EXPECT_NE(buzz2, nullptr);
   EXPECT_NE(buzz1, buzz2);
 
   // Resets the default action for return type std::unique_ptr<Buzz>,
@@ -177,566 +158,36 @@
 ```
 
 To customize the default action for a particular method of a specific mock
-object, use `ON_CALL()`. `ON_CALL()` has a similar syntax to `EXPECT_CALL()`,
-but it is used for setting default behaviors (when you do not require that the
-mock method is called). See [here](gmock_cook_book.md#UseOnCall) for a more detailed
+object, use [`ON_CALL`](reference/mocking.md#ON_CALL). `ON_CALL` has a similar
+syntax to `EXPECT_CALL`, but it is used for setting default behaviors when you
+do not require that the mock method is called. See
+[Knowing When to Expect](gmock_cook_book.md#UseOnCall) for a more detailed
 discussion.
 
-```cpp
-ON_CALL(mock-object, method(matchers))
-    .With(multi-argument-matcher)   ?
-    .WillByDefault(action);
-```
-
 ## Setting Expectations {#ExpectCall}
 
-`EXPECT_CALL()` sets **expectations** on a mock method (How will it be called?
-What will it do?):
-
-```cpp
-EXPECT_CALL(mock-object, method (matchers)?)
-     .With(multi-argument-matcher)  ?
-     .Times(cardinality)            ?
-     .InSequence(sequences)         *
-     .After(expectations)           *
-     .WillOnce(action)              *
-     .WillRepeatedly(action)        ?
-     .RetiresOnSaturation();        ?
-```
-
-For each item above, `?` means it can be used at most once, while `*` means it
-can be used any number of times.
-
-In order to pass, `EXPECT_CALL` must be used before the calls are actually made.
-
-The `(matchers)` is a comma-separated list of matchers that correspond to each
-of the arguments of `method`, and sets the expectation only for calls of
-`method` that matches all of the matchers.
-
-If `(matchers)` is omitted, the expectation is the same as if the matchers were
-set to anything matchers (for example, `(_, _, _, _)` for a four-arg method).
-
-If `Times()` is omitted, the cardinality is assumed to be:
-
-*   `Times(1)` when there is neither `WillOnce()` nor `WillRepeatedly()`;
-*   `Times(n)` when there are `n` `WillOnce()`s but no `WillRepeatedly()`, where
-    `n` >= 1; or
-*   `Times(AtLeast(n))` when there are `n` `WillOnce()`s and a
-    `WillRepeatedly()`, where `n` >= 0.
-
-A method with no `EXPECT_CALL()` is free to be invoked *any number of times*,
-and the default action will be taken each time.
+See [`EXPECT_CALL`](reference/mocking.md#EXPECT_CALL) in the Mocking Reference.
 
 ## Matchers {#MatcherList}
 
-<!-- GOOGLETEST_CM0020 DO NOT DELETE -->
-
-A **matcher** matches a *single* argument. You can use it inside `ON_CALL()` or
-`EXPECT_CALL()`, or use it to validate a value directly using two macros:
-
-<!-- mdformat off(github rendering does not support multiline tables) -->
-| Macro                                | Description                           |
-| :----------------------------------- | :------------------------------------ |
-| `EXPECT_THAT(actual_value, matcher)` | Asserts that `actual_value` matches `matcher`. |
-| `ASSERT_THAT(actual_value, matcher)` | The same as `EXPECT_THAT(actual_value, matcher)`, except that it generates a **fatal** failure. |
-<!-- mdformat on -->
-
-**Note:** Although equality matching via `EXPECT_THAT(actual_value,
-expected_value)` is supported, prefer to make the comparison explicit via
-`EXPECT_THAT(actual_value, Eq(expected_value))` or `EXPECT_EQ(actual_value,
-expected_value)`.
-
-Built-in matchers (where `argument` is the function argument, e.g.
-`actual_value` in the example above, or when used in the context of
-`EXPECT_CALL(mock_object, method(matchers))`, the arguments of `method`) are
-divided into several categories:
-
-### Wildcard
-
-Matcher                     | Description
-:-------------------------- | :-----------------------------------------------
-`_`                         | `argument` can be any value of the correct type.
-`A<type>()` or `An<type>()` | `argument` can be any value of type `type`.
-
-### Generic Comparison
-
-<!-- mdformat off(no multiline tables) -->
-| Matcher                | Description                                         |
-| :--------------------- | :-------------------------------------------------- |
-| `Eq(value)` or `value` | `argument == value`                                 |
-| `Ge(value)`            | `argument >= value`                                 |
-| `Gt(value)`            | `argument > value`                                  |
-| `Le(value)`            | `argument <= value`                                 |
-| `Lt(value)`            | `argument < value`                                  |
-| `Ne(value)`            | `argument != value`                                 |
-| `IsFalse()`            | `argument` evaluates to `false` in a Boolean context. |
-| `IsTrue()`             | `argument` evaluates to `true` in a Boolean context. |
-| `IsNull()`             | `argument` is a `NULL` pointer (raw or smart).      |
-| `NotNull()`            | `argument` is a non-null pointer (raw or smart).    |
-| `Optional(m)`          | `argument` is `optional<>` that contains a value matching `m`. (For testing whether an `optional<>` is set, check for equality with `nullopt`. You may need to use `Eq(nullopt)` if the inner type doesn't have `==`.)|
-| `VariantWith<T>(m)`    | `argument` is `variant<>` that holds the alternative of type T with a value matching `m`. |
-| `Ref(variable)`        | `argument` is a reference to `variable`.            |
-| `TypedEq<type>(value)` | `argument` has type `type` and is equal to `value`. You may need to use this instead of `Eq(value)` when the mock function is overloaded. |
-<!-- mdformat on -->
-
-Except `Ref()`, these matchers make a *copy* of `value` in case it's modified or
-destructed later. If the compiler complains that `value` doesn't have a public
-copy constructor, try wrap it in `std::ref()`, e.g.
-`Eq(std::ref(non_copyable_value))`. If you do that, make sure
-`non_copyable_value` is not changed afterwards, or the meaning of your matcher
-will be changed.
-
-`IsTrue` and `IsFalse` are useful when you need to use a matcher, or for types
-that can be explicitly converted to Boolean, but are not implicitly converted to
-Boolean. In other cases, you can use the basic
-[`EXPECT_TRUE` and `EXPECT_FALSE`](../../googletest/docs/primer#basic-assertions)
-assertions.
-
-### Floating-Point Matchers {#FpMatchers}
-
-<!-- mdformat off(no multiline tables) -->
-| Matcher                          | Description                        |
-| :------------------------------- | :--------------------------------- |
-| `DoubleEq(a_double)`             | `argument` is a `double` value approximately equal to `a_double`, treating two NaNs as unequal. |
-| `FloatEq(a_float)`               | `argument` is a `float` value approximately equal to `a_float`, treating two NaNs as unequal. |
-| `NanSensitiveDoubleEq(a_double)` | `argument` is a `double` value approximately equal to `a_double`, treating two NaNs as equal. |
-| `NanSensitiveFloatEq(a_float)`   | `argument` is a `float` value approximately equal to `a_float`, treating two NaNs as equal. |
-| `IsNan()`   | `argument` is any floating-point type with a NaN value. |
-<!-- mdformat on -->
-
-The above matchers use ULP-based comparison (the same as used in googletest).
-They automatically pick a reasonable error bound based on the absolute value of
-the expected value. `DoubleEq()` and `FloatEq()` conform to the IEEE standard,
-which requires comparing two NaNs for equality to return false. The
-`NanSensitive*` version instead treats two NaNs as equal, which is often what a
-user wants.
-
-<!-- mdformat off(no multiline tables) -->
-| Matcher                                           | Description              |
-| :------------------------------------------------ | :----------------------- |
-| `DoubleNear(a_double, max_abs_error)`             | `argument` is a `double` value close to `a_double` (absolute error <= `max_abs_error`), treating two NaNs as unequal. |
-| `FloatNear(a_float, max_abs_error)`               | `argument` is a `float` value close to `a_float` (absolute error <= `max_abs_error`), treating two NaNs as unequal. |
-| `NanSensitiveDoubleNear(a_double, max_abs_error)` | `argument` is a `double` value close to `a_double` (absolute error <= `max_abs_error`), treating two NaNs as equal. |
-| `NanSensitiveFloatNear(a_float, max_abs_error)`   | `argument` is a `float` value close to `a_float` (absolute error <= `max_abs_error`), treating two NaNs as equal. |
-<!-- mdformat on -->
-
-### String Matchers
-
-The `argument` can be either a C string or a C++ string object:
-
-<!-- mdformat off(no multiline tables) -->
-| Matcher                 | Description                                        |
-| :---------------------- | :------------------------------------------------- |
-| `ContainsRegex(string)` | `argument` matches the given regular expression.   |
-| `EndsWith(suffix)`      | `argument` ends with string `suffix`.              |
-| `HasSubstr(string)`     | `argument` contains `string` as a sub-string.      |
-| `MatchesRegex(string)`  | `argument` matches the given regular expression with the match starting at the first character and ending at the last character. |
-| `StartsWith(prefix)`    | `argument` starts with string `prefix`.            |
-| `StrCaseEq(string)`     | `argument` is equal to `string`, ignoring case.    |
-| `StrCaseNe(string)`     | `argument` is not equal to `string`, ignoring case. |
-| `StrEq(string)`         | `argument` is equal to `string`.                   |
-| `StrNe(string)`         | `argument` is not equal to `string`.               |
-<!-- mdformat on -->
-
-`ContainsRegex()` and `MatchesRegex()` take ownership of the `RE` object. They
-use the regular expression syntax defined
-[here](../../googletest/docs/advanced.md#regular-expression-syntax). All of
-these matchers, except `ContainsRegex()` and `MatchesRegex()` work for wide
-strings as well.
-
-### Container Matchers
-
-Most STL-style containers support `==`, so you can use `Eq(expected_container)`
-or simply `expected_container` to match a container exactly. If you want to
-write the elements in-line, match them more flexibly, or get more informative
-messages, you can use:
-
-<!-- mdformat off(no multiline tables) -->
-| Matcher                                   | Description                      |
-| :---------------------------------------- | :------------------------------- |
-| `BeginEndDistanceIs(m)` | `argument` is a container whose `begin()` and `end()` iterators are separated by a number of increments matching `m`. E.g. `BeginEndDistanceIs(2)` or `BeginEndDistanceIs(Lt(2))`. For containers that define a `size()` method, `SizeIs(m)` may be more efficient. |
-| `ContainerEq(container)` | The same as `Eq(container)` except that the failure message also includes which elements are in one container but not the other. |
-| `Contains(e)` | `argument` contains an element that matches `e`, which can be either a value or a matcher. |
-| `Each(e)` | `argument` is a container where *every* element matches `e`, which can be either a value or a matcher. |
-| `ElementsAre(e0, e1, ..., en)` | `argument` has `n + 1` elements, where the *i*-th element matches `ei`, which can be a value or a matcher. |
-| `ElementsAreArray({e0, e1, ..., en})`, `ElementsAreArray(a_container)`, `ElementsAreArray(begin, end)`, `ElementsAreArray(array)`, or `ElementsAreArray(array, count)` | The same as `ElementsAre()` except that the expected element values/matchers come from an initializer list, STL-style container, iterator range, or C-style array. |
-| `IsEmpty()` | `argument` is an empty container (`container.empty()`). |
-| `IsSubsetOf({e0, e1, ..., en})`, `IsSubsetOf(a_container)`, `IsSubsetOf(begin, end)`, `IsSubsetOf(array)`, or `IsSubsetOf(array, count)` | `argument` matches `UnorderedElementsAre(x0, x1, ..., xk)` for some subset `{x0, x1, ..., xk}` of the expected matchers. |
-| `IsSupersetOf({e0, e1, ..., en})`, `IsSupersetOf(a_container)`, `IsSupersetOf(begin, end)`, `IsSupersetOf(array)`, or `IsSupersetOf(array, count)` | Some subset of `argument` matches `UnorderedElementsAre(`expected matchers`)`. |
-| `Pointwise(m, container)`, `Pointwise(m, {e0, e1, ..., en})` | `argument` contains the same number of elements as in `container`, and for all i, (the i-th element in `argument`, the i-th element in `container`) match `m`, which is a matcher on 2-tuples. E.g. `Pointwise(Le(), upper_bounds)` verifies that each element in `argument` doesn't exceed the corresponding element in `upper_bounds`. See more detail below. |
-| `SizeIs(m)` | `argument` is a container whose size matches `m`. E.g. `SizeIs(2)` or `SizeIs(Lt(2))`. |
-| `UnorderedElementsAre(e0, e1, ..., en)` | `argument` has `n + 1` elements, and under *some* permutation of the elements, each element matches an `ei` (for a different `i`), which can be a value or a matcher. |
-| `UnorderedElementsAreArray({e0, e1, ..., en})`, `UnorderedElementsAreArray(a_container)`, `UnorderedElementsAreArray(begin, end)`, `UnorderedElementsAreArray(array)`, or `UnorderedElementsAreArray(array, count)` | The same as `UnorderedElementsAre()` except that the expected element values/matchers come from an initializer list, STL-style container, iterator range, or C-style array. |
-| `UnorderedPointwise(m, container)`, `UnorderedPointwise(m, {e0, e1, ..., en})` | Like `Pointwise(m, container)`, but ignores the order of elements. |
-| `WhenSorted(m)` | When `argument` is sorted using the `<` operator, it matches container matcher `m`. E.g. `WhenSorted(ElementsAre(1, 2, 3))` verifies that `argument` contains elements 1, 2, and 3, ignoring order. |
-| `WhenSortedBy(comparator, m)` | The same as `WhenSorted(m)`, except that the given comparator instead of `<` is used to sort `argument`. E.g. `WhenSortedBy(std::greater(), ElementsAre(3, 2, 1))`. |
-<!-- mdformat on -->
-
-**Notes:**
-
-*   These matchers can also match:
-    1.  a native array passed by reference (e.g. in `Foo(const int (&a)[5])`),
-        and
-    2.  an array passed as a pointer and a count (e.g. in `Bar(const T* buffer,
-        int len)` -- see [Multi-argument Matchers](#MultiArgMatchers)).
-*   The array being matched may be multi-dimensional (i.e. its elements can be
-    arrays).
-*   `m` in `Pointwise(m, ...)` should be a matcher for `::std::tuple<T, U>`
-    where `T` and `U` are the element type of the actual container and the
-    expected container, respectively. For example, to compare two `Foo`
-    containers where `Foo` doesn't support `operator==`, one might write:
-
-    ```cpp
-    using ::std::get;
-    MATCHER(FooEq, "") {
-      return std::get<0>(arg).Equals(std::get<1>(arg));
-    }
-    ...
-    EXPECT_THAT(actual_foos, Pointwise(FooEq(), expected_foos));
-    ```
-
-### Member Matchers
-
-<!-- mdformat off(no multiline tables) -->
-| Matcher                         | Description                                |
-| :------------------------------ | :----------------------------------------- |
-| `Field(&class::field, m)`       | `argument.field` (or `argument->field` when `argument` is a plain pointer) matches matcher `m`, where `argument` is an object of type _class_. |
-| `Key(e)`                        | `argument.first` matches `e`, which can be either a value or a matcher. E.g. `Contains(Key(Le(5)))` can verify that a `map` contains a key `<= 5`. |
-| `Pair(m1, m2)`                  | `argument` is an `std::pair` whose `first` field matches `m1` and `second` field matches `m2`. |
-| `FieldsAre(m...)`                   | `argument` is a compatible object where each field matches piecewise with `m...`. A compatible object is any that supports the `std::tuple_size<Obj>`+`get<I>(obj)` protocol. In C++17 and up this also supports types compatible with structured bindings, like aggregates. |
-| `Property(&class::property, m)` | `argument.property()` (or `argument->property()` when `argument` is a plain pointer) matches matcher `m`, where `argument` is an object of type _class_. |
-<!-- mdformat on -->
-
-### Matching the Result of a Function, Functor, or Callback
-
-<!-- mdformat off(no multiline tables) -->
-| Matcher          | Description                                       |
-| :--------------- | :------------------------------------------------ |
-| `ResultOf(f, m)` | `f(argument)` matches matcher `m`, where `f` is a function or functor. |
-<!-- mdformat on -->
-
-### Pointer Matchers
-
-<!-- mdformat off(no multiline tables) -->
-| Matcher                   | Description                                     |
-| :------------------------ | :---------------------------------------------- |
-| `Address(m)`              | the result of `std::addressof(argument)` matches `m`. |
-| `Pointee(m)`              | `argument` (either a smart pointer or a raw pointer) points to a value that matches matcher `m`. |
-| `Pointer(m)`              | `argument` (either a smart pointer or a raw pointer) contains a pointer that matches `m`. `m` will match against the raw pointer regardless of the type of `argument`. |
-| `WhenDynamicCastTo<T>(m)` | when `argument` is passed through `dynamic_cast<T>()`, it matches matcher `m`. |
-<!-- mdformat on -->
-
-<!-- GOOGLETEST_CM0026 DO NOT DELETE -->
-
-<!-- GOOGLETEST_CM0027 DO NOT DELETE -->
-
-### Multi-argument Matchers {#MultiArgMatchers}
-
-Technically, all matchers match a *single* value. A "multi-argument" matcher is
-just one that matches a *tuple*. The following matchers can be used to match a
-tuple `(x, y)`:
-
-Matcher | Description
-:------ | :----------
-`Eq()`  | `x == y`
-`Ge()`  | `x >= y`
-`Gt()`  | `x > y`
-`Le()`  | `x <= y`
-`Lt()`  | `x < y`
-`Ne()`  | `x != y`
-
-You can use the following selectors to pick a subset of the arguments (or
-reorder them) to participate in the matching:
-
-<!-- mdformat off(no multiline tables) -->
-| Matcher                    | Description                                     |
-| :------------------------- | :---------------------------------------------- |
-| `AllArgs(m)`               | Equivalent to `m`. Useful as syntactic sugar in `.With(AllArgs(m))`. |
-| `Args<N1, N2, ..., Nk>(m)` | The tuple of the `k` selected (using 0-based indices) arguments matches `m`, e.g. `Args<1, 2>(Eq())`. |
-<!-- mdformat on -->
-
-### Composite Matchers
-
-You can make a matcher from one or more other matchers:
-
-<!-- mdformat off(no multiline tables) -->
-| Matcher                          | Description                             |
-| :------------------------------- | :-------------------------------------- |
-| `AllOf(m1, m2, ..., mn)` | `argument` matches all of the matchers `m1` to `mn`. |
-| `AllOfArray({m0, m1, ..., mn})`, `AllOfArray(a_container)`, `AllOfArray(begin, end)`, `AllOfArray(array)`, or `AllOfArray(array, count)` | The same as `AllOf()` except that the matchers come from an initializer list, STL-style container, iterator range, or C-style array. |
-| `AnyOf(m1, m2, ..., mn)` | `argument` matches at least one of the matchers `m1` to `mn`. |
-| `AnyOfArray({m0, m1, ..., mn})`, `AnyOfArray(a_container)`, `AnyOfArray(begin, end)`, `AnyOfArray(array)`, or `AnyOfArray(array, count)` | The same as `AnyOf()` except that the matchers come from an initializer list, STL-style container, iterator range, or C-style array. |
-| `Not(m)` | `argument` doesn't match matcher `m`. |
-<!-- mdformat on -->
-
-<!-- GOOGLETEST_CM0028 DO NOT DELETE -->
-
-### Adapters for Matchers
-
-<!-- mdformat off(no multiline tables) -->
-| Matcher                 | Description                           |
-| :---------------------- | :------------------------------------ |
-| `MatcherCast<T>(m)`     | casts matcher `m` to type `Matcher<T>`. |
-| `SafeMatcherCast<T>(m)` | [safely casts](gmock_cook_book.md#casting-matchers) matcher `m` to type `Matcher<T>`. |
-| `Truly(predicate)`      | `predicate(argument)` returns something considered by C++ to be true, where `predicate` is a function or functor. |
-<!-- mdformat on -->
-
-`AddressSatisfies(callback)` and `Truly(callback)` take ownership of `callback`,
-which must be a permanent callback.
-
-### Using Matchers as Predicates {#MatchersAsPredicatesCheat}
-
-<!-- mdformat off(no multiline tables) -->
-| Matcher                       | Description                                 |
-| :---------------------------- | :------------------------------------------ |
-| `Matches(m)(value)` | evaluates to `true` if `value` matches `m`. You can use `Matches(m)` alone as a unary functor. |
-| `ExplainMatchResult(m, value, result_listener)` | evaluates to `true` if `value` matches `m`, explaining the result to `result_listener`. |
-| `Value(value, m)` | evaluates to `true` if `value` matches `m`. |
-<!-- mdformat on -->
-
-### Defining Matchers
-
-<!-- mdformat off(no multiline tables) -->
-| Matcher                              | Description                           |
-| :----------------------------------- | :------------------------------------ |
-| `MATCHER(IsEven, "") { return (arg % 2) == 0; }` | Defines a matcher `IsEven()` to match an even number. |
-| `MATCHER_P(IsDivisibleBy, n, "") { *result_listener << "where the remainder is " << (arg % n); return (arg % n) == 0; }` | Defines a matcher `IsDivisibleBy(n)` to match a number divisible by `n`. |
-| `MATCHER_P2(IsBetween, a, b, absl::StrCat(negation ? "isn't" : "is", " between ", PrintToString(a), " and ", PrintToString(b))) { return a <= arg && arg <= b; }` | Defines a matcher `IsBetween(a, b)` to match a value in the range [`a`, `b`]. |
-<!-- mdformat on -->
-
-**Notes:**
-
-1.  The `MATCHER*` macros cannot be used inside a function or class.
-2.  The matcher body must be *purely functional* (i.e. it cannot have any side
-    effect, and the result must not depend on anything other than the value
-    being matched and the matcher parameters).
-3.  You can use `PrintToString(x)` to convert a value `x` of any type to a
-    string.
+See the [Matchers Reference](reference/matchers.md).
 
 ## Actions {#ActionList}
 
-**Actions** specify what a mock function should do when invoked.
-
-### Returning a Value
-
-<!-- mdformat off(no multiline tables) -->
-|                                   |                                               |
-| :-------------------------------- | :-------------------------------------------- |
-| `Return()`                        | Return from a `void` mock function.           |
-| `Return(value)`                   | Return `value`. If the type of `value` is     different to the mock function's return type, `value` is converted to the latter type <i>at the time the expectation is set</i>, not when the action is executed. |
-| `ReturnArg<N>()`                  | Return the `N`-th (0-based) argument.         |
-| `ReturnNew<T>(a1, ..., ak)`       | Return `new T(a1, ..., ak)`; a different      object is created each time. |
-| `ReturnNull()`                    | Return a null pointer.                        |
-| `ReturnPointee(ptr)`              | Return the value pointed to by `ptr`.         |
-| `ReturnRef(variable)`             | Return a reference to `variable`.             |
-| `ReturnRefOfCopy(value)`          | Return a reference to a copy of `value`; the  copy lives as long as the action. |
-| `ReturnRoundRobin({a1, ..., ak})` | Each call will return the next `ai` in the list, starting at the beginning when the end of the list is reached. |
-<!-- mdformat on -->
-
-### Side Effects
-
-<!-- mdformat off(no multiline tables) -->
-|                                    |                                         |
-| :--------------------------------- | :-------------------------------------- |
-| `Assign(&variable, value)` | Assign `value` to variable. |
-| `DeleteArg<N>()` | Delete the `N`-th (0-based) argument, which must be a pointer. |
-| `SaveArg<N>(pointer)` | Save the `N`-th (0-based) argument to `*pointer`. |
-| `SaveArgPointee<N>(pointer)` | Save the value pointed to by the `N`-th (0-based) argument to `*pointer`. |
-| `SetArgReferee<N>(value)` | Assign `value` to the variable referenced by the `N`-th (0-based) argument. |
-| `SetArgPointee<N>(value)` | Assign `value` to the variable pointed by the `N`-th (0-based) argument. |
-| `SetArgumentPointee<N>(value)` | Same as `SetArgPointee<N>(value)`. Deprecated. Will be removed in v1.7.0. |
-| `SetArrayArgument<N>(first, last)` | Copies the elements in source range [`first`, `last`) to the array pointed to by the `N`-th (0-based) argument, which can be either a pointer or an iterator. The action does not take ownership of the elements in the source range. |
-| `SetErrnoAndReturn(error, value)` | Set `errno` to `error` and return `value`. |
-| `Throw(exception)` | Throws the given exception, which can be any copyable value. Available since v1.1.0. |
-<!-- mdformat on -->
-
-### Using a Function, Functor, or Lambda as an Action
-
-In the following, by "callable" we mean a free function, `std::function`,
-functor, or lambda.
-
-<!-- mdformat off(no multiline tables) -->
-|                                     |                                        |
-| :---------------------------------- | :------------------------------------- |
-| `f` | Invoke f with the arguments passed to the mock function, where f is a callable. |
-| `Invoke(f)` | Invoke `f` with the arguments passed to the mock function, where `f` can be a global/static function or a functor. |
-| `Invoke(object_pointer, &class::method)` | Invoke the method on the object with the arguments passed to the mock function. |
-| `InvokeWithoutArgs(f)` | Invoke `f`, which can be a global/static function or a functor. `f` must take no arguments. |
-| `InvokeWithoutArgs(object_pointer, &class::method)` | Invoke the method on the object, which takes no arguments. |
-| `InvokeArgument<N>(arg1, arg2, ..., argk)` | Invoke the mock function's `N`-th (0-based) argument, which must be a function or a functor, with the `k` arguments. |
-<!-- mdformat on -->
-
-The return value of the invoked function is used as the return value of the
-action.
-
-When defining a callable to be used with `Invoke*()`, you can declare any unused
-parameters as `Unused`:
-
-```cpp
-using ::testing::Invoke;
-double Distance(Unused, double x, double y) { return sqrt(x*x + y*y); }
-...
-EXPECT_CALL(mock, Foo("Hi", _, _)).WillOnce(Invoke(Distance));
-```
-
-`Invoke(callback)` and `InvokeWithoutArgs(callback)` take ownership of
-`callback`, which must be permanent. The type of `callback` must be a base
-callback type instead of a derived one, e.g.
-
-```cpp
-  BlockingClosure* done = new BlockingClosure;
-  ... Invoke(done) ...;  // This won't compile!
-
-  Closure* done2 = new BlockingClosure;
-  ... Invoke(done2) ...;  // This works.
-```
-
-In `InvokeArgument<N>(...)`, if an argument needs to be passed by reference,
-wrap it inside `std::ref()`. For example,
-
-```cpp
-using ::testing::InvokeArgument;
-...
-InvokeArgument<2>(5, string("Hi"), std::ref(foo))
-```
-
-calls the mock function's #2 argument, passing to it `5` and `string("Hi")` by
-value, and `foo` by reference.
-
-### Default Action
-
-<!-- mdformat off(no multiline tables) -->
-| Matcher       | Description                                            |
-| :------------ | :----------------------------------------------------- |
-| `DoDefault()` | Do the default action (specified by `ON_CALL()` or the built-in one). |
-<!-- mdformat on -->
-
-**Note:** due to technical reasons, `DoDefault()` cannot be used inside a
-composite action - trying to do so will result in a run-time error.
-
-<!-- GOOGLETEST_CM0032 DO NOT DELETE -->
-
-### Composite Actions
-
-<!-- mdformat off(no multiline tables) -->
-|                                |                                             |
-| :----------------------------- | :------------------------------------------ |
-| `DoAll(a1, a2, ..., an)`       | Do all actions `a1` to `an` and return the result of `an` in each invocation. The first `n - 1` sub-actions must return void and will receive a  readonly view of the arguments. |
-| `IgnoreResult(a)`              | Perform action `a` and ignore its result. `a` must not return void. |
-| `WithArg<N>(a)`                | Pass the `N`-th (0-based) argument of the mock function to action `a` and perform it. |
-| `WithArgs<N1, N2, ..., Nk>(a)` | Pass the selected (0-based) arguments of the mock function to action `a` and perform it. |
-| `WithoutArgs(a)`               | Perform action `a` without any arguments. |
-<!-- mdformat on -->
-
-### Defining Actions
-
-<!-- mdformat off(no multiline tables) -->
-|                                    |                                         |
-| :--------------------------------- | :-------------------------------------- |
-| `ACTION(Sum) { return arg0 + arg1; }` | Defines an action `Sum()` to return the sum of the mock function's argument #0 and #1. |
-| `ACTION_P(Plus, n) { return arg0 + n; }` | Defines an action `Plus(n)` to return the sum of the mock function's argument #0 and `n`. |
-| `ACTION_Pk(Foo, p1, ..., pk) { statements; }` | Defines a parameterized action `Foo(p1, ..., pk)` to execute the given `statements`. |
-<!-- mdformat on -->
-
-The `ACTION*` macros cannot be used inside a function or class.
+See the [Actions Reference](reference/actions.md).
 
 ## Cardinalities {#CardinalityList}
 
-These are used in `Times()` to specify how many times a mock function will be
-called:
-
-<!-- mdformat off(no multiline tables) -->
-|                   |                                                        |
-| :---------------- | :----------------------------------------------------- |
-| `AnyNumber()`     | The function can be called any number of times.        |
-| `AtLeast(n)`      | The call is expected at least `n` times.               |
-| `AtMost(n)`       | The call is expected at most `n` times.                |
-| `Between(m, n)`   | The call is expected between `m` and `n` (inclusive) times. |
-| `Exactly(n) or n` | The call is expected exactly `n` times. In particular, the call should never happen when `n` is 0. |
-<!-- mdformat on -->
+See the [`Times` clause](reference/mocking.md#EXPECT_CALL.Times) of
+`EXPECT_CALL` in the Mocking Reference.
 
 ## Expectation Order
 
-By default, the expectations can be matched in *any* order. If some or all
-expectations must be matched in a given order, there are two ways to specify it.
-They can be used either independently or together.
-
-### The After Clause {#AfterClause}
-
-```cpp
-using ::testing::Expectation;
-...
-Expectation init_x = EXPECT_CALL(foo, InitX());
-Expectation init_y = EXPECT_CALL(foo, InitY());
-EXPECT_CALL(foo, Bar())
-     .After(init_x, init_y);
-```
-
-says that `Bar()` can be called only after both `InitX()` and `InitY()` have
-been called.
-
-If you don't know how many pre-requisites an expectation has when you write it,
-you can use an `ExpectationSet` to collect them:
-
-```cpp
-using ::testing::ExpectationSet;
-...
-ExpectationSet all_inits;
-for (int i = 0; i < element_count; i++) {
-  all_inits += EXPECT_CALL(foo, InitElement(i));
-}
-EXPECT_CALL(foo, Bar())
-     .After(all_inits);
-```
-
-says that `Bar()` can be called only after all elements have been initialized
-(but we don't care about which elements get initialized before the others).
-
-Modifying an `ExpectationSet` after using it in an `.After()` doesn't affect the
-meaning of the `.After()`.
-
-### Sequences {#UsingSequences}
-
-When you have a long chain of sequential expectations, it's easier to specify
-the order using **sequences**, which don't require you to given each expectation
-in the chain a different name. *All expected calls* in the same sequence must
-occur in the order they are specified.
-
-```cpp
-using ::testing::Return;
-using ::testing::Sequence;
-Sequence s1, s2;
-...
-EXPECT_CALL(foo, Reset())
-    .InSequence(s1, s2)
-    .WillOnce(Return(true));
-EXPECT_CALL(foo, GetSize())
-    .InSequence(s1)
-    .WillOnce(Return(1));
-EXPECT_CALL(foo, Describe(A<const char*>()))
-    .InSequence(s2)
-    .WillOnce(Return("dummy"));
-```
-
-says that `Reset()` must be called before *both* `GetSize()` *and* `Describe()`,
-and the latter two can occur in any order.
-
-To put many expectations in a sequence conveniently:
-
-```cpp
-using ::testing::InSequence;
-{
-  InSequence seq;
-
-  EXPECT_CALL(...)...;
-  EXPECT_CALL(...)...;
-  ...
-  EXPECT_CALL(...)...;
-}
-```
-
-says that all expected calls in the scope of `seq` must occur in strict order.
-The name `seq` is irrelevant.
+By default, expectations can be matched in *any* order. If some or all
+expectations must be matched in a given order, you can use the
+[`After` clause](reference/mocking.md#EXPECT_CALL.After) or
+[`InSequence` clause](reference/mocking.md#EXPECT_CALL.InSequence) of
+`EXPECT_CALL`, or use an [`InSequence` object](reference/mocking.md#InSequence).
 
 ## Verifying and Resetting a Mock
 
@@ -756,6 +207,11 @@
 Mock::VerifyAndClear(&mock_obj);
 ```
 
+Do not set new expectations after verifying and clearing a mock after its use.
+Setting expectations after code that exercises the mock has undefined behavior.
+See [Using Mocks in Tests](gmock_for_dummies.md#using-mocks-in-tests) for more
+information.
+
 You can also tell gMock that a mock object can be leaked and doesn't need to be
 verified:
 
@@ -774,13 +230,12 @@
 };
 ```
 
-See this [recipe](gmock_cook_book.md#using-check-points) for one application of it.
+See this [recipe](gmock_cook_book.md#using-check-points) for one application of
+it.
 
 ## Flags
 
-<!-- mdformat off(no multiline tables) -->
 | Flag                           | Description                               |
 | :----------------------------- | :---------------------------------------- |
 | `--gmock_catch_leaked_mocks=0` | Don't report leaked mock objects as failures. |
 | `--gmock_verbose=LEVEL` | Sets the default verbosity level (`info`, `warning`, or `error`) of Google Mock messages. |
-<!-- mdformat on -->
diff --git a/docs/gmock_cook_book.md b/docs/gmock_cook_book.md
index b7d9f44..c08958e 100644
--- a/docs/gmock_cook_book.md
+++ b/docs/gmock_cook_book.md
@@ -1,18 +1,15 @@
 # gMock Cookbook
 
-<!-- GOOGLETEST_CM0012 DO NOT DELETE -->
-
 You can find recipes for using gMock here. If you haven't yet, please read
 [the dummy guide](gmock_for_dummies.md) first to make sure you understand the
 basics.
 
+{: .callout .note}
 **Note:** gMock lives in the `testing` name space. For readability, it is
 recommended to write `using ::testing::Foo;` once in your file before using the
 name `Foo` defined by gMock. We omit such `using` statements in this section for
 brevity, but you should do it in your own code.
 
-<!-- GOOGLETEST_CM0035 DO NOT DELETE -->
-
 ## Creating Mock Classes
 
 Mock classes are defined as normal classes, using the `MOCK_METHOD` macro to
@@ -47,7 +44,8 @@
 Unprotected commas, i.e. commas which are not surrounded by parentheses, prevent
 `MOCK_METHOD` from parsing its arguments correctly:
 
-```cpp {.bad}
+{: .bad}
+```cpp
 class MockFoo {
  public:
   MOCK_METHOD(std::pair<bool, int>, GetPair, ());  // Won't compile!
@@ -57,7 +55,8 @@
 
 Solution 1 - wrap with parentheses:
 
-```cpp {.good}
+{: .good}
+```cpp
 class MockFoo {
  public:
   MOCK_METHOD((std::pair<bool, int>), GetPair, ());
@@ -70,7 +69,8 @@
 
 Solution 2 - define an alias:
 
-```cpp {.good}
+{: .good}
+```cpp
 class MockFoo {
  public:
   using BoolAndInt = std::pair<bool, int>;
@@ -144,6 +144,7 @@
 };
 ```
 
+{: .callout .note}
 **Note:** if you don't mock all versions of the overloaded method, the compiler
 will give you a warning about some methods in the base class being hidden. To
 fix that, use `using` to bring them in scope:
@@ -183,8 +184,7 @@
 
 ### Mocking Non-virtual Methods {#MockingNonVirtualMethods}
 
-gMock can mock non-virtual functions to be used in Hi-perf dependency
-injection.<!-- GOOGLETEST_CM0017 DO NOT DELETE -->
+gMock can mock non-virtual functions to be used in Hi-perf dependency injection.
 
 In this case, instead of sharing a common base class with the real class, your
 mock class will be *unrelated* to the real class, but contain methods with the
@@ -251,9 +251,9 @@
 
 ### Mocking Free Functions
 
-It's possible to use gMock to mock a free function (i.e. a C-style function or a
-static method). You just need to rewrite your code to use an interface (abstract
-class).
+It is not possible to directly mock a free function (i.e. a C-style function or
+a static method). If you need to, you can rewrite your code to use an interface
+(abstract class).
 
 Instead of calling a free function (say, `OpenFile`) directly, introduce an
 interface for it and have a concrete subclass that calls the free function:
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@
 class File : public FileInterface {
  public:
   ...
-  virtual bool Open(const char* path, const char* mode) {
+  bool Open(const char* path, const char* mode) override {
      return OpenFile(path, mode);
   }
 };
@@ -305,44 +305,86 @@
 
 Old macros and their new equivalents:
 
-<a name="table99"></a>
-<table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="1">
-<tr> <th colspan=2> Simple </th></tr>
-<tr> <td> Old </td> <td> `MOCK_METHOD1(Foo, bool(int))` </td> </tr>
-<tr> <td> New </td> <td> `MOCK_METHOD(bool, Foo, (int))` </td> </tr>
+<table>
+  <tr><th colspan=2>Simple</th></tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td>Old</td>
+    <td><code>MOCK_METHOD1(Foo, bool(int))</code></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td>New</td>
+    <td><code>MOCK_METHOD(bool, Foo, (int))</code></td>
+  </tr>
 
-<tr> <th colspan=2> Const Method </th></tr> <tr> <td> Old </td> <td>
-`MOCK_CONST_METHOD1(Foo, bool(int))` </td> </tr> <tr> <td> New </td> <td>
-`MOCK_METHOD(bool, Foo, (int), (const))` </td> </tr>
+  <tr><th colspan=2>Const Method</th></tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td>Old</td>
+    <td><code>MOCK_CONST_METHOD1(Foo, bool(int))</code></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td>New</td>
+    <td><code>MOCK_METHOD(bool, Foo, (int), (const))</code></td>
+  </tr>
 
-<tr> <th colspan=2> Method in a Class Template </th></tr> <tr> <td> Old </td>
-<td> `MOCK_METHOD1_T(Foo, bool(int))` </td> </tr> <tr> <td> New </td> <td>
-`MOCK_METHOD(bool, Foo, (int))` </td> </tr>
+  <tr><th colspan=2>Method in a Class Template</th></tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td>Old</td>
+    <td><code>MOCK_METHOD1_T(Foo, bool(int))</code></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td>New</td>
+    <td><code>MOCK_METHOD(bool, Foo, (int))</code></td>
+  </tr>
 
-<tr> <th colspan=2> Const Method in a Class Template </th></tr> <tr> <td> Old
-</td> <td> `MOCK_CONST_METHOD1_T(Foo, bool(int))` </td> </tr> <tr> <td> New
-</td> <td> `MOCK_METHOD(bool, Foo, (int), (const))` </td> </tr>
+  <tr><th colspan=2>Const Method in a Class Template</th></tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td>Old</td>
+    <td><code>MOCK_CONST_METHOD1_T(Foo, bool(int))</code></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td>New</td>
+    <td><code>MOCK_METHOD(bool, Foo, (int), (const))</code></td>
+  </tr>
 
-<tr> <th colspan=2> Method with Call Type </th></tr> <tr> <td> Old </td> <td>
-`MOCK_METHOD1_WITH_CALLTYPE(STDMETHODCALLTYPE, Foo, bool(int))` </td> </tr> <tr>
-<td> New </td> <td> `MOCK_METHOD(bool, Foo, (int),
-(Calltype(STDMETHODCALLTYPE)))` </td> </tr>
+  <tr><th colspan=2>Method with Call Type</th></tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td>Old</td>
+    <td><code>MOCK_METHOD1_WITH_CALLTYPE(STDMETHODCALLTYPE, Foo, bool(int))</code></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td>New</td>
+    <td><code>MOCK_METHOD(bool, Foo, (int), (Calltype(STDMETHODCALLTYPE)))</code></td>
+  </tr>
 
-<tr> <th colspan=2> Const Method with Call Type </th></tr> <tr> <td> Old</td>
-<td> `MOCK_CONST_METHOD1_WITH_CALLTYPE(STDMETHODCALLTYPE, Foo, bool(int))` </td>
-</tr> <tr> <td> New </td> <td> `MOCK_METHOD(bool, Foo, (int), (const,
-Calltype(STDMETHODCALLTYPE)))` </td> </tr>
+  <tr><th colspan=2>Const Method with Call Type</th></tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td>Old</td>
+    <td><code>MOCK_CONST_METHOD1_WITH_CALLTYPE(STDMETHODCALLTYPE, Foo, bool(int))</code></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td>New</td>
+    <td><code>MOCK_METHOD(bool, Foo, (int), (const, Calltype(STDMETHODCALLTYPE)))</code></td>
+  </tr>
 
-<tr> <th colspan=2> Method with Call Type in a Class Template </th></tr> <tr>
-<td> Old </td> <td> `MOCK_METHOD1_T_WITH_CALLTYPE(STDMETHODCALLTYPE, Foo,
-bool(int))` </td> </tr> <tr> <td> New </td> <td> `MOCK_METHOD(bool, Foo, (int),
-(Calltype(STDMETHODCALLTYPE)))` </td> </tr>
+  <tr><th colspan=2>Method with Call Type in a Class Template</th></tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td>Old</td>
+    <td><code>MOCK_METHOD1_T_WITH_CALLTYPE(STDMETHODCALLTYPE, Foo, bool(int))</code></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td>New</td>
+    <td><code>MOCK_METHOD(bool, Foo, (int), (Calltype(STDMETHODCALLTYPE)))</code></td>
+  </tr>
 
-<tr> <th colspan=2> Const Method with Call Type in a Class Template </th></tr>
-<tr> <td> Old </td> <td> `MOCK_CONST_METHOD1_T_WITH_CALLTYPE(STDMETHODCALLTYPE,
-Foo, bool(int))` </td> </tr> <tr> <td> New </td> <td> `MOCK_METHOD(bool, Foo,
-(int), (const, Calltype(STDMETHODCALLTYPE)))` </td> </tr>
-
+  <tr><th colspan=2>Const Method with Call Type in a Class Template</th></tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td>Old</td>
+    <td><code>MOCK_CONST_METHOD1_T_WITH_CALLTYPE(STDMETHODCALLTYPE, Foo, bool(int))</code></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td>New</td>
+    <td><code>MOCK_METHOD(bool, Foo, (int), (const, Calltype(STDMETHODCALLTYPE)))</code></td>
+  </tr>
 </table>
 
 ### The Nice, the Strict, and the Naggy {#NiceStrictNaggy}
@@ -413,6 +455,7 @@
 }
 ```
 
+{: .callout .note}
 NOTE: `NiceMock` and `StrictMock` only affects *uninteresting* calls (calls of
 *methods* with no expectations); they do not affect *unexpected* calls (calls of
 methods with expectations, but they don't match). See
@@ -469,9 +512,9 @@
 class ScopedMockLog : public LogSink {
  public:
   ...
-  virtual void send(LogSeverity severity, const char* full_filename,
+  void send(LogSeverity severity, const char* full_filename,
                     const char* base_filename, int line, const tm* tm_time,
-                    const char* message, size_t message_len) {
+                    const char* message, size_t message_len) override {
     // We are only interested in the log severity, full file name, and
     // log message.
     Log(severity, full_filename, std::string(message, message_len));
@@ -830,7 +873,6 @@
 ```cpp
   EXPECT_CALL(foo, DoThat(_, NotNull()));
 ```
-<!-- GOOGLETEST_CM0022 DO NOT DELETE -->
 
 ### Combining Matchers {#CombiningMatchers}
 
@@ -1046,7 +1088,8 @@
 matchers.
 
 As a convenience and example, gMock provides some matchers for 2-tuples,
-including the `Lt()` matcher above. See [here](#MultiArgMatchers) for the
+including the `Lt()` matcher above. See
+[Multi-argument Matchers](reference/matchers.md#MultiArgMatchers) for the
 complete list.
 
 Note that if you want to pass the arguments to a predicate of your own (e.g.
@@ -1094,59 +1137,17 @@
 
 ### Using Matchers in googletest Assertions
 
-Since matchers are basically predicates that also know how to describe
-themselves, there is a way to take advantage of them in googletest assertions.
-It's called `ASSERT_THAT` and `EXPECT_THAT`:
-
-```cpp
-  ASSERT_THAT(value, matcher);  // Asserts that value matches matcher.
-  EXPECT_THAT(value, matcher);  // The non-fatal version.
-```
-
-For example, in a googletest test you can write:
-
-```cpp
-#include "gmock/gmock.h"
-
-using ::testing::AllOf;
-using ::testing::Ge;
-using ::testing::Le;
-using ::testing::MatchesRegex;
-using ::testing::StartsWith;
-
-...
-  EXPECT_THAT(Foo(), StartsWith("Hello"));
-  EXPECT_THAT(Bar(), MatchesRegex("Line \\d+"));
-  ASSERT_THAT(Baz(), AllOf(Ge(5), Le(10)));
-```
-
-which (as you can probably guess) executes `Foo()`, `Bar()`, and `Baz()`, and
-verifies that:
-
-*   `Foo()` returns a string that starts with `"Hello"`.
-*   `Bar()` returns a string that matches regular expression `"Line \\d+"`.
-*   `Baz()` returns a number in the range [5, 10].
-
-The nice thing about these macros is that *they read like English*. They
-generate informative messages too. For example, if the first `EXPECT_THAT()`
-above fails, the message will be something like:
-
-```cpp
-Value of: Foo()
-  Actual: "Hi, world!"
-Expected: starts with "Hello"
-```
-
-**Credit:** The idea of `(ASSERT|EXPECT)_THAT` was borrowed from Joe Walnes'
-Hamcrest project, which adds `assertThat()` to JUnit.
+See [`EXPECT_THAT`](reference/assertions.md#EXPECT_THAT) in the Assertions
+Reference.
 
 ### Using Predicates as Matchers
 
-gMock provides a [built-in set](gmock_cheat_sheet.md#MatcherList) of matchers.
-In case you find them lacking, you can use an arbitrary unary predicate function
-or functor as a matcher - as long as the predicate accepts a value of the type
-you want. You do this by wrapping the predicate inside the `Truly()` function,
-for example:
+gMock provides a set of built-in matchers for matching arguments with expected
+values—see the [Matchers Reference](reference/matchers.md) for more information.
+In case you find the built-in set lacking, you can use an arbitrary unary
+predicate function or functor as a matcher - as long as the predicate accepts a
+value of the type you want. You do this by wrapping the predicate inside the
+`Truly()` function, for example:
 
 ```cpp
 using ::testing::Truly;
@@ -1161,8 +1162,6 @@
 works as long as the return value can be used as the condition in in statement
 `if (condition) ...`.
 
-<!-- GOOGLETEST_CM0023 DO NOT DELETE -->
-
 ### Matching Arguments that Are Not Copyable
 
 When you do an `EXPECT_CALL(mock_obj, Foo(bar))`, gMock saves away a copy of
@@ -1216,17 +1215,17 @@
 
 For example:
 
-<!-- mdformat off(github rendering does not support multiline tables) -->
 | Expression                   | Description                              |
 | :--------------------------- | :--------------------------------------- |
 | `Field(&Foo::number, Ge(3))` | Matches `x` where `x.number >= 3`.       |
 | `Property(&Foo::name,  StartsWith("John "))` | Matches `x` where `x.name()` starts with  `"John "`. |
-<!-- mdformat on -->
 
 Note that in `Property(&Foo::baz, ...)`, method `baz()` must take no argument
-and be declared as `const`.
+and be declared as `const`. Don't use `Property()` against member functions that
+you do not own, because taking addresses of functions is fragile and generally
+not part of the contract of the function.
 
-BTW, `Field()` and `Property()` can also match plain pointers to objects. For
+`Field()` and `Property()` can also match plain pointers to objects. For
 instance,
 
 ```cpp
@@ -1418,6 +1417,8 @@
 
 Use `Pair` when comparing maps or other associative containers.
 
+{% raw %}
+
 ```cpp
 using testing::ElementsAre;
 using testing::Pair;
@@ -1426,6 +1427,8 @@
   EXPECT_THAT(m, ElementsAre(Pair("a", 1), Pair("b", 2), Pair("c", 3)));
 ```
 
+{% endraw %}
+
 **Tips:**
 
 *   `ElementsAre*()` can be used to match *any* container that implements the
@@ -1464,6 +1467,7 @@
 
 ### Matchers must have no side-effects {#PureMatchers}
 
+{: .callout .warning}
 WARNING: gMock does not guarantee when or how many times a matcher will be
 invoked. Therefore, all matchers must be *purely functional*: they cannot have
 any side effects, and the match result must not depend on anything other than
@@ -1478,8 +1482,6 @@
 
 ### Knowing When to Expect {#UseOnCall}
 
-<!-- GOOGLETEST_CM0018 DO NOT DELETE -->
-
 **`ON_CALL`** is likely the *single most under-utilized construct* in gMock.
 
 There are basically two constructs for defining the behavior of a mock object:
@@ -1709,7 +1711,7 @@
 
 gMock allows you to impose an arbitrary DAG (directed acyclic graph) on the
 calls. One way to express the DAG is to use the
-[After](gmock_cheat_sheet.md#AfterClause) clause of `EXPECT_CALL`.
+[`After` clause](reference/mocking.md#EXPECT_CALL.After) of `EXPECT_CALL`.
 
 Another way is via the `InSequence()` clause (not the same as the `InSequence`
 class), which we borrowed from jMock 2. It's less flexible than `After()`, but
@@ -2171,8 +2173,6 @@
 If the built-in actions don't suit you, you can use an existing callable
 (function, `std::function`, method, functor, lambda) as an action.
 
-<!-- GOOGLETEST_CM0024 DO NOT DELETE -->
-
 ```cpp
 using ::testing::_; using ::testing::Invoke;
 
@@ -2214,7 +2214,7 @@
 latter. So, you can invoke something whose type is *not* exactly the same as the
 mock function, as long as it's safe to do so - nice, huh?
 
-**`Note:`{.escaped}**
+Note that:
 
 *   The action takes ownership of the callback and will delete it when the
     action itself is destructed.
@@ -2300,7 +2300,7 @@
   foo.ComplexJob(20);  // Invokes Job2(5, 'a').
 ```
 
-**`Note:`{.escaped}**
+Note that:
 
 *   The action takes ownership of the callback and will delete it when the
     action itself is destructed.
@@ -2343,6 +2343,7 @@
       // second argument DoThis() receives.
 ```
 
+{: .callout .note}
 NOTE: The section below is legacy documentation from before C++ had lambdas:
 
 Arghh, you need to refer to a mock function argument but C++ has no lambda
@@ -2663,18 +2664,10 @@
 `Notification` objects to force your asynchronous test to behave synchronously.
 
 ```cpp
-using ::testing::DoAll;
-using ::testing::InvokeWithoutArgs;
-using ::testing::Return;
-
 class MockEventDispatcher : public EventDispatcher {
   MOCK_METHOD(bool, DispatchEvent, (int32), (override));
 };
 
-ACTION_P(Notify, notification) {
-  notification->Notify();
-}
-
 TEST(EventQueueTest, EnqueueEventTest) {
   MockEventDispatcher mock_event_dispatcher;
   EventQueue event_queue(&mock_event_dispatcher);
@@ -2682,7 +2675,7 @@
   const int32 kEventId = 321;
   absl::Notification done;
   EXPECT_CALL(mock_event_dispatcher, DispatchEvent(kEventId))
-      .WillOnce(Notify(&done));
+      .WillOnce([&done] { done.Notify(); });
 
   event_queue.EnqueueEvent(kEventId);
   done.WaitForNotification();
@@ -2695,6 +2688,7 @@
 asynchronous call to finish. After that, our test suite is complete and we can
 safely exit.
 
+{: .callout .note}
 Note: this example has a downside: namely, if the expectation is not satisfied,
 our test will run forever. It will eventually time-out and fail, but it will
 take longer and be slightly harder to debug. To alleviate this problem, you can
@@ -2845,8 +2839,8 @@
 #### Legacy workarounds for move-only types {#LegacyMoveOnly}
 
 Support for move-only function arguments was only introduced to gMock in April
-2017. In older code, you may encounter the following workaround for the lack of
-this feature (it is no longer necessary - we're including it just for
+of 2017. In older code, you may encounter the following workaround for the lack
+of this feature (it is no longer necessary - we're including it just for
 reference):
 
 ```cpp
@@ -2974,36 +2968,27 @@
 }  // server is destroyed when it goes out of scope here.
 ```
 
+{: .callout .tip}
 **Tip:** The `Mock::VerifyAndClearExpectations()` function returns a `bool` to
 indicate whether the verification was successful (`true` for yes), so you can
 wrap that function call inside a `ASSERT_TRUE()` if there is no point going
 further when the verification has failed.
 
-### Using Check Points {#UsingCheckPoints}
+Do not set new expectations after verifying and clearing a mock after its use.
+Setting expectations after code that exercises the mock has undefined behavior.
+See [Using Mocks in Tests](gmock_for_dummies.md#using-mocks-in-tests) for more
+information.
 
-Sometimes you may want to "reset" a mock object at various check points in your
-test: at each check point, you verify that all existing expectations on the mock
-object have been satisfied, and then you set some new expectations on it as if
-it's newly created. This allows you to work with a mock object in "phases" whose
-sizes are each manageable.
+### Using Checkpoints {#UsingCheckPoints}
 
-One such scenario is that in your test's `SetUp()` function, you may want to put
-the object you are testing into a certain state, with the help from a mock
-object. Once in the desired state, you want to clear all expectations on the
-mock, such that in the `TEST_F` body you can set fresh expectations on it.
+Sometimes you might want to test a mock object's behavior in phases whose sizes
+are each manageable, or you might want to set more detailed expectations about
+which API calls invoke which mock functions.
 
-As you may have figured out, the `Mock::VerifyAndClearExpectations()` function
-we saw in the previous recipe can help you here. Or, if you are using
-`ON_CALL()` to set default actions on the mock object and want to clear the
-default actions as well, use `Mock::VerifyAndClear(&mock_object)` instead. This
-function does what `Mock::VerifyAndClearExpectations(&mock_object)` does and
-returns the same `bool`, **plus** it clears the `ON_CALL()` statements on
-`mock_object` too.
-
-Another trick you can use to achieve the same effect is to put the expectations
-in sequences and insert calls to a dummy "check-point" function at specific
-places. Then you can verify that the mock function calls do happen at the right
-time. For example, if you are exercising code:
+A technique you can use is to put the expectations in a sequence and insert
+calls to a dummy "checkpoint" function at specific places. Then you can verify
+that the mock function calls do happen at the right time. For example, if you
+are exercising the code:
 
 ```cpp
   Foo(1);
@@ -3012,7 +2997,7 @@
 ```
 
 and want to verify that `Foo(1)` and `Foo(3)` both invoke `mock.Bar("a")`, but
-`Foo(2)` doesn't invoke anything. You can write:
+`Foo(2)` doesn't invoke anything, you can write:
 
 ```cpp
 using ::testing::MockFunction;
@@ -3038,10 +3023,10 @@
 }
 ```
 
-The expectation spec says that the first `Bar("a")` must happen before check
-point "1", the second `Bar("a")` must happen after check point "2", and nothing
-should happen between the two check points. The explicit check points make it
-easy to tell which `Bar("a")` is called by which call to `Foo()`.
+The expectation spec says that the first `Bar("a")` call must happen before
+checkpoint "1", the second `Bar("a")` call must happen after checkpoint "2", and
+nothing should happen between the two checkpoints. The explicit checkpoints make
+it clear which `Bar("a")` is called by which call to `Foo()`.
 
 ### Mocking Destructors
 
@@ -3266,8 +3251,6 @@
 combine `--gmock_verbose=info` with `--gtest_stack_trace_depth=0` on the test
 command line.
 
-<!-- GOOGLETEST_CM0025 DO NOT DELETE -->
-
 ### Running Tests in Emacs
 
 If you build and run your tests in Emacs using the `M-x google-compile` command
@@ -3292,6 +3275,7 @@
 
 ### Writing New Matchers Quickly {#NewMatchers}
 
+{: .callout .warning}
 WARNING: gMock does not guarantee when or how many times a matcher will be
 invoked. Therefore, all matchers must be functionally pure. See
 [this section](#PureMatchers) for more details.
@@ -3336,7 +3320,7 @@
 ```cpp
   using ::testing::Not;
   ...
-  // Verifies that two values are divisible by 7.
+  // Verifies that a value is divisible by 7 and the other is not.
   EXPECT_THAT(some_expression, IsDivisibleBy7());
   EXPECT_THAT(some_other_expression, Not(IsDivisibleBy7()));
 ```
@@ -3395,6 +3379,7 @@
 the matcher is used inside `Not()`. There is no need to print the argument value
 itself, as gMock already prints it for you.
 
+{: .callout .note}
 NOTE: The type of the value being matched (`arg_type`) is determined by the
 context in which you use the matcher and is supplied to you by the compiler, so
 you don't need to worry about declaring it (nor can you). This allows the
@@ -3584,6 +3569,8 @@
 
 class DivisibleBy7Matcher {
  public:
+  using is_gtest_matcher = void;
+
   bool MatchAndExplain(int n, std::ostream*) const {
     return (n % 7) == 0;
   }
@@ -3630,6 +3617,10 @@
   Actual: 23 (the remainder is 2)
 ```
 
+{: .callout .tip}
+Tip: for convenience, `MatchAndExplain()` can take a `MatchResultListener*`
+instead of `std::ostream*`.
+
 ### Writing New Polymorphic Matchers
 
 Expanding what we learned above to *polymorphic* matchers is now just as simple
@@ -3639,6 +3630,8 @@
 
 class NotNullMatcher {
  public:
+  using is_gtest_matcher = void;
+
   // To implement a polymorphic matcher, we just need to make MatchAndExplain a
   // template on its first argument.
 
@@ -3652,7 +3645,7 @@
   }
 
   // Describes the property of a value matching this matcher.
-  void DescribeTo(std::ostream& os) const { *os << "is not NULL"; }
+  void DescribeTo(std::ostream* os) const { *os << "is not NULL"; }
 
   // Describes the property of a value NOT matching this matcher.
   void DescribeNegationTo(std::ostream* os) const { *os << "is NULL"; }
@@ -3749,6 +3742,7 @@
   EXPECT_CALL(foo, Bar(NotNull()));  // The argument must be a non-NULL pointer.
 ```
 
+{: .callout .note}
 **Note:** Your polymorphic matcher class does **not** need to inherit from
 `MatcherInterface` or any other class, and its methods do **not** need to be
 virtual.
@@ -4086,23 +4080,18 @@
 know its type. The type depends on the macro used to define the action and the
 parameter types. The rule is relatively simple:
 
+
 | Given Definition              | Expression          | Has Type              |
 | ----------------------------- | ------------------- | --------------------- |
 | `ACTION(Foo)`                 | `Foo()`             | `FooAction`           |
-| `ACTION_TEMPLATE(Foo,`        | `Foo<t1, ...,       | `FooAction<t1, ...,   |
-: `HAS_m_TEMPLATE_PARAMS(...),` : t_m>()`             : t_m>`                 :
-: `AND_0_VALUE_PARAMS())`       :                     :                       :
+| `ACTION_TEMPLATE(Foo, HAS_m_TEMPLATE_PARAMS(...), AND_0_VALUE_PARAMS())` | `Foo<t1, ..., t_m>()` | `FooAction<t1, ..., t_m>` |
 | `ACTION_P(Bar, param)`        | `Bar(int_value)`    | `BarActionP<int>`     |
-| `ACTION_TEMPLATE(Bar,`        | `Bar<t1, ..., t_m>` | `FooActionP<t1, ...,  |
-: `HAS_m_TEMPLATE_PARAMS(...),` : `(int_value)`       : t_m, int>`            :
-: `AND_1_VALUE_PARAMS(p1))`     :                     :                       :
-| `ACTION_P2(Baz, p1, p2)`      | `Baz(bool_value,`   | `BazActionP2<bool,    |
-:                               : `int_value)`        : int>`                 :
-| `ACTION_TEMPLATE(Baz,`        | `Baz<t1, ..., t_m>` | `FooActionP2<t1, ..., |
-: `HAS_m_TEMPLATE_PARAMS(...),` : `(bool_value,`      : t_m,` `bool, int>`    :
-: `AND_2_VALUE_PARAMS(p1, p2))` : `int_value)`        :                       :
+| `ACTION_TEMPLATE(Bar, HAS_m_TEMPLATE_PARAMS(...), AND_1_VALUE_PARAMS(p1))` | `Bar<t1, ..., t_m>(int_value)` | `BarActionP<t1, ..., t_m, int>` |
+| `ACTION_P2(Baz, p1, p2)`      | `Baz(bool_value, int_value)` | `BazActionP2<bool, int>` |
+| `ACTION_TEMPLATE(Baz, HAS_m_TEMPLATE_PARAMS(...), AND_2_VALUE_PARAMS(p1, p2))` | `Baz<t1, ..., t_m>(bool_value, int_value)` | `BazActionP2<t1, ..., t_m, bool, int>` |
 | ...                           | ...                 | ...                   |
 
+
 Note that we have to pick different suffixes (`Action`, `ActionP`, `ActionP2`,
 and etc) for actions with different numbers of value parameters, or the action
 definitions cannot be overloaded on the number of them.
@@ -4251,7 +4240,7 @@
 This printer knows how to print built-in C++ types, native arrays, STL
 containers, and any type that supports the `<<` operator. For other types, it
 prints the raw bytes in the value and hopes that you the user can figure it out.
-[googletest's advanced guide](../../googletest/docs/advanced.md#teaching-googletest-how-to-print-your-values)
+[The GoogleTest advanced guide](advanced.md#teaching-googletest-how-to-print-your-values)
 explains how to extend the printer to do a better job at printing your
 particular type than to dump the bytes.
 
@@ -4310,5 +4299,3 @@
 Although `std::function` supports unlimited number of arguments, `MockFunction`
 implementation is limited to ten. If you ever hit that limit... well, your
 callback has bigger problems than being mockable. :-)
-
-<!-- GOOGLETEST_CM0034 DO NOT DELETE -->
diff --git a/docs/gmock_faq.md b/docs/gmock_faq.md
index dc4a11d..2cd9b3f 100644
--- a/docs/gmock_faq.md
+++ b/docs/gmock_faq.md
@@ -1,8 +1,4 @@
-## Legacy gMock FAQ {#GMockFaq}
-
-<!-- GOOGLETEST_CM0021 DO NOT DELETE -->
-
-<!-- GOOGLETEST_CM0035 DO NOT DELETE -->
+# Legacy gMock FAQ
 
 ### When I call a method on my mock object, the method for the real object is invoked instead. What's the problem?
 
@@ -83,8 +79,6 @@
 void Bar(const int* p);  // p is not const, but *p is.
 ```
 
-<!-- GOOGLETEST_CM0030 DO NOT DELETE -->
-
 ### I can't figure out why gMock thinks my expectations are not satisfied. What should I do?
 
 You might want to run your test with `--gmock_verbose=info`. This flag lets
@@ -93,9 +87,9 @@
 
 If you see the message "The mock function has no default action set, and its
 return type has no default value set.", then try
-[adding a default action](gmock_for_dummies.md#DefaultValue). Due to a known
-issue, unexpected calls on mocks without default actions don't print out a
-detailed comparison between the actual arguments and the expected arguments.
+[adding a default action](gmock_cheat_sheet.md#OnCall). Due to a known issue,
+unexpected calls on mocks without default actions don't print out a detailed
+comparison between the actual arguments and the expected arguments.
 
 ### My program crashed and `ScopedMockLog` spit out tons of messages. Is it a gMock bug?
 
@@ -128,8 +122,6 @@
       .Times(0);
 ```
 
-<!-- GOOGLETEST_CM0031 DO NOT DELETE -->
-
 ### I have a failed test where gMock tells me TWICE that a particular expectation is not satisfied. Isn't this redundant?
 
 When gMock detects a failure, it prints relevant information (the mock function
diff --git a/docs/gmock_for_dummies.md b/docs/gmock_for_dummies.md
index 7bec29a..1f4cc24 100644
--- a/docs/gmock_for_dummies.md
+++ b/docs/gmock_for_dummies.md
@@ -1,8 +1,4 @@
-# gMock for Dummies {#GMockForDummies}
-
-<!-- GOOGLETEST_CM0013 DO NOT DELETE -->
-
-<!-- GOOGLETEST_CM0035 DO NOT DELETE -->
+# gMock for Dummies
 
 ## What Is gMock?
 
@@ -12,9 +8,9 @@
 be used and what it should do (which methods will be called? in which order? how
 many times? with what arguments? what will they return? etc).
 
-**Note:** It is easy to confuse the term *fake objects* with mock objects. Fakes
-and mocks actually mean very different things in the Test-Driven Development
-(TDD) community:
+It is easy to confuse the term *fake objects* with mock objects. Fakes and mocks
+actually mean very different things in the Test-Driven Development (TDD)
+community:
 
 *   **Fake** objects have working implementations, but usually take some
     shortcut (perhaps to make the operations less expensive), which makes them
@@ -55,9 +51,9 @@
     one.
 
 In contrast, Java and Python programmers have some fine mock frameworks (jMock,
-EasyMock, [Mox](http://wtf/mox), etc), which automate the creation of mocks. As
-a result, mocking is a proven effective technique and widely adopted practice in
-those communities. Having the right tool absolutely makes the difference.
+EasyMock, etc), which automate the creation of mocks. As a result, mocking is a
+proven effective technique and widely adopted practice in those communities.
+Having the right tool absolutely makes the difference.
 
 gMock was built to help C++ programmers. It was inspired by jMock and EasyMock,
 but designed with C++'s specifics in mind. It is your friend if any of the
@@ -208,8 +204,6 @@
 readable (a net win in the long run), as you can choose `FooAdaptor` to fit your
 specific domain much better than `Foo` does.
 
-<!-- GOOGLETEST_CM0029 DO NOT DELETE -->
-
 ## Using Mocks in Tests
 
 Once you have a mock class, using it is easy. The typical work flow is:
@@ -268,8 +262,9 @@
 `gtest_main` library already.
 
 **Important note:** gMock requires expectations to be set **before** the mock
-functions are called, otherwise the behavior is **undefined**. In particular,
-you mustn't interleave `EXPECT_CALL()s` and calls to the mock functions.
+functions are called, otherwise the behavior is **undefined**. Do not alternate
+between calls to `EXPECT_CALL()` and calls to the mock functions, and do not set
+any expectations on a mock after passing the mock to an API.
 
 This means `EXPECT_CALL()` should be read as expecting that a call will occur
 *in the future*, not that a call has occurred. Why does gMock work like that?
@@ -316,8 +311,8 @@
 
 This syntax allows the test writer to specify "called with any arguments"
 without explicitly specifying the number or types of arguments. To avoid
-unintended ambiguity, this syntax may only be used for methods which are not
-overloaded
+unintended ambiguity, this syntax may only be used for methods that are not
+overloaded.
 
 Either form of the macro can be followed by some optional *clauses* that provide
 more information about the expectation. We'll discuss how each clause works in
@@ -340,8 +335,9 @@
 will return 100 the first time, 150 the second time, and then 200 every time.
 Some people like to call this style of syntax a Domain-Specific Language (DSL).
 
+{: .callout .note}
 **Note:** Why do we use a macro to do this? Well it serves two purposes: first
-it makes expectations easily identifiable (either by `gsearch` or by a human
+it makes expectations easily identifiable (either by `grep` or by a human
 reader), and second it allows gMock to include the source file location of a
 failed expectation in messages, making debugging easier.
 
@@ -376,8 +372,8 @@
 In the above examples, `100` and `50` are also matchers; implicitly, they are
 the same as `Eq(100)` and `Eq(50)`, which specify that the argument must be
 equal (using `operator==`) to the matcher argument. There are many
-[built-in matchers](gmock_cheat_sheet.md#MatcherList) for common types (as well
-as [custom matchers](gmock_cook_book.md#NewMatchers)); for example:
+[built-in matchers](reference/matchers.md) for common types (as well as
+[custom matchers](gmock_cook_book.md#NewMatchers)); for example:
 
 ```cpp
 using ::testing::Ge;
@@ -505,7 +501,7 @@
 will create a new `Foo` object when the `EXPECT_CALL()` is executed, and will
 return the same pointer every time. If you want the side effect to happen every
 time, you need to define a custom action, which we'll teach in the
-[cook book](http://<!-- GOOGLETEST_CM0012 DO NOT DELETE -->).
+[cook book](gmock_cook_book.md).
 
 Time for another quiz! What do you think the following means?
 
@@ -549,6 +545,7 @@
 the third `Forward(10)` call is replaced by `Forward(20)`, then it would be OK,
 as now #1 will be the matching expectation.
 
+{: .callout .note}
 **Note:** Why does gMock search for a match in the *reverse* order of the
 expectations? The reason is that this allows a user to set up the default
 expectations in a mock object's constructor or the test fixture's set-up phase
@@ -557,6 +554,7 @@
 one with more specific matchers **after** the other, or the more specific rule
 would be shadowed by the more general one that comes after it.
 
+{: .callout .tip}
 **Tip:** It is very common to start with a catch-all expectation for a method
 and `Times(AnyNumber())` (omitting arguments, or with `_` for all arguments, if
 overloaded). This makes any calls to the method expected. This is not necessary
diff --git a/docs/index.md b/docs/index.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b162c74
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/index.md
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+# GoogleTest User's Guide
+
+## Welcome to GoogleTest!
+
+GoogleTest is Google's C++ testing and mocking framework. This user's guide has
+the following contents:
+
+*   [GoogleTest Primer](primer.md) - Teaches you how to write simple tests using
+    GoogleTest. Read this first if you are new to GoogleTest.
+*   [GoogleTest Advanced](advanced.md) - Read this when you've finished the
+    Primer and want to utilize GoogleTest to its full potential.
+*   [GoogleTest Samples](samples.md) - Describes some GoogleTest samples.
+*   [GoogleTest FAQ](faq.md) - Have a question? Want some tips? Check here
+    first.
+*   [Mocking for Dummies](gmock_for_dummies.md) - Teaches you how to create mock
+    objects and use them in tests.
+*   [Mocking Cookbook](gmock_cook_book.md) - Includes tips and approaches to
+    common mocking use cases.
+*   [Mocking Cheat Sheet](gmock_cheat_sheet.md) - A handy reference for
+    matchers, actions, invariants, and more.
+*   [Mocking FAQ](gmock_faq.md) - Contains answers to some mocking-specific
+    questions.
diff --git a/docs/pkgconfig.md b/docs/pkgconfig.md
index aed4ad4..768e9b4 100644
--- a/docs/pkgconfig.md
+++ b/docs/pkgconfig.md
@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 ## Using GoogleTest from various build systems
 
-<!-- GOOGLETEST_CM0035 DO NOT DELETE -->
-
 GoogleTest comes with pkg-config files that can be used to determine all
 necessary flags for compiling and linking to GoogleTest (and GoogleMock).
 Pkg-config is a standardised plain-text format containing
@@ -147,4 +145,4 @@
 
 which contains the correct sysroot now. For a more comprehensive guide to also
 including `${CHOST}` in build system calls, see the excellent tutorial by Diego
-Elio Pettenò: https://autotools.io/pkgconfig/cross-compiling.html
+Elio Pettenò: <https://autotools.io/pkgconfig/cross-compiling.html>
diff --git a/docs/platforms.md b/docs/platforms.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eba6ef8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/platforms.md
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+# Supported Platforms
+
+GoogleTest requires a codebase and compiler compliant with the C++11 standard or
+newer.
+
+The GoogleTest code is officially supported on the following platforms.
+Operating systems or tools not listed below are community-supported. For
+community-supported platforms, patches that do not complicate the code may be
+considered.
+
+If you notice any problems on your platform, please file an issue on the
+[GoogleTest GitHub Issue Tracker](https://github.com/google/googletest/issues).
+Pull requests containing fixes are welcome!
+
+### Operating systems
+
+*   Linux
+*   macOS
+*   Windows
+
+### Compilers
+
+*   gcc 5.0+
+*   clang 5.0+
+*   MSVC 2015+
+
+**macOS users:** Xcode 9.3+ provides clang 5.0+.
+
+### Build systems
+
+*   [Bazel](https://bazel.build/)
+*   [CMake](https://cmake.org/)
+
+Bazel is the build system used by the team internally and in tests. CMake is
+supported on a best-effort basis and by the community.
diff --git a/docs/primer.md b/docs/primer.md
index 28c1691..6d8fdf4 100644
--- a/docs/primer.md
+++ b/docs/primer.md
@@ -1,9 +1,5 @@
 # Googletest Primer
 
-<!-- GOOGLETEST_CM0036 DO NOT DELETE -->
-
-<!-- GOOGLETEST_CM0035 DO NOT DELETE -->
-
 ## Introduction: Why googletest?
 
 *googletest* helps you write better C++ tests.
@@ -48,6 +44,7 @@
 
 ## Beware of the nomenclature
 
+{: .callout .note}
 _Note:_ There might be some confusion arising from different definitions of the
 terms _Test_, _Test Case_ and _Test Suite_, so beware of misunderstanding these.
 
@@ -70,13 +67,11 @@
 
 So please be aware of the different definitions of the terms:
 
-<!-- mdformat off(github rendering does not support multiline tables) -->
 
 Meaning                                                                              | googletest Term         | [ISTQB](http://www.istqb.org/) Term
 :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | :---------------------- | :----------------------------------
 Exercise a particular program path with specific input values and verify the results | [TEST()](#simple-tests) | [Test Case][istqb test case]
 
-<!-- mdformat on -->
 
 [istqb test case]: http://glossary.istqb.org/en/search/test%20case
 [istqb test suite]: http://glossary.istqb.org/en/search/test%20suite
@@ -123,7 +118,9 @@
 this in mind if you get a heap checker error in addition to assertion errors.
 
 To provide a custom failure message, simply stream it into the macro using the
-`<<` operator or a sequence of such operators. An example:
+`<<` operator or a sequence of such operators. See the following example, using
+the [`ASSERT_EQ` and `EXPECT_EQ`](reference/assertions.md#EXPECT_EQ) macros to
+verify value equality:
 
 ```c++
 ASSERT_EQ(x.size(), y.size()) << "Vectors x and y are of unequal length";
@@ -138,112 +135,12 @@
 (`wchar_t*`, `TCHAR*` in `UNICODE` mode on Windows, or `std::wstring`) is
 streamed to an assertion, it will be translated to UTF-8 when printed.
 
-### Basic Assertions
-
-These assertions do basic true/false condition testing.
-
-Fatal assertion            | Nonfatal assertion         | Verifies
--------------------------- | -------------------------- | --------------------
-`ASSERT_TRUE(condition);`  | `EXPECT_TRUE(condition);`  | `condition` is true
-`ASSERT_FALSE(condition);` | `EXPECT_FALSE(condition);` | `condition` is false
-
-Remember, when they fail, `ASSERT_*` yields a fatal failure and returns from the
-current function, while `EXPECT_*` yields a nonfatal failure, allowing the
-function to continue running. In either case, an assertion failure means its
-containing test fails.
-
-**Availability**: Linux, Windows, Mac.
-
-### Binary Comparison
-
-This section describes assertions that compare two values.
-
-Fatal assertion          | Nonfatal assertion       | Verifies
------------------------- | ------------------------ | --------------
-`ASSERT_EQ(val1, val2);` | `EXPECT_EQ(val1, val2);` | `val1 == val2`
-`ASSERT_NE(val1, val2);` | `EXPECT_NE(val1, val2);` | `val1 != val2`
-`ASSERT_LT(val1, val2);` | `EXPECT_LT(val1, val2);` | `val1 < val2`
-`ASSERT_LE(val1, val2);` | `EXPECT_LE(val1, val2);` | `val1 <= val2`
-`ASSERT_GT(val1, val2);` | `EXPECT_GT(val1, val2);` | `val1 > val2`
-`ASSERT_GE(val1, val2);` | `EXPECT_GE(val1, val2);` | `val1 >= val2`
-
-Value arguments must be comparable by the assertion's comparison operator or
-you'll get a compiler error. We used to require the arguments to support the
-`<<` operator for streaming to an `ostream`, but this is no longer necessary. If
-`<<` is supported, it will be called to print the arguments when the assertion
-fails; otherwise googletest will attempt to print them in the best way it can.
-For more details and how to customize the printing of the arguments, see the
-[documentation](./advanced.md#teaching-googletest-how-to-print-your-values).
-
-These assertions can work with a user-defined type, but only if you define the
-corresponding comparison operator (e.g., `==` or `<`). Since this is discouraged
-by the Google
-[C++ Style Guide](https://google.github.io/styleguide/cppguide.html#Operator_Overloading),
-you may need to use `ASSERT_TRUE()` or `EXPECT_TRUE()` to assert the equality of
-two objects of a user-defined type.
-
-However, when possible, `ASSERT_EQ(actual, expected)` is preferred to
-`ASSERT_TRUE(actual == expected)`, since it tells you `actual` and `expected`'s
-values on failure.
-
-Arguments are always evaluated exactly once. Therefore, it's OK for the
-arguments to have side effects. However, as with any ordinary C/C++ function,
-the arguments' evaluation order is undefined (i.e., the compiler is free to
-choose any order), and your code should not depend on any particular argument
-evaluation order.
-
-`ASSERT_EQ()` does pointer equality on pointers. If used on two C strings, it
-tests if they are in the same memory location, not if they have the same value.
-Therefore, if you want to compare C strings (e.g. `const char*`) by value, use
-`ASSERT_STREQ()`, which will be described later on. In particular, to assert
-that a C string is `NULL`, use `ASSERT_STREQ(c_string, NULL)`. Consider using
-`ASSERT_EQ(c_string, nullptr)` if c++11 is supported. To compare two `string`
-objects, you should use `ASSERT_EQ`.
-
-When doing pointer comparisons use `*_EQ(ptr, nullptr)` and `*_NE(ptr, nullptr)`
-instead of `*_EQ(ptr, NULL)` and `*_NE(ptr, NULL)`. This is because `nullptr` is
-typed, while `NULL` is not. See the [FAQ](faq.md) for more details.
-
-If you're working with floating point numbers, you may want to use the floating
-point variations of some of these macros in order to avoid problems caused by
-rounding. See [Advanced googletest Topics](advanced.md) for details.
-
-Macros in this section work with both narrow and wide string objects (`string`
-and `wstring`).
-
-**Availability**: Linux, Windows, Mac.
-
-**Historical note**: Before February 2016 `*_EQ` had a convention of calling it
-as `ASSERT_EQ(expected, actual)`, so lots of existing code uses this order. Now
-`*_EQ` treats both parameters in the same way.
-
-### String Comparison
-
-The assertions in this group compare two **C strings**. If you want to compare
-two `string` objects, use `EXPECT_EQ`, `EXPECT_NE`, and etc instead.
-
-<!-- mdformat off(github rendering does not support multiline tables) -->
-
-| Fatal assertion                | Nonfatal assertion             | Verifies                                                 |
-| --------------------------     | ------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------- |
-| `ASSERT_STREQ(str1,str2);`     | `EXPECT_STREQ(str1,str2);`     | the two C strings have the same content   		     |
-| `ASSERT_STRNE(str1,str2);`     | `EXPECT_STRNE(str1,str2);`     | the two C strings have different contents 		     |
-| `ASSERT_STRCASEEQ(str1,str2);` | `EXPECT_STRCASEEQ(str1,str2);` | the two C strings have the same content, ignoring case   |
-| `ASSERT_STRCASENE(str1,str2);` | `EXPECT_STRCASENE(str1,str2);` | the two C strings have different contents, ignoring case |
-
-<!-- mdformat on-->
-
-Note that "CASE" in an assertion name means that case is ignored. A `NULL`
-pointer and an empty string are considered *different*.
-
-`*STREQ*` and `*STRNE*` also accept wide C strings (`wchar_t*`). If a comparison
-of two wide strings fails, their values will be printed as UTF-8 narrow strings.
-
-**Availability**: Linux, Windows, Mac.
-
-**See also**: For more string comparison tricks (substring, prefix, suffix, and
-regular expression matching, for example), see [this](advanced.md) in the
-Advanced googletest Guide.
+GoogleTest provides a collection of assertions for verifying the behavior of
+your code in various ways. You can check Boolean conditions, compare values
+based on relational operators, verify string values, floating-point values, and
+much more. There are even assertions that enable you to verify more complex
+states by providing custom predicates. For the complete list of assertions
+provided by GoogleTest, see the [Assertions Reference](reference/assertions.md).
 
 ## Simple Tests
 
@@ -422,7 +319,7 @@
 to use `EXPECT_*` when you want the test to continue to reveal more errors after
 the assertion failure, and use `ASSERT_*` when continuing after failure doesn't
 make sense. For example, the second assertion in the `Dequeue` test is
-`ASSERT_NE(nullptr, n)`, as we need to dereference the pointer `n` later, which
+`ASSERT_NE(n, nullptr)`, as we need to dereference the pointer `n` later, which
 would lead to a segfault when `n` is `NULL`.
 
 When these tests run, the following happens:
@@ -468,6 +365,7 @@
 
 If a fatal failure happens the subsequent steps will be skipped.
 
+{: .callout .important}
 > IMPORTANT: You must **not** ignore the return value of `RUN_ALL_TESTS()`, or
 > you will get a compiler error. The rationale for this design is that the
 > automated testing service determines whether a test has passed based on its
@@ -570,6 +468,7 @@
 implementation of main(). If it fits your needs, then just link your test with
 the `gtest_main` library and you are good to go.
 
+{: .callout .note}
 NOTE: `ParseGUnitFlags()` is deprecated in favor of `InitGoogleTest()`.
 
 ## Known Limitations
diff --git a/docs/pump_manual.md b/docs/pump_manual.md
deleted file mode 100644
index 9dbe15b..0000000
--- a/docs/pump_manual.md
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,190 +0,0 @@
-<b>P</b>ump is <b>U</b>seful for <b>M</b>eta <b>P</b>rogramming.
-
-<!-- GOOGLETEST_CM0035 DO NOT DELETE -->
-
-# The Problem
-
-Template and macro libraries often need to define many classes, functions, or
-macros that vary only (or almost only) in the number of arguments they take.
-It's a lot of repetitive, mechanical, and error-prone work.
-
-Our experience is that it's tedious to write custom scripts, which tend to
-reflect the structure of the generated code poorly and are often hard to read
-and edit. For example, a small change needed in the generated code may require
-some non-intuitive, non-trivial changes in the script. This is especially
-painful when experimenting with the code.
-
-This script may be useful for generating meta code, for example a series of
-macros of FOO1, FOO2, etc. Nevertheless, please make it your last resort
-technique by favouring C++ template metaprogramming or variadic macros.
-
-# Our Solution
-
-Pump (for Pump is Useful for Meta Programming, Pretty Useful for Meta
-Programming, or Practical Utility for Meta Programming, whichever you prefer) is
-a simple meta-programming tool for C++. The idea is that a programmer writes a
-`foo.pump` file which contains C++ code plus meta code that manipulates the C++
-code. The meta code can handle iterations over a range, nested iterations, local
-meta variable definitions, simple arithmetic, and conditional expressions. You
-can view it as a small Domain-Specific Language. The meta language is designed
-to be non-intrusive (s.t. it won't confuse Emacs' C++ mode, for example) and
-concise, making Pump code intuitive and easy to maintain.
-
-## Highlights
-
-*   The implementation is in a single Python script and thus ultra portable: no
-    build or installation is needed and it works cross platforms.
-*   Pump tries to be smart with respect to
-    [Google's style guide](https://github.com/google/styleguide): it breaks long
-    lines (easy to have when they are generated) at acceptable places to fit
-    within 80 columns and indent the continuation lines correctly.
-*   The format is human-readable and more concise than XML.
-*   The format works relatively well with Emacs' C++ mode.
-
-## Examples
-
-The following Pump code (where meta keywords start with `$`, `[[` and `]]` are
-meta brackets, and `$$` starts a meta comment that ends with the line):
-
-```
-$var n = 3     $$ Defines a meta variable n.
-$range i 0..n  $$ Declares the range of meta iterator i (inclusive).
-$for i [[
-               $$ Meta loop.
-// Foo$i does blah for $i-ary predicates.
-$range j 1..i
-template <size_t N $for j [[, typename A$j]]>
-class Foo$i {
-$if i == 0 [[
-  blah a;
-]] $elif i <= 2 [[
-  blah b;
-]] $else [[
-  blah c;
-]]
-};
-
-]]
-```
-
-will be translated by the Pump compiler to:
-
-```cpp
-// Foo0 does blah for 0-ary predicates.
-template <size_t N>
-class Foo0 {
-  blah a;
-};
-
-// Foo1 does blah for 1-ary predicates.
-template <size_t N, typename A1>
-class Foo1 {
-  blah b;
-};
-
-// Foo2 does blah for 2-ary predicates.
-template <size_t N, typename A1, typename A2>
-class Foo2 {
-  blah b;
-};
-
-// Foo3 does blah for 3-ary predicates.
-template <size_t N, typename A1, typename A2, typename A3>
-class Foo3 {
-  blah c;
-};
-```
-
-In another example,
-
-```
-$range i 1..n
-Func($for i + [[a$i]]);
-$$ The text between i and [[ is the separator between iterations.
-```
-
-will generate one of the following lines (without the comments), depending on
-the value of `n`:
-
-```cpp
-Func();              // If n is 0.
-Func(a1);            // If n is 1.
-Func(a1 + a2);       // If n is 2.
-Func(a1 + a2 + a3);  // If n is 3.
-// And so on...
-```
-
-## Constructs
-
-We support the following meta programming constructs:
-
-| `$var id = exp`                  | Defines a named constant value. `$id` is |
-:                                  : valid until the end of the current meta  :
-:                                  : lexical block.                           :
-| :------------------------------- | :--------------------------------------- |
-| `$range id exp..exp`             | Sets the range of an iteration variable, |
-:                                  : which can be reused in multiple loops    :
-:                                  : later.                                   :
-| `$for id sep [[ code ]]`         | Iteration. The range of `id` must have   |
-:                                  : been defined earlier. `$id` is valid in  :
-:                                  : `code`.                                  :
-| `$($)`                           | Generates a single `$` character.        |
-| `$id`                            | Value of the named constant or iteration |
-:                                  : variable.                                :
-| `$(exp)`                         | Value of the expression.                 |
-| `$if exp [[ code ]] else_branch` | Conditional.                             |
-| `[[ code ]]`                     | Meta lexical block.                      |
-| `cpp_code`                       | Raw C++ code.                            |
-| `$$ comment`                     | Meta comment.                            |
-
-**Note:** To give the user some freedom in formatting the Pump source code, Pump
-ignores a new-line character if it's right after `$for foo` or next to `[[` or
-`]]`. Without this rule you'll often be forced to write very long lines to get
-the desired output. Therefore sometimes you may need to insert an extra new-line
-in such places for a new-line to show up in your output.
-
-## Grammar
-
-```ebnf
-code ::= atomic_code*
-atomic_code ::= $var id = exp
-    | $var id = [[ code ]]
-    | $range id exp..exp
-    | $for id sep [[ code ]]
-    | $($)
-    | $id
-    | $(exp)
-    | $if exp [[ code ]] else_branch
-    | [[ code ]]
-    | cpp_code
-sep ::= cpp_code | empty_string
-else_branch ::= $else [[ code ]]
-    | $elif exp [[ code ]] else_branch
-    | empty_string
-exp ::= simple_expression_in_Python_syntax
-```
-
-## Code
-
-You can find the source code of Pump in
-[googlemock/scripts/pump.py](../googlemock/scripts/pump.py). It is still very
-unpolished and lacks automated tests, although it has been successfully used
-many times. If you find a chance to use it in your project, please let us know
-what you think! We also welcome help on improving Pump.
-
-## Real Examples
-
-You can find real-world applications of Pump in
-[Google Test](https://github.com/google/googletest/tree/master/googletest) and
-[Google Mock](https://github.com/google/googletest/tree/master/googlemock). The
-source file `foo.h.pump` generates `foo.h`.
-
-## Tips
-
-*   If a meta variable is followed by a letter or digit, you can separate them
-    using `[[]]`, which inserts an empty string. For example `Foo$j[[]]Helper`
-    generate `Foo1Helper` when `j` is 1.
-*   To avoid extra-long Pump source lines, you can break a line anywhere you
-    want by inserting `[[]]` followed by a new line. Since any new-line
-    character next to `[[` or `]]` is ignored, the generated code won't contain
-    this new line.
diff --git a/docs/quickstart-bazel.md b/docs/quickstart-bazel.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..362ee6d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/quickstart-bazel.md
@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
+# Quickstart: Building with Bazel
+
+This tutorial aims to get you up and running with GoogleTest using the Bazel
+build system. If you're using GoogleTest for the first time or need a refresher,
+we recommend this tutorial as a starting point.
+
+## Prerequisites
+
+To complete this tutorial, you'll need:
+
+*   A compatible operating system (e.g. Linux, macOS, Windows).
+*   A compatible C++ compiler that supports at least C++11.
+*   [Bazel](https://bazel.build/), the preferred build system used by the
+    GoogleTest team.
+
+See [Supported Platforms](platforms.md) for more information about platforms
+compatible with GoogleTest.
+
+If you don't already have Bazel installed, see the
+[Bazel installation guide](https://docs.bazel.build/versions/master/install.html).
+
+{: .callout .note}
+Note: The terminal commands in this tutorial show a Unix shell prompt, but the
+commands work on the Windows command line as well.
+
+## Set up a Bazel workspace
+
+A
+[Bazel workspace](https://docs.bazel.build/versions/master/build-ref.html#workspace)
+is a directory on your filesystem that you use to manage source files for the
+software you want to build. Each workspace directory has a text file named
+`WORKSPACE` which may be empty, or may contain references to external
+dependencies required to build the outputs.
+
+First, create a directory for your workspace:
+
+```
+$ mkdir my_workspace && cd my_workspace
+```
+
+Next, you’ll create the `WORKSPACE` file to specify dependencies. A common and
+recommended way to depend on GoogleTest is to use a
+[Bazel external dependency](https://docs.bazel.build/versions/master/external.html)
+via the
+[`http_archive` rule](https://docs.bazel.build/versions/master/repo/http.html#http_archive).
+To do this, in the root directory of your workspace (`my_workspace/`), create a
+file named `WORKSPACE` with the following contents:
+
+```
+load("@bazel_tools//tools/build_defs/repo:http.bzl", "http_archive")
+
+http_archive(
+  name = "com_google_googletest",
+  urls = ["https://github.com/google/googletest/archive/609281088cfefc76f9d0ce82e1ff6c30cc3591e5.zip"],
+  strip_prefix = "googletest-609281088cfefc76f9d0ce82e1ff6c30cc3591e5",
+)
+```
+
+The above configuration declares a dependency on GoogleTest which is downloaded
+as a ZIP archive from GitHub. In the above example,
+`609281088cfefc76f9d0ce82e1ff6c30cc3591e5` is the Git commit hash of the
+GoogleTest version to use; we recommend updating the hash often to point to the
+latest version.
+
+Bazel also needs a dependency on the
+[`rules_cc` repository](https://github.com/bazelbuild/rules_cc) to build C++
+code, so add the following to the `WORKSPACE` file:
+
+```
+http_archive(
+  name = "rules_cc",
+  urls = ["https://github.com/bazelbuild/rules_cc/archive/40548a2974f1aea06215272d9c2b47a14a24e556.zip"],
+  strip_prefix = "rules_cc-40548a2974f1aea06215272d9c2b47a14a24e556",
+)
+```
+
+Now you're ready to build C++ code that uses GoogleTest.
+
+## Create and run a binary
+
+With your Bazel workspace set up, you can now use GoogleTest code within your
+own project.
+
+As an example, create a file named `hello_test.cc` in your `my_workspace`
+directory with the following contents:
+
+```cpp
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+// Demonstrate some basic assertions.
+TEST(HelloTest, BasicAssertions) {
+  // Expect two strings not to be equal.
+  EXPECT_STRNE("hello", "world");
+  // Expect equality.
+  EXPECT_EQ(7 * 6, 42);
+}
+```
+
+GoogleTest provides [assertions](primer.md#assertions) that you use to test the
+behavior of your code. The above sample includes the main GoogleTest header file
+and demonstrates some basic assertions.
+
+To build the code, create a file named `BUILD` in the same directory with the
+following contents:
+
+```
+load("@rules_cc//cc:defs.bzl", "cc_test")
+
+cc_test(
+  name = "hello_test",
+  size = "small",
+  srcs = ["hello_test.cc"],
+  deps = ["@com_google_googletest//:gtest_main"],
+)
+```
+
+This `cc_test` rule declares the C++ test binary you want to build, and links to
+GoogleTest (`//:gtest_main`) using the prefix you specified in the `WORKSPACE`
+file (`@com_google_googletest`). For more information about Bazel `BUILD` files,
+see the
+[Bazel C++ Tutorial](https://docs.bazel.build/versions/master/tutorial/cpp.html).
+
+Now you can build and run your test:
+
+<pre>
+<strong>my_workspace$ bazel test --test_output=all //:hello_test</strong>
+INFO: Analyzed target //:hello_test (26 packages loaded, 362 targets configured).
+INFO: Found 1 test target...
+INFO: From Testing //:hello_test:
+==================== Test output for //:hello_test:
+Running main() from gmock_main.cc
+[==========] Running 1 test from 1 test suite.
+[----------] Global test environment set-up.
+[----------] 1 test from HelloTest
+[ RUN      ] HelloTest.BasicAssertions
+[       OK ] HelloTest.BasicAssertions (0 ms)
+[----------] 1 test from HelloTest (0 ms total)
+
+[----------] Global test environment tear-down
+[==========] 1 test from 1 test suite ran. (0 ms total)
+[  PASSED  ] 1 test.
+================================================================================
+Target //:hello_test up-to-date:
+  bazel-bin/hello_test
+INFO: Elapsed time: 4.190s, Critical Path: 3.05s
+INFO: 27 processes: 8 internal, 19 linux-sandbox.
+INFO: Build completed successfully, 27 total actions
+//:hello_test                                                     PASSED in 0.1s
+
+INFO: Build completed successfully, 27 total actions
+</pre>
+
+Congratulations! You've successfully built and run a test binary using
+GoogleTest.
+
+## Next steps
+
+*   [Check out the Primer](primer.md) to start learning how to write simple
+    tests.
+*   [See the code samples](samples.md) for more examples showing how to use a
+    variety of GoogleTest features.
diff --git a/docs/quickstart-cmake.md b/docs/quickstart-cmake.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..420f1d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/quickstart-cmake.md
@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+# Quickstart: Building with CMake
+
+This tutorial aims to get you up and running with GoogleTest using CMake. If
+you're using GoogleTest for the first time or need a refresher, we recommend
+this tutorial as a starting point. If your project uses Bazel, see the
+[Quickstart for Bazel](quickstart-bazel.md) instead.
+
+## Prerequisites
+
+To complete this tutorial, you'll need:
+
+*   A compatible operating system (e.g. Linux, macOS, Windows).
+*   A compatible C++ compiler that supports at least C++11.
+*   [CMake](https://cmake.org/) and a compatible build tool for building the
+    project.
+    *   Compatible build tools include
+        [Make](https://www.gnu.org/software/make/),
+        [Ninja](https://ninja-build.org/), and others - see
+        [CMake Generators](https://cmake.org/cmake/help/latest/manual/cmake-generators.7.html)
+        for more information.
+
+See [Supported Platforms](platforms.md) for more information about platforms
+compatible with GoogleTest.
+
+If you don't already have CMake installed, see the
+[CMake installation guide](https://cmake.org/install).
+
+{: .callout .note}
+Note: The terminal commands in this tutorial show a Unix shell prompt, but the
+commands work on the Windows command line as well.
+
+## Set up a project
+
+CMake uses a file named `CMakeLists.txt` to configure the build system for a
+project. You'll use this file to set up your project and declare a dependency on
+GoogleTest.
+
+First, create a directory for your project:
+
+```
+$ mkdir my_project && cd my_project
+```
+
+Next, you'll create the `CMakeLists.txt` file and declare a dependency on
+GoogleTest. There are many ways to express dependencies in the CMake ecosystem;
+in this quickstart, you'll use the
+[`FetchContent` CMake module](https://cmake.org/cmake/help/latest/module/FetchContent.html).
+To do this, in your project directory (`my_project`), create a file named
+`CMakeLists.txt` with the following contents:
+
+```cmake
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.14)
+project(my_project)
+
+# GoogleTest requires at least C++11
+set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 11)
+
+include(FetchContent)
+FetchContent_Declare(
+  googletest
+  URL https://github.com/google/googletest/archive/609281088cfefc76f9d0ce82e1ff6c30cc3591e5.zip
+)
+# For Windows: Prevent overriding the parent project's compiler/linker settings
+set(gtest_force_shared_crt ON CACHE BOOL "" FORCE)
+FetchContent_MakeAvailable(googletest)
+```
+
+The above configuration declares a dependency on GoogleTest which is downloaded
+from GitHub. In the above example, `609281088cfefc76f9d0ce82e1ff6c30cc3591e5` is
+the Git commit hash of the GoogleTest version to use; we recommend updating the
+hash often to point to the latest version.
+
+For more information about how to create `CMakeLists.txt` files, see the
+[CMake Tutorial](https://cmake.org/cmake/help/latest/guide/tutorial/index.html).
+
+## Create and run a binary
+
+With GoogleTest declared as a dependency, you can use GoogleTest code within
+your own project.
+
+As an example, create a file named `hello_test.cc` in your `my_project`
+directory with the following contents:
+
+```cpp
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+// Demonstrate some basic assertions.
+TEST(HelloTest, BasicAssertions) {
+  // Expect two strings not to be equal.
+  EXPECT_STRNE("hello", "world");
+  // Expect equality.
+  EXPECT_EQ(7 * 6, 42);
+}
+```
+
+GoogleTest provides [assertions](primer.md#assertions) that you use to test the
+behavior of your code. The above sample includes the main GoogleTest header file
+and demonstrates some basic assertions.
+
+To build the code, add the following to the end of your `CMakeLists.txt` file:
+
+```cmake
+enable_testing()
+
+add_executable(
+  hello_test
+  hello_test.cc
+)
+target_link_libraries(
+  hello_test
+  gtest_main
+)
+
+include(GoogleTest)
+gtest_discover_tests(hello_test)
+```
+
+The above configuration enables testing in CMake, declares the C++ test binary
+you want to build (`hello_test`), and links it to GoogleTest (`gtest_main`). The
+last two lines enable CMake's test runner to discover the tests included in the
+binary, using the
+[`GoogleTest` CMake module](https://cmake.org/cmake/help/git-stage/module/GoogleTest.html).
+
+Now you can build and run your test:
+
+<pre>
+<strong>my_project$ cmake -S . -B build</strong>
+-- The C compiler identification is GNU 10.2.1
+-- The CXX compiler identification is GNU 10.2.1
+...
+-- Build files have been written to: .../my_project/build
+
+<strong>my_project$ cmake --build build</strong>
+Scanning dependencies of target gtest
+...
+[100%] Built target gmock_main
+
+<strong>my_project$ cd build && ctest</strong>
+Test project .../my_project/build
+    Start 1: HelloTest.BasicAssertions
+1/1 Test #1: HelloTest.BasicAssertions ........   Passed    0.00 sec
+
+100% tests passed, 0 tests failed out of 1
+
+Total Test time (real) =   0.01 sec
+</pre>
+
+Congratulations! You've successfully built and run a test binary using
+GoogleTest.
+
+## Next steps
+
+*   [Check out the Primer](primer.md) to start learning how to write simple
+    tests.
+*   [See the code samples](samples.md) for more examples showing how to use a
+    variety of GoogleTest features.
diff --git a/docs/reference/actions.md b/docs/reference/actions.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..166d2a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/reference/actions.md
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+# Actions Reference
+
+[**Actions**](../gmock_for_dummies.md#actions-what-should-it-do) specify what a
+mock function should do when invoked. This page lists the built-in actions
+provided by GoogleTest. All actions are defined in the `::testing` namespace.
+
+## Returning a Value
+
+|                                   |                                               |
+| :-------------------------------- | :-------------------------------------------- |
+| `Return()`                        | Return from a `void` mock function.           |
+| `Return(value)`                   | Return `value`. If the type of `value` is     different to the mock function's return type, `value` is converted to the latter type <i>at the time the expectation is set</i>, not when the action is executed. |
+| `ReturnArg<N>()`                  | Return the `N`-th (0-based) argument.         |
+| `ReturnNew<T>(a1, ..., ak)`       | Return `new T(a1, ..., ak)`; a different      object is created each time. |
+| `ReturnNull()`                    | Return a null pointer.                        |
+| `ReturnPointee(ptr)`              | Return the value pointed to by `ptr`.         |
+| `ReturnRef(variable)`             | Return a reference to `variable`.             |
+| `ReturnRefOfCopy(value)`          | Return a reference to a copy of `value`; the  copy lives as long as the action. |
+| `ReturnRoundRobin({a1, ..., ak})` | Each call will return the next `ai` in the list, starting at the beginning when the end of the list is reached. |
+
+## Side Effects
+
+|                                    |                                         |
+| :--------------------------------- | :-------------------------------------- |
+| `Assign(&variable, value)` | Assign `value` to variable. |
+| `DeleteArg<N>()` | Delete the `N`-th (0-based) argument, which must be a pointer. |
+| `SaveArg<N>(pointer)` | Save the `N`-th (0-based) argument to `*pointer`. |
+| `SaveArgPointee<N>(pointer)` | Save the value pointed to by the `N`-th (0-based) argument to `*pointer`. |
+| `SetArgReferee<N>(value)` | Assign `value` to the variable referenced by the `N`-th (0-based) argument. |
+| `SetArgPointee<N>(value)` | Assign `value` to the variable pointed by the `N`-th (0-based) argument. |
+| `SetArgumentPointee<N>(value)` | Same as `SetArgPointee<N>(value)`. Deprecated. Will be removed in v1.7.0. |
+| `SetArrayArgument<N>(first, last)` | Copies the elements in source range [`first`, `last`) to the array pointed to by the `N`-th (0-based) argument, which can be either a pointer or an iterator. The action does not take ownership of the elements in the source range. |
+| `SetErrnoAndReturn(error, value)` | Set `errno` to `error` and return `value`. |
+| `Throw(exception)` | Throws the given exception, which can be any copyable value. Available since v1.1.0. |
+
+## Using a Function, Functor, or Lambda as an Action
+
+In the following, by "callable" we mean a free function, `std::function`,
+functor, or lambda.
+
+|                                     |                                        |
+| :---------------------------------- | :------------------------------------- |
+| `f` | Invoke f with the arguments passed to the mock function, where f is a callable. |
+| `Invoke(f)` | Invoke `f` with the arguments passed to the mock function, where `f` can be a global/static function or a functor. |
+| `Invoke(object_pointer, &class::method)` | Invoke the method on the object with the arguments passed to the mock function. |
+| `InvokeWithoutArgs(f)` | Invoke `f`, which can be a global/static function or a functor. `f` must take no arguments. |
+| `InvokeWithoutArgs(object_pointer, &class::method)` | Invoke the method on the object, which takes no arguments. |
+| `InvokeArgument<N>(arg1, arg2, ..., argk)` | Invoke the mock function's `N`-th (0-based) argument, which must be a function or a functor, with the `k` arguments. |
+
+The return value of the invoked function is used as the return value of the
+action.
+
+When defining a callable to be used with `Invoke*()`, you can declare any unused
+parameters as `Unused`:
+
+```cpp
+using ::testing::Invoke;
+double Distance(Unused, double x, double y) { return sqrt(x*x + y*y); }
+...
+EXPECT_CALL(mock, Foo("Hi", _, _)).WillOnce(Invoke(Distance));
+```
+
+`Invoke(callback)` and `InvokeWithoutArgs(callback)` take ownership of
+`callback`, which must be permanent. The type of `callback` must be a base
+callback type instead of a derived one, e.g.
+
+```cpp
+  BlockingClosure* done = new BlockingClosure;
+  ... Invoke(done) ...;  // This won't compile!
+
+  Closure* done2 = new BlockingClosure;
+  ... Invoke(done2) ...;  // This works.
+```
+
+In `InvokeArgument<N>(...)`, if an argument needs to be passed by reference,
+wrap it inside `std::ref()`. For example,
+
+```cpp
+using ::testing::InvokeArgument;
+...
+InvokeArgument<2>(5, string("Hi"), std::ref(foo))
+```
+
+calls the mock function's #2 argument, passing to it `5` and `string("Hi")` by
+value, and `foo` by reference.
+
+## Default Action
+
+| Matcher       | Description                                            |
+| :------------ | :----------------------------------------------------- |
+| `DoDefault()` | Do the default action (specified by `ON_CALL()` or the built-in one). |
+
+{: .callout .note}
+**Note:** due to technical reasons, `DoDefault()` cannot be used inside a
+composite action - trying to do so will result in a run-time error.
+
+## Composite Actions
+
+|                                |                                             |
+| :----------------------------- | :------------------------------------------ |
+| `DoAll(a1, a2, ..., an)`       | Do all actions `a1` to `an` and return the result of `an` in each invocation. The first `n - 1` sub-actions must return void and will receive a  readonly view of the arguments. |
+| `IgnoreResult(a)`              | Perform action `a` and ignore its result. `a` must not return void. |
+| `WithArg<N>(a)`                | Pass the `N`-th (0-based) argument of the mock function to action `a` and perform it. |
+| `WithArgs<N1, N2, ..., Nk>(a)` | Pass the selected (0-based) arguments of the mock function to action `a` and perform it. |
+| `WithoutArgs(a)`               | Perform action `a` without any arguments. |
+
+## Defining Actions
+
+|                                    |                                         |
+| :--------------------------------- | :-------------------------------------- |
+| `ACTION(Sum) { return arg0 + arg1; }` | Defines an action `Sum()` to return the sum of the mock function's argument #0 and #1. |
+| `ACTION_P(Plus, n) { return arg0 + n; }` | Defines an action `Plus(n)` to return the sum of the mock function's argument #0 and `n`. |
+| `ACTION_Pk(Foo, p1, ..., pk) { statements; }` | Defines a parameterized action `Foo(p1, ..., pk)` to execute the given `statements`. |
+
+The `ACTION*` macros cannot be used inside a function or class.
diff --git a/docs/reference/assertions.md b/docs/reference/assertions.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7bf03a3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/reference/assertions.md
@@ -0,0 +1,633 @@
+# Assertions Reference
+
+This page lists the assertion macros provided by GoogleTest for verifying code
+behavior. To use them, include the header `gtest/gtest.h`.
+
+The majority of the macros listed below come as a pair with an `EXPECT_` variant
+and an `ASSERT_` variant. Upon failure, `EXPECT_` macros generate nonfatal
+failures and allow the current function to continue running, while `ASSERT_`
+macros generate fatal failures and abort the current function.
+
+All assertion macros support streaming a custom failure message into them with
+the `<<` operator, for example:
+
+```cpp
+EXPECT_TRUE(my_condition) << "My condition is not true";
+```
+
+Anything that can be streamed to an `ostream` can be streamed to an assertion
+macro—in particular, C strings and string objects. If a wide string (`wchar_t*`,
+`TCHAR*` in `UNICODE` mode on Windows, or `std::wstring`) is streamed to an
+assertion, it will be translated to UTF-8 when printed.
+
+## Explicit Success and Failure {#success-failure}
+
+The assertions in this section generate a success or failure directly instead of
+testing a value or expression. These are useful when control flow, rather than a
+Boolean expression, determines the test's success or failure, as shown by the
+following example:
+
+```c++
+switch(expression) {
+  case 1:
+    ... some checks ...
+  case 2:
+    ... some other checks ...
+  default:
+    FAIL() << "We shouldn't get here.";
+}
+```
+
+### SUCCEED {#SUCCEED}
+
+`SUCCEED()`
+
+Generates a success. This *does not* make the overall test succeed. A test is
+considered successful only if none of its assertions fail during its execution.
+
+The `SUCCEED` assertion is purely documentary and currently doesn't generate any
+user-visible output. However, we may add `SUCCEED` messages to GoogleTest output
+in the future.
+
+### FAIL {#FAIL}
+
+`FAIL()`
+
+Generates a fatal failure, which returns from the current function.
+
+Can only be used in functions that return `void`. See
+[Assertion Placement](../advanced.md#assertion-placement) for more information.
+
+### ADD_FAILURE {#ADD_FAILURE}
+
+`ADD_FAILURE()`
+
+Generates a nonfatal failure, which allows the current function to continue
+running.
+
+### ADD_FAILURE_AT {#ADD_FAILURE_AT}
+
+`ADD_FAILURE_AT(`*`file_path`*`,`*`line_number`*`)`
+
+Generates a nonfatal failure at the file and line number specified.
+
+## Generalized Assertion {#generalized}
+
+The following assertion allows [matchers](matchers.md) to be used to verify
+values.
+
+### EXPECT_THAT {#EXPECT_THAT}
+
+`EXPECT_THAT(`*`value`*`,`*`matcher`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_THAT(`*`value`*`,`*`matcher`*`)`
+
+Verifies that *`value`* matches the [matcher](matchers.md) *`matcher`*.
+
+For example, the following code verifies that the string `value1` starts with
+`"Hello"`, `value2` matches a regular expression, and `value3` is between 5 and
+10:
+
+```cpp
+#include "gmock/gmock.h"
+
+using ::testing::AllOf;
+using ::testing::Gt;
+using ::testing::Lt;
+using ::testing::MatchesRegex;
+using ::testing::StartsWith;
+
+...
+EXPECT_THAT(value1, StartsWith("Hello"));
+EXPECT_THAT(value2, MatchesRegex("Line \\d+"));
+ASSERT_THAT(value3, AllOf(Gt(5), Lt(10)));
+```
+
+Matchers enable assertions of this form to read like English and generate
+informative failure messages. For example, if the above assertion on `value1`
+fails, the resulting message will be similar to the following:
+
+```
+Value of: value1
+  Actual: "Hi, world!"
+Expected: starts with "Hello"
+```
+
+GoogleTest provides a built-in library of matchers—see the
+[Matchers Reference](matchers.md). It is also possible to write your own
+matchers—see [Writing New Matchers Quickly](../gmock_cook_book.md#NewMatchers).
+The use of matchers makes `EXPECT_THAT` a powerful, extensible assertion.
+
+*The idea for this assertion was borrowed from Joe Walnes' Hamcrest project,
+which adds `assertThat()` to JUnit.*
+
+## Boolean Conditions {#boolean}
+
+The following assertions test Boolean conditions.
+
+### EXPECT_TRUE {#EXPECT_TRUE}
+
+`EXPECT_TRUE(`*`condition`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_TRUE(`*`condition`*`)`
+
+Verifies that *`condition`* is true.
+
+### EXPECT_FALSE {#EXPECT_FALSE}
+
+`EXPECT_FALSE(`*`condition`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_FALSE(`*`condition`*`)`
+
+Verifies that *`condition`* is false.
+
+## Binary Comparison {#binary-comparison}
+
+The following assertions compare two values. The value arguments must be
+comparable by the assertion's comparison operator, otherwise a compiler error
+will result.
+
+If an argument supports the `<<` operator, it will be called to print the
+argument when the assertion fails. Otherwise, GoogleTest will attempt to print
+them in the best way it can—see
+[Teaching GoogleTest How to Print Your Values](../advanced.md#teaching-googletest-how-to-print-your-values).
+
+Arguments are always evaluated exactly once, so it's OK for the arguments to
+have side effects. However, the argument evaluation order is undefined and
+programs should not depend on any particular argument evaluation order.
+
+These assertions work with both narrow and wide string objects (`string` and
+`wstring`).
+
+See also the [Floating-Point Comparison](#floating-point) assertions to compare
+floating-point numbers and avoid problems caused by rounding.
+
+### EXPECT_EQ {#EXPECT_EQ}
+
+`EXPECT_EQ(`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_EQ(`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`)`
+
+Verifies that *`val1`*`==`*`val2`*.
+
+Does pointer equality on pointers. If used on two C strings, it tests if they
+are in the same memory location, not if they have the same value. Use
+[`EXPECT_STREQ`](#EXPECT_STREQ) to compare C strings (e.g. `const char*`) by
+value.
+
+When comparing a pointer to `NULL`, use `EXPECT_EQ(`*`ptr`*`, nullptr)` instead
+of `EXPECT_EQ(`*`ptr`*`, NULL)`.
+
+### EXPECT_NE {#EXPECT_NE}
+
+`EXPECT_NE(`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_NE(`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`)`
+
+Verifies that *`val1`*`!=`*`val2`*.
+
+Does pointer equality on pointers. If used on two C strings, it tests if they
+are in different memory locations, not if they have different values. Use
+[`EXPECT_STRNE`](#EXPECT_STRNE) to compare C strings (e.g. `const char*`) by
+value.
+
+When comparing a pointer to `NULL`, use `EXPECT_NE(`*`ptr`*`, nullptr)` instead
+of `EXPECT_NE(`*`ptr`*`, NULL)`.
+
+### EXPECT_LT {#EXPECT_LT}
+
+`EXPECT_LT(`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_LT(`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`)`
+
+Verifies that *`val1`*`<`*`val2`*.
+
+### EXPECT_LE {#EXPECT_LE}
+
+`EXPECT_LE(`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_LE(`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`)`
+
+Verifies that *`val1`*`<=`*`val2`*.
+
+### EXPECT_GT {#EXPECT_GT}
+
+`EXPECT_GT(`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_GT(`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`)`
+
+Verifies that *`val1`*`>`*`val2`*.
+
+### EXPECT_GE {#EXPECT_GE}
+
+`EXPECT_GE(`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_GE(`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`)`
+
+Verifies that *`val1`*`>=`*`val2`*.
+
+## String Comparison {#c-strings}
+
+The following assertions compare two **C strings**. To compare two `string`
+objects, use [`EXPECT_EQ`](#EXPECT_EQ) or [`EXPECT_NE`](#EXPECT_NE) instead.
+
+These assertions also accept wide C strings (`wchar_t*`). If a comparison of two
+wide strings fails, their values will be printed as UTF-8 narrow strings.
+
+To compare a C string with `NULL`, use `EXPECT_EQ(`*`c_string`*`, nullptr)` or
+`EXPECT_NE(`*`c_string`*`, nullptr)`.
+
+### EXPECT_STREQ {#EXPECT_STREQ}
+
+`EXPECT_STREQ(`*`str1`*`,`*`str2`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_STREQ(`*`str1`*`,`*`str2`*`)`
+
+Verifies that the two C strings *`str1`* and *`str2`* have the same contents.
+
+### EXPECT_STRNE {#EXPECT_STRNE}
+
+`EXPECT_STRNE(`*`str1`*`,`*`str2`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_STRNE(`*`str1`*`,`*`str2`*`)`
+
+Verifies that the two C strings *`str1`* and *`str2`* have different contents.
+
+### EXPECT_STRCASEEQ {#EXPECT_STRCASEEQ}
+
+`EXPECT_STRCASEEQ(`*`str1`*`,`*`str2`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_STRCASEEQ(`*`str1`*`,`*`str2`*`)`
+
+Verifies that the two C strings *`str1`* and *`str2`* have the same contents,
+ignoring case.
+
+### EXPECT_STRCASENE {#EXPECT_STRCASENE}
+
+`EXPECT_STRCASENE(`*`str1`*`,`*`str2`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_STRCASENE(`*`str1`*`,`*`str2`*`)`
+
+Verifies that the two C strings *`str1`* and *`str2`* have different contents,
+ignoring case.
+
+## Floating-Point Comparison {#floating-point}
+
+The following assertions compare two floating-point values.
+
+Due to rounding errors, it is very unlikely that two floating-point values will
+match exactly, so `EXPECT_EQ` is not suitable. In general, for floating-point
+comparison to make sense, the user needs to carefully choose the error bound.
+
+GoogleTest also provides assertions that use a default error bound based on
+Units in the Last Place (ULPs). To learn more about ULPs, see the article
+[Comparing Floating Point Numbers](https://randomascii.wordpress.com/2012/02/25/comparing-floating-point-numbers-2012-edition/).
+
+### EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ {#EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ}
+
+`EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_FLOAT_EQ(`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`)`
+
+Verifies that the two `float` values *`val1`* and *`val2`* are approximately
+equal, to within 4 ULPs from each other.
+
+### EXPECT_DOUBLE_EQ {#EXPECT_DOUBLE_EQ}
+
+`EXPECT_DOUBLE_EQ(`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_DOUBLE_EQ(`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`)`
+
+Verifies that the two `double` values *`val1`* and *`val2`* are approximately
+equal, to within 4 ULPs from each other.
+
+### EXPECT_NEAR {#EXPECT_NEAR}
+
+`EXPECT_NEAR(`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`,`*`abs_error`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_NEAR(`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`,`*`abs_error`*`)`
+
+Verifies that the difference between *`val1`* and *`val2`* does not exceed the
+absolute error bound *`abs_error`*.
+
+## Exception Assertions {#exceptions}
+
+The following assertions verify that a piece of code throws, or does not throw,
+an exception. Usage requires exceptions to be enabled in the build environment.
+
+Note that the piece of code under test can be a compound statement, for example:
+
+```cpp
+EXPECT_NO_THROW({
+  int n = 5;
+  DoSomething(&n);
+});
+```
+
+### EXPECT_THROW {#EXPECT_THROW}
+
+`EXPECT_THROW(`*`statement`*`,`*`exception_type`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_THROW(`*`statement`*`,`*`exception_type`*`)`
+
+Verifies that *`statement`* throws an exception of type *`exception_type`*.
+
+### EXPECT_ANY_THROW {#EXPECT_ANY_THROW}
+
+`EXPECT_ANY_THROW(`*`statement`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_ANY_THROW(`*`statement`*`)`
+
+Verifies that *`statement`* throws an exception of any type.
+
+### EXPECT_NO_THROW {#EXPECT_NO_THROW}
+
+`EXPECT_NO_THROW(`*`statement`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_NO_THROW(`*`statement`*`)`
+
+Verifies that *`statement`* does not throw any exception.
+
+## Predicate Assertions {#predicates}
+
+The following assertions enable more complex predicates to be verified while
+printing a more clear failure message than if `EXPECT_TRUE` were used alone.
+
+### EXPECT_PRED* {#EXPECT_PRED}
+
+`EXPECT_PRED1(`*`pred`*`,`*`val1`*`)` \
+`EXPECT_PRED2(`*`pred`*`,`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`)` \
+`EXPECT_PRED3(`*`pred`*`,`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`,`*`val3`*`)` \
+`EXPECT_PRED4(`*`pred`*`,`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`,`*`val3`*`,`*`val4`*`)` \
+`EXPECT_PRED5(`*`pred`*`,`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`,`*`val3`*`,`*`val4`*`,`*`val5`*`)`
+
+`ASSERT_PRED1(`*`pred`*`,`*`val1`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_PRED2(`*`pred`*`,`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_PRED3(`*`pred`*`,`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`,`*`val3`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_PRED4(`*`pred`*`,`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`,`*`val3`*`,`*`val4`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_PRED5(`*`pred`*`,`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`,`*`val3`*`,`*`val4`*`,`*`val5`*`)`
+
+Verifies that the predicate *`pred`* returns `true` when passed the given values
+as arguments.
+
+The parameter *`pred`* is a function or functor that accepts as many arguments
+as the corresponding macro accepts values. If *`pred`* returns `true` for the
+given arguments, the assertion succeeds, otherwise the assertion fails.
+
+When the assertion fails, it prints the value of each argument. Arguments are
+always evaluated exactly once.
+
+As an example, see the following code:
+
+```cpp
+// Returns true if m and n have no common divisors except 1.
+bool MutuallyPrime(int m, int n) { ... }
+...
+const int a = 3;
+const int b = 4;
+const int c = 10;
+...
+EXPECT_PRED2(MutuallyPrime, a, b);  // Succeeds
+EXPECT_PRED2(MutuallyPrime, b, c);  // Fails
+```
+
+In the above example, the first assertion succeeds, and the second fails with
+the following message:
+
+```
+MutuallyPrime(b, c) is false, where
+b is 4
+c is 10
+```
+
+Note that if the given predicate is an overloaded function or a function
+template, the assertion macro might not be able to determine which version to
+use, and it might be necessary to explicitly specify the type of the function.
+For example, for a Boolean function `IsPositive()` overloaded to take either a
+single `int` or `double` argument, it would be necessary to write one of the
+following:
+
+```cpp
+EXPECT_PRED1(static_cast<bool (*)(int)>(IsPositive), 5);
+EXPECT_PRED1(static_cast<bool (*)(double)>(IsPositive), 3.14);
+```
+
+Writing simply `EXPECT_PRED1(IsPositive, 5);` would result in a compiler error.
+Similarly, to use a template function, specify the template arguments:
+
+```cpp
+template <typename T>
+bool IsNegative(T x) {
+  return x < 0;
+}
+...
+EXPECT_PRED1(IsNegative<int>, -5);  // Must specify type for IsNegative
+```
+
+If a template has multiple parameters, wrap the predicate in parentheses so the
+macro arguments are parsed correctly:
+
+```cpp
+ASSERT_PRED2((MyPredicate<int, int>), 5, 0);
+```
+
+### EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT* {#EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT}
+
+`EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT1(`*`pred_formatter`*`,`*`val1`*`)` \
+`EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT2(`*`pred_formatter`*`,`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`)` \
+`EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT3(`*`pred_formatter`*`,`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`,`*`val3`*`)` \
+`EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT4(`*`pred_formatter`*`,`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`,`*`val3`*`,`*`val4`*`)`
+\
+`EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT5(`*`pred_formatter`*`,`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`,`*`val3`*`,`*`val4`*`,`*`val5`*`)`
+
+`ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT1(`*`pred_formatter`*`,`*`val1`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT2(`*`pred_formatter`*`,`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT3(`*`pred_formatter`*`,`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`,`*`val3`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT4(`*`pred_formatter`*`,`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`,`*`val3`*`,`*`val4`*`)`
+\
+`ASSERT_PRED_FORMAT5(`*`pred_formatter`*`,`*`val1`*`,`*`val2`*`,`*`val3`*`,`*`val4`*`,`*`val5`*`)`
+
+Verifies that the predicate *`pred_formatter`* succeeds when passed the given
+values as arguments.
+
+The parameter *`pred_formatter`* is a *predicate-formatter*, which is a function
+or functor with the signature:
+
+```cpp
+testing::AssertionResult PredicateFormatter(const char* expr1,
+                                            const char* expr2,
+                                            ...
+                                            const char* exprn,
+                                            T1 val1,
+                                            T2 val2,
+                                            ...
+                                            Tn valn);
+```
+
+where *`val1`*, *`val2`*, ..., *`valn`* are the values of the predicate
+arguments, and *`expr1`*, *`expr2`*, ..., *`exprn`* are the corresponding
+expressions as they appear in the source code. The types `T1`, `T2`, ..., `Tn`
+can be either value types or reference types; if an argument has type `T`, it
+can be declared as either `T` or `const T&`, whichever is appropriate. For more
+about the return type `testing::AssertionResult`, see
+[Using a Function That Returns an AssertionResult](../advanced.md#using-a-function-that-returns-an-assertionresult).
+
+As an example, see the following code:
+
+```cpp
+// Returns the smallest prime common divisor of m and n,
+// or 1 when m and n are mutually prime.
+int SmallestPrimeCommonDivisor(int m, int n) { ... }
+
+// Returns true if m and n have no common divisors except 1.
+bool MutuallyPrime(int m, int n) { ... }
+
+// A predicate-formatter for asserting that two integers are mutually prime.
+testing::AssertionResult AssertMutuallyPrime(const char* m_expr,
+                                             const char* n_expr,
+                                             int m,
+                                             int n) {
+  if (MutuallyPrime(m, n)) return testing::AssertionSuccess();
+
+  return testing::AssertionFailure() << m_expr << " and " << n_expr
+      << " (" << m << " and " << n << ") are not mutually prime, "
+      << "as they have a common divisor " << SmallestPrimeCommonDivisor(m, n);
+}
+
+...
+const int a = 3;
+const int b = 4;
+const int c = 10;
+...
+EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT2(AssertMutuallyPrime, a, b);  // Succeeds
+EXPECT_PRED_FORMAT2(AssertMutuallyPrime, b, c);  // Fails
+```
+
+In the above example, the final assertion fails and the predicate-formatter
+produces the following failure message:
+
+```
+b and c (4 and 10) are not mutually prime, as they have a common divisor 2
+```
+
+## Windows HRESULT Assertions {#HRESULT}
+
+The following assertions test for `HRESULT` success or failure. For example:
+
+```cpp
+CComPtr<IShellDispatch2> shell;
+ASSERT_HRESULT_SUCCEEDED(shell.CoCreateInstance(L"Shell.Application"));
+CComVariant empty;
+ASSERT_HRESULT_SUCCEEDED(shell->ShellExecute(CComBSTR(url), empty, empty, empty, empty));
+```
+
+The generated output contains the human-readable error message associated with
+the returned `HRESULT` code.
+
+### EXPECT_HRESULT_SUCCEEDED {#EXPECT_HRESULT_SUCCEEDED}
+
+`EXPECT_HRESULT_SUCCEEDED(`*`expression`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_HRESULT_SUCCEEDED(`*`expression`*`)`
+
+Verifies that *`expression`* is a success `HRESULT`.
+
+### EXPECT_HRESULT_FAILED {#EXPECT_HRESULT_FAILED}
+
+`EXPECT_HRESULT_FAILED(`*`expression`*`)` \
+`EXPECT_HRESULT_FAILED(`*`expression`*`)`
+
+Verifies that *`expression`* is a failure `HRESULT`.
+
+## Death Assertions {#death}
+
+The following assertions verify that a piece of code causes the process to
+terminate. For context, see [Death Tests](../advanced.md#death-tests).
+
+These assertions spawn a new process and execute the code under test in that
+process. How that happens depends on the platform and the variable
+`::testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style)`, which is initialized from the
+command-line flag `--gtest_death_test_style`.
+
+*   On POSIX systems, `fork()` (or `clone()` on Linux) is used to spawn the
+    child, after which:
+    *   If the variable's value is `"fast"`, the death test statement is
+        immediately executed.
+    *   If the variable's value is `"threadsafe"`, the child process re-executes
+        the unit test binary just as it was originally invoked, but with some
+        extra flags to cause just the single death test under consideration to
+        be run.
+*   On Windows, the child is spawned using the `CreateProcess()` API, and
+    re-executes the binary to cause just the single death test under
+    consideration to be run - much like the `"threadsafe"` mode on POSIX.
+
+Other values for the variable are illegal and will cause the death test to fail.
+Currently, the flag's default value is
+**`"fast"`**.
+
+If the death test statement runs to completion without dying, the child process
+will nonetheless terminate, and the assertion fails.
+
+Note that the piece of code under test can be a compound statement, for example:
+
+```cpp
+EXPECT_DEATH({
+  int n = 5;
+  DoSomething(&n);
+}, "Error on line .* of DoSomething()");
+```
+
+### EXPECT_DEATH {#EXPECT_DEATH}
+
+`EXPECT_DEATH(`*`statement`*`,`*`matcher`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_DEATH(`*`statement`*`,`*`matcher`*`)`
+
+Verifies that *`statement`* causes the process to terminate with a nonzero exit
+status and produces `stderr` output that matches *`matcher`*.
+
+The parameter *`matcher`* is either a [matcher](matchers.md) for a `const
+std::string&`, or a regular expression (see
+[Regular Expression Syntax](../advanced.md#regular-expression-syntax))—a bare
+string *`s`* (with no matcher) is treated as
+[`ContainsRegex(s)`](matchers.md#string-matchers), **not**
+[`Eq(s)`](matchers.md#generic-comparison).
+
+For example, the following code verifies that calling `DoSomething(42)` causes
+the process to die with an error message that contains the text `My error`:
+
+```cpp
+EXPECT_DEATH(DoSomething(42), "My error");
+```
+
+### EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED {#EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED}
+
+`EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(`*`statement`*`,`*`matcher`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(`*`statement`*`,`*`matcher`*`)`
+
+If death tests are supported, behaves the same as
+[`EXPECT_DEATH`](#EXPECT_DEATH). Otherwise, verifies nothing.
+
+### EXPECT_DEBUG_DEATH {#EXPECT_DEBUG_DEATH}
+
+`EXPECT_DEBUG_DEATH(`*`statement`*`,`*`matcher`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_DEBUG_DEATH(`*`statement`*`,`*`matcher`*`)`
+
+In debug mode, behaves the same as [`EXPECT_DEATH`](#EXPECT_DEATH). When not in
+debug mode (i.e. `NDEBUG` is defined), just executes *`statement`*.
+
+### EXPECT_EXIT {#EXPECT_EXIT}
+
+`EXPECT_EXIT(`*`statement`*`,`*`predicate`*`,`*`matcher`*`)` \
+`ASSERT_EXIT(`*`statement`*`,`*`predicate`*`,`*`matcher`*`)`
+
+Verifies that *`statement`* causes the process to terminate with an exit status
+that satisfies *`predicate`*, and produces `stderr` output that matches
+*`matcher`*.
+
+The parameter *`predicate`* is a function or functor that accepts an `int` exit
+status and returns a `bool`. GoogleTest provides two predicates to handle common
+cases:
+
+```cpp
+// Returns true if the program exited normally with the given exit status code.
+::testing::ExitedWithCode(exit_code);
+
+// Returns true if the program was killed by the given signal.
+// Not available on Windows.
+::testing::KilledBySignal(signal_number);
+```
+
+The parameter *`matcher`* is either a [matcher](matchers.md) for a `const
+std::string&`, or a regular expression (see
+[Regular Expression Syntax](../advanced.md#regular-expression-syntax))—a bare
+string *`s`* (with no matcher) is treated as
+[`ContainsRegex(s)`](matchers.md#string-matchers), **not**
+[`Eq(s)`](matchers.md#generic-comparison).
+
+For example, the following code verifies that calling `NormalExit()` causes the
+process to print a message containing the text `Success` to `stderr` and exit
+with exit status code 0:
+
+```cpp
+EXPECT_EXIT(NormalExit(), testing::ExitedWithCode(0), "Success");
+```
diff --git a/docs/reference/matchers.md b/docs/reference/matchers.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9e40cab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/reference/matchers.md
@@ -0,0 +1,283 @@
+# Matchers Reference
+
+A **matcher** matches a *single* argument. You can use it inside `ON_CALL()` or
+`EXPECT_CALL()`, or use it to validate a value directly using two macros:
+
+| Macro                                | Description                           |
+| :----------------------------------- | :------------------------------------ |
+| `EXPECT_THAT(actual_value, matcher)` | Asserts that `actual_value` matches `matcher`. |
+| `ASSERT_THAT(actual_value, matcher)` | The same as `EXPECT_THAT(actual_value, matcher)`, except that it generates a **fatal** failure. |
+
+{: .callout .note}
+**Note:** Although equality matching via `EXPECT_THAT(actual_value,
+expected_value)` is supported, prefer to make the comparison explicit via
+`EXPECT_THAT(actual_value, Eq(expected_value))` or `EXPECT_EQ(actual_value,
+expected_value)`.
+
+Built-in matchers (where `argument` is the function argument, e.g.
+`actual_value` in the example above, or when used in the context of
+`EXPECT_CALL(mock_object, method(matchers))`, the arguments of `method`) are
+divided into several categories. All matchers are defined in the `::testing`
+namespace unless otherwise noted.
+
+## Wildcard
+
+Matcher                     | Description
+:-------------------------- | :-----------------------------------------------
+`_`                         | `argument` can be any value of the correct type.
+`A<type>()` or `An<type>()` | `argument` can be any value of type `type`.
+
+## Generic Comparison
+
+| Matcher                | Description                                         |
+| :--------------------- | :-------------------------------------------------- |
+| `Eq(value)` or `value` | `argument == value`                                 |
+| `Ge(value)`            | `argument >= value`                                 |
+| `Gt(value)`            | `argument > value`                                  |
+| `Le(value)`            | `argument <= value`                                 |
+| `Lt(value)`            | `argument < value`                                  |
+| `Ne(value)`            | `argument != value`                                 |
+| `IsFalse()`            | `argument` evaluates to `false` in a Boolean context. |
+| `IsTrue()`             | `argument` evaluates to `true` in a Boolean context. |
+| `IsNull()`             | `argument` is a `NULL` pointer (raw or smart).      |
+| `NotNull()`            | `argument` is a non-null pointer (raw or smart).    |
+| `Optional(m)`          | `argument` is `optional<>` that contains a value matching `m`. (For testing whether an `optional<>` is set, check for equality with `nullopt`. You may need to use `Eq(nullopt)` if the inner type doesn't have `==`.)|
+| `VariantWith<T>(m)`    | `argument` is `variant<>` that holds the alternative of type T with a value matching `m`. |
+| `Ref(variable)`        | `argument` is a reference to `variable`.            |
+| `TypedEq<type>(value)` | `argument` has type `type` and is equal to `value`. You may need to use this instead of `Eq(value)` when the mock function is overloaded. |
+
+Except `Ref()`, these matchers make a *copy* of `value` in case it's modified or
+destructed later. If the compiler complains that `value` doesn't have a public
+copy constructor, try wrap it in `std::ref()`, e.g.
+`Eq(std::ref(non_copyable_value))`. If you do that, make sure
+`non_copyable_value` is not changed afterwards, or the meaning of your matcher
+will be changed.
+
+`IsTrue` and `IsFalse` are useful when you need to use a matcher, or for types
+that can be explicitly converted to Boolean, but are not implicitly converted to
+Boolean. In other cases, you can use the basic
+[`EXPECT_TRUE` and `EXPECT_FALSE`](assertions.md#boolean) assertions.
+
+## Floating-Point Matchers {#FpMatchers}
+
+| Matcher                          | Description                        |
+| :------------------------------- | :--------------------------------- |
+| `DoubleEq(a_double)`             | `argument` is a `double` value approximately equal to `a_double`, treating two NaNs as unequal. |
+| `FloatEq(a_float)`               | `argument` is a `float` value approximately equal to `a_float`, treating two NaNs as unequal. |
+| `NanSensitiveDoubleEq(a_double)` | `argument` is a `double` value approximately equal to `a_double`, treating two NaNs as equal. |
+| `NanSensitiveFloatEq(a_float)`   | `argument` is a `float` value approximately equal to `a_float`, treating two NaNs as equal. |
+| `IsNan()`   | `argument` is any floating-point type with a NaN value. |
+
+The above matchers use ULP-based comparison (the same as used in googletest).
+They automatically pick a reasonable error bound based on the absolute value of
+the expected value. `DoubleEq()` and `FloatEq()` conform to the IEEE standard,
+which requires comparing two NaNs for equality to return false. The
+`NanSensitive*` version instead treats two NaNs as equal, which is often what a
+user wants.
+
+| Matcher                                           | Description              |
+| :------------------------------------------------ | :----------------------- |
+| `DoubleNear(a_double, max_abs_error)`             | `argument` is a `double` value close to `a_double` (absolute error <= `max_abs_error`), treating two NaNs as unequal. |
+| `FloatNear(a_float, max_abs_error)`               | `argument` is a `float` value close to `a_float` (absolute error <= `max_abs_error`), treating two NaNs as unequal. |
+| `NanSensitiveDoubleNear(a_double, max_abs_error)` | `argument` is a `double` value close to `a_double` (absolute error <= `max_abs_error`), treating two NaNs as equal. |
+| `NanSensitiveFloatNear(a_float, max_abs_error)`   | `argument` is a `float` value close to `a_float` (absolute error <= `max_abs_error`), treating two NaNs as equal. |
+
+## String Matchers
+
+The `argument` can be either a C string or a C++ string object:
+
+| Matcher                 | Description                                        |
+| :---------------------- | :------------------------------------------------- |
+| `ContainsRegex(string)` | `argument` matches the given regular expression.   |
+| `EndsWith(suffix)`      | `argument` ends with string `suffix`.              |
+| `HasSubstr(string)`     | `argument` contains `string` as a sub-string.      |
+| `IsEmpty()`             | `argument` is an empty string.                     |
+| `MatchesRegex(string)`  | `argument` matches the given regular expression with the match starting at the first character and ending at the last character. |
+| `StartsWith(prefix)`    | `argument` starts with string `prefix`.            |
+| `StrCaseEq(string)`     | `argument` is equal to `string`, ignoring case.    |
+| `StrCaseNe(string)`     | `argument` is not equal to `string`, ignoring case. |
+| `StrEq(string)`         | `argument` is equal to `string`.                   |
+| `StrNe(string)`         | `argument` is not equal to `string`.               |
+
+`ContainsRegex()` and `MatchesRegex()` take ownership of the `RE` object. They
+use the regular expression syntax defined
+[here](../advanced.md#regular-expression-syntax). All of these matchers, except
+`ContainsRegex()` and `MatchesRegex()` work for wide strings as well.
+
+## Container Matchers
+
+Most STL-style containers support `==`, so you can use `Eq(expected_container)`
+or simply `expected_container` to match a container exactly. If you want to
+write the elements in-line, match them more flexibly, or get more informative
+messages, you can use:
+
+| Matcher                                   | Description                      |
+| :---------------------------------------- | :------------------------------- |
+| `BeginEndDistanceIs(m)` | `argument` is a container whose `begin()` and `end()` iterators are separated by a number of increments matching `m`. E.g. `BeginEndDistanceIs(2)` or `BeginEndDistanceIs(Lt(2))`. For containers that define a `size()` method, `SizeIs(m)` may be more efficient. |
+| `ContainerEq(container)` | The same as `Eq(container)` except that the failure message also includes which elements are in one container but not the other. |
+| `Contains(e)` | `argument` contains an element that matches `e`, which can be either a value or a matcher. |
+| `Each(e)` | `argument` is a container where *every* element matches `e`, which can be either a value or a matcher. |
+| `ElementsAre(e0, e1, ..., en)` | `argument` has `n + 1` elements, where the *i*-th element matches `ei`, which can be a value or a matcher. |
+| `ElementsAreArray({e0, e1, ..., en})`, `ElementsAreArray(a_container)`, `ElementsAreArray(begin, end)`, `ElementsAreArray(array)`, or `ElementsAreArray(array, count)` | The same as `ElementsAre()` except that the expected element values/matchers come from an initializer list, STL-style container, iterator range, or C-style array. |
+| `IsEmpty()` | `argument` is an empty container (`container.empty()`). |
+| `IsSubsetOf({e0, e1, ..., en})`, `IsSubsetOf(a_container)`, `IsSubsetOf(begin, end)`, `IsSubsetOf(array)`, or `IsSubsetOf(array, count)` | `argument` matches `UnorderedElementsAre(x0, x1, ..., xk)` for some subset `{x0, x1, ..., xk}` of the expected matchers. |
+| `IsSupersetOf({e0, e1, ..., en})`, `IsSupersetOf(a_container)`, `IsSupersetOf(begin, end)`, `IsSupersetOf(array)`, or `IsSupersetOf(array, count)` | Some subset of `argument` matches `UnorderedElementsAre(`expected matchers`)`. |
+| `Pointwise(m, container)`, `Pointwise(m, {e0, e1, ..., en})` | `argument` contains the same number of elements as in `container`, and for all i, (the i-th element in `argument`, the i-th element in `container`) match `m`, which is a matcher on 2-tuples. E.g. `Pointwise(Le(), upper_bounds)` verifies that each element in `argument` doesn't exceed the corresponding element in `upper_bounds`. See more detail below. |
+| `SizeIs(m)` | `argument` is a container whose size matches `m`. E.g. `SizeIs(2)` or `SizeIs(Lt(2))`. |
+| `UnorderedElementsAre(e0, e1, ..., en)` | `argument` has `n + 1` elements, and under *some* permutation of the elements, each element matches an `ei` (for a different `i`), which can be a value or a matcher. |
+| `UnorderedElementsAreArray({e0, e1, ..., en})`, `UnorderedElementsAreArray(a_container)`, `UnorderedElementsAreArray(begin, end)`, `UnorderedElementsAreArray(array)`, or `UnorderedElementsAreArray(array, count)` | The same as `UnorderedElementsAre()` except that the expected element values/matchers come from an initializer list, STL-style container, iterator range, or C-style array. |
+| `UnorderedPointwise(m, container)`, `UnorderedPointwise(m, {e0, e1, ..., en})` | Like `Pointwise(m, container)`, but ignores the order of elements. |
+| `WhenSorted(m)` | When `argument` is sorted using the `<` operator, it matches container matcher `m`. E.g. `WhenSorted(ElementsAre(1, 2, 3))` verifies that `argument` contains elements 1, 2, and 3, ignoring order. |
+| `WhenSortedBy(comparator, m)` | The same as `WhenSorted(m)`, except that the given comparator instead of `<` is used to sort `argument`. E.g. `WhenSortedBy(std::greater(), ElementsAre(3, 2, 1))`. |
+
+**Notes:**
+
+*   These matchers can also match:
+    1.  a native array passed by reference (e.g. in `Foo(const int (&a)[5])`),
+        and
+    2.  an array passed as a pointer and a count (e.g. in `Bar(const T* buffer,
+        int len)` -- see [Multi-argument Matchers](#MultiArgMatchers)).
+*   The array being matched may be multi-dimensional (i.e. its elements can be
+    arrays).
+*   `m` in `Pointwise(m, ...)` and `UnorderedPointwise(m, ...)` should be a
+    matcher for `::std::tuple<T, U>` where `T` and `U` are the element type of
+    the actual container and the expected container, respectively. For example,
+    to compare two `Foo` containers where `Foo` doesn't support `operator==`,
+    one might write:
+
+    ```cpp
+    using ::std::get;
+    MATCHER(FooEq, "") {
+      return std::get<0>(arg).Equals(std::get<1>(arg));
+    }
+    ...
+    EXPECT_THAT(actual_foos, Pointwise(FooEq(), expected_foos));
+    ```
+
+## Member Matchers
+
+| Matcher                         | Description                                |
+| :------------------------------ | :----------------------------------------- |
+| `Field(&class::field, m)`       | `argument.field` (or `argument->field` when `argument` is a plain pointer) matches matcher `m`, where `argument` is an object of type _class_. |
+| `Field(field_name, &class::field, m)` | The same as the two-parameter version, but provides a better error message. |
+| `Key(e)`                        | `argument.first` matches `e`, which can be either a value or a matcher. E.g. `Contains(Key(Le(5)))` can verify that a `map` contains a key `<= 5`. |
+| `Pair(m1, m2)`                  | `argument` is an `std::pair` whose `first` field matches `m1` and `second` field matches `m2`. |
+| `FieldsAre(m...)`                   | `argument` is a compatible object where each field matches piecewise with the matchers `m...`. A compatible object is any that supports the `std::tuple_size<Obj>`+`get<I>(obj)` protocol. In C++17 and up this also supports types compatible with structured bindings, like aggregates. |
+| `Property(&class::property, m)` | `argument.property()` (or `argument->property()` when `argument` is a plain pointer) matches matcher `m`, where `argument` is an object of type _class_. The method `property()` must take no argument and be declared as `const`. |
+| `Property(property_name, &class::property, m)` | The same as the two-parameter version, but provides a better error message.
+
+**Notes:**
+
+*   You can use `FieldsAre()` to match any type that supports structured
+    bindings, such as `std::tuple`, `std::pair`, `std::array`, and aggregate
+    types. For example:
+
+    ```cpp
+    std::tuple<int, std::string> my_tuple{7, "hello world"};
+    EXPECT_THAT(my_tuple, FieldsAre(Ge(0), HasSubstr("hello")));
+
+    struct MyStruct {
+      int value = 42;
+      std::string greeting = "aloha";
+    };
+    MyStruct s;
+    EXPECT_THAT(s, FieldsAre(42, "aloha"));
+    ```
+
+*   Don't use `Property()` against member functions that you do not own, because
+    taking addresses of functions is fragile and generally not part of the
+    contract of the function.
+
+## Matching the Result of a Function, Functor, or Callback
+
+| Matcher          | Description                                       |
+| :--------------- | :------------------------------------------------ |
+| `ResultOf(f, m)` | `f(argument)` matches matcher `m`, where `f` is a function or functor. |
+
+## Pointer Matchers
+
+| Matcher                   | Description                                     |
+| :------------------------ | :---------------------------------------------- |
+| `Address(m)`              | the result of `std::addressof(argument)` matches `m`. |
+| `Pointee(m)`              | `argument` (either a smart pointer or a raw pointer) points to a value that matches matcher `m`. |
+| `Pointer(m)`              | `argument` (either a smart pointer or a raw pointer) contains a pointer that matches `m`. `m` will match against the raw pointer regardless of the type of `argument`. |
+| `WhenDynamicCastTo<T>(m)` | when `argument` is passed through `dynamic_cast<T>()`, it matches matcher `m`. |
+
+## Multi-argument Matchers {#MultiArgMatchers}
+
+Technically, all matchers match a *single* value. A "multi-argument" matcher is
+just one that matches a *tuple*. The following matchers can be used to match a
+tuple `(x, y)`:
+
+Matcher | Description
+:------ | :----------
+`Eq()`  | `x == y`
+`Ge()`  | `x >= y`
+`Gt()`  | `x > y`
+`Le()`  | `x <= y`
+`Lt()`  | `x < y`
+`Ne()`  | `x != y`
+
+You can use the following selectors to pick a subset of the arguments (or
+reorder them) to participate in the matching:
+
+| Matcher                    | Description                                     |
+| :------------------------- | :---------------------------------------------- |
+| `AllArgs(m)`               | Equivalent to `m`. Useful as syntactic sugar in `.With(AllArgs(m))`. |
+| `Args<N1, N2, ..., Nk>(m)` | The tuple of the `k` selected (using 0-based indices) arguments matches `m`, e.g. `Args<1, 2>(Eq())`. |
+
+## Composite Matchers
+
+You can make a matcher from one or more other matchers:
+
+| Matcher                          | Description                             |
+| :------------------------------- | :-------------------------------------- |
+| `AllOf(m1, m2, ..., mn)` | `argument` matches all of the matchers `m1` to `mn`. |
+| `AllOfArray({m0, m1, ..., mn})`, `AllOfArray(a_container)`, `AllOfArray(begin, end)`, `AllOfArray(array)`, or `AllOfArray(array, count)` | The same as `AllOf()` except that the matchers come from an initializer list, STL-style container, iterator range, or C-style array. |
+| `AnyOf(m1, m2, ..., mn)` | `argument` matches at least one of the matchers `m1` to `mn`. |
+| `AnyOfArray({m0, m1, ..., mn})`, `AnyOfArray(a_container)`, `AnyOfArray(begin, end)`, `AnyOfArray(array)`, or `AnyOfArray(array, count)` | The same as `AnyOf()` except that the matchers come from an initializer list, STL-style container, iterator range, or C-style array. |
+| `Not(m)` | `argument` doesn't match matcher `m`. |
+
+## Adapters for Matchers
+
+| Matcher                 | Description                           |
+| :---------------------- | :------------------------------------ |
+| `MatcherCast<T>(m)`     | casts matcher `m` to type `Matcher<T>`. |
+| `SafeMatcherCast<T>(m)` | [safely casts](../gmock_cook_book.md#SafeMatcherCast) matcher `m` to type `Matcher<T>`. |
+| `Truly(predicate)`      | `predicate(argument)` returns something considered by C++ to be true, where `predicate` is a function or functor. |
+
+`AddressSatisfies(callback)` and `Truly(callback)` take ownership of `callback`,
+which must be a permanent callback.
+
+## Using Matchers as Predicates {#MatchersAsPredicatesCheat}
+
+| Matcher                       | Description                                 |
+| :---------------------------- | :------------------------------------------ |
+| `Matches(m)(value)` | evaluates to `true` if `value` matches `m`. You can use `Matches(m)` alone as a unary functor. |
+| `ExplainMatchResult(m, value, result_listener)` | evaluates to `true` if `value` matches `m`, explaining the result to `result_listener`. |
+| `Value(value, m)` | evaluates to `true` if `value` matches `m`. |
+
+## Defining Matchers
+
+| Matcher                              | Description                           |
+| :----------------------------------- | :------------------------------------ |
+| `MATCHER(IsEven, "") { return (arg % 2) == 0; }` | Defines a matcher `IsEven()` to match an even number. |
+| `MATCHER_P(IsDivisibleBy, n, "") { *result_listener << "where the remainder is " << (arg % n); return (arg % n) == 0; }` | Defines a matcher `IsDivisibleBy(n)` to match a number divisible by `n`. |
+| `MATCHER_P2(IsBetween, a, b, absl::StrCat(negation ? "isn't" : "is", " between ", PrintToString(a), " and ", PrintToString(b))) { return a <= arg && arg <= b; }` | Defines a matcher `IsBetween(a, b)` to match a value in the range [`a`, `b`]. |
+
+**Notes:**
+
+1.  The `MATCHER*` macros cannot be used inside a function or class.
+2.  The matcher body must be *purely functional* (i.e. it cannot have any side
+    effect, and the result must not depend on anything other than the value
+    being matched and the matcher parameters).
+3.  You can use `PrintToString(x)` to convert a value `x` of any type to a
+    string.
+4.  You can use `ExplainMatchResult()` in a custom matcher to wrap another
+    matcher, for example:
+
+    ```cpp
+    MATCHER_P(NestedPropertyMatches, matcher, "") {
+      return ExplainMatchResult(matcher, arg.nested().property(), result_listener);
+    }
+    ```
diff --git a/docs/reference/mocking.md b/docs/reference/mocking.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c29f716
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/reference/mocking.md
@@ -0,0 +1,587 @@
+# Mocking Reference
+
+This page lists the facilities provided by GoogleTest for creating and working
+with mock objects. To use them, include the header
+`gmock/gmock.h`.
+
+## Macros {#macros}
+
+GoogleTest defines the following macros for working with mocks.
+
+### MOCK_METHOD {#MOCK_METHOD}
+
+`MOCK_METHOD(`*`return_type`*`,`*`method_name`*`, (`*`args...`*`));` \
+`MOCK_METHOD(`*`return_type`*`,`*`method_name`*`, (`*`args...`*`),
+(`*`specs...`*`));`
+
+Defines a mock method *`method_name`* with arguments `(`*`args...`*`)` and
+return type *`return_type`* within a mock class.
+
+The parameters of `MOCK_METHOD` mirror the method declaration. The optional
+fourth parameter *`specs...`* is a comma-separated list of qualifiers. The
+following qualifiers are accepted:
+
+| Qualifier                  | Meaning                                      |
+| -------------------------- | -------------------------------------------- |
+| `const`                    | Makes the mocked method a `const` method. Required if overriding a `const` method. |
+| `override`                 | Marks the method with `override`. Recommended if overriding a `virtual` method. |
+| `noexcept`                 | Marks the method with `noexcept`. Required if overriding a `noexcept` method. |
+| `Calltype(`*`calltype`*`)` | Sets the call type for the method, for example `Calltype(STDMETHODCALLTYPE)`. Useful on Windows. |
+| `ref(`*`qualifier`*`)`     | Marks the method with the given reference qualifier, for example `ref(&)` or `ref(&&)`. Required if overriding a method that has a reference qualifier. |
+
+Note that commas in arguments prevent `MOCK_METHOD` from parsing the arguments
+correctly if they are not appropriately surrounded by parentheses. See the
+following example:
+
+```cpp
+class MyMock {
+ public:
+  // The following 2 lines will not compile due to commas in the arguments:
+  MOCK_METHOD(std::pair<bool, int>, GetPair, ());              // Error!
+  MOCK_METHOD(bool, CheckMap, (std::map<int, double>, bool));  // Error!
+
+  // One solution - wrap arguments that contain commas in parentheses:
+  MOCK_METHOD((std::pair<bool, int>), GetPair, ());
+  MOCK_METHOD(bool, CheckMap, ((std::map<int, double>), bool));
+
+  // Another solution - use type aliases:
+  using BoolAndInt = std::pair<bool, int>;
+  MOCK_METHOD(BoolAndInt, GetPair, ());
+  using MapIntDouble = std::map<int, double>;
+  MOCK_METHOD(bool, CheckMap, (MapIntDouble, bool));
+};
+```
+
+`MOCK_METHOD` must be used in the `public:` section of a mock class definition,
+regardless of whether the method being mocked is `public`, `protected`, or
+`private` in the base class.
+
+### EXPECT_CALL {#EXPECT_CALL}
+
+`EXPECT_CALL(`*`mock_object`*`,`*`method_name`*`(`*`matchers...`*`))`
+
+Creates an [expectation](../gmock_for_dummies.md#setting-expectations) that the
+method *`method_name`* of the object *`mock_object`* is called with arguments
+that match the given matchers *`matchers...`*. `EXPECT_CALL` must precede any
+code that exercises the mock object.
+
+The parameter *`matchers...`* is a comma-separated list of
+[matchers](../gmock_for_dummies.md#matchers-what-arguments-do-we-expect) that
+correspond to each argument of the method *`method_name`*. The expectation will
+apply only to calls of *`method_name`* whose arguments match all of the
+matchers. If `(`*`matchers...`*`)` is omitted, the expectation behaves as if
+each argument's matcher were a [wildcard matcher (`_`)](matchers.md#wildcard).
+See the [Matchers Reference](matchers.md) for a list of all built-in matchers.
+
+The following chainable clauses can be used to modify the expectation, and they
+must be used in the following order:
+
+```cpp
+EXPECT_CALL(mock_object, method_name(matchers...))
+    .With(multi_argument_matcher)  // Can be used at most once
+    .Times(cardinality)            // Can be used at most once
+    .InSequence(sequences...)      // Can be used any number of times
+    .After(expectations...)        // Can be used any number of times
+    .WillOnce(action)              // Can be used any number of times
+    .WillRepeatedly(action)        // Can be used at most once
+    .RetiresOnSaturation();        // Can be used at most once
+```
+
+See details for each modifier clause below.
+
+#### With {#EXPECT_CALL.With}
+
+`.With(`*`multi_argument_matcher`*`)`
+
+Restricts the expectation to apply only to mock function calls whose arguments
+as a whole match the multi-argument matcher *`multi_argument_matcher`*.
+
+GoogleTest passes all of the arguments as one tuple into the matcher. The
+parameter *`multi_argument_matcher`* must thus be a matcher of type
+`Matcher<std::tuple<A1, ..., An>>`, where `A1, ..., An` are the types of the
+function arguments.
+
+For example, the following code sets the expectation that
+`my_mock.SetPosition()` is called with any two arguments, the first argument
+being less than the second:
+
+```cpp
+using ::testing::_;
+using ::testing::Lt;
+...
+EXPECT_CALL(my_mock, SetPosition(_, _))
+    .With(Lt());
+```
+
+GoogleTest provides some built-in matchers for 2-tuples, including the `Lt()`
+matcher above. See [Multi-argument Matchers](matchers.md#MultiArgMatchers).
+
+The `With` clause can be used at most once on an expectation and must be the
+first clause.
+
+#### Times {#EXPECT_CALL.Times}
+
+`.Times(`*`cardinality`*`)`
+
+Specifies how many times the mock function call is expected.
+
+The parameter *`cardinality`* represents the number of expected calls and can be
+one of the following, all defined in the `::testing` namespace:
+
+| Cardinality         | Meaning                                             |
+| ------------------- | --------------------------------------------------- |
+| `AnyNumber()`       | The function can be called any number of times.     |
+| `AtLeast(n)`        | The function call is expected at least *n* times.   |
+| `AtMost(n)`         | The function call is expected at most *n* times.    |
+| `Between(m, n)`     | The function call is expected between *m* and *n* times, inclusive. |
+| `Exactly(n)` or `n` | The function call is expected exactly *n* times. If *n* is 0, the call should never happen. |
+
+If the `Times` clause is omitted, GoogleTest infers the cardinality as follows:
+
+*   If neither [`WillOnce`](#EXPECT_CALL.WillOnce) nor
+    [`WillRepeatedly`](#EXPECT_CALL.WillRepeatedly) are specified, the inferred
+    cardinality is `Times(1)`.
+*   If there are *n* `WillOnce` clauses and no `WillRepeatedly` clause, where
+    *n* >= 1, the inferred cardinality is `Times(n)`.
+*   If there are *n* `WillOnce` clauses and one `WillRepeatedly` clause, where
+    *n* >= 0, the inferred cardinality is `Times(AtLeast(n))`.
+
+The `Times` clause can be used at most once on an expectation.
+
+#### InSequence {#EXPECT_CALL.InSequence}
+
+`.InSequence(`*`sequences...`*`)`
+
+Specifies that the mock function call is expected in a certain sequence.
+
+The parameter *`sequences...`* is any number of [`Sequence`](#Sequence) objects.
+Expected calls assigned to the same sequence are expected to occur in the order
+the expectations are declared.
+
+For example, the following code sets the expectation that the `Reset()` method
+of `my_mock` is called before both `GetSize()` and `Describe()`, and `GetSize()`
+and `Describe()` can occur in any order relative to each other:
+
+```cpp
+using ::testing::Sequence;
+Sequence s1, s2;
+...
+EXPECT_CALL(my_mock, Reset())
+    .InSequence(s1, s2);
+EXPECT_CALL(my_mock, GetSize())
+    .InSequence(s1);
+EXPECT_CALL(my_mock, Describe())
+    .InSequence(s2);
+```
+
+The `InSequence` clause can be used any number of times on an expectation.
+
+See also the [`InSequence` class](#InSequence).
+
+#### After {#EXPECT_CALL.After}
+
+`.After(`*`expectations...`*`)`
+
+Specifies that the mock function call is expected to occur after one or more
+other calls.
+
+The parameter *`expectations...`* can be up to five
+[`Expectation`](#Expectation) or [`ExpectationSet`](#ExpectationSet) objects.
+The mock function call is expected to occur after all of the given expectations.
+
+For example, the following code sets the expectation that the `Describe()`
+method of `my_mock` is called only after both `InitX()` and `InitY()` have been
+called.
+
+```cpp
+using ::testing::Expectation;
+...
+Expectation init_x = EXPECT_CALL(my_mock, InitX());
+Expectation init_y = EXPECT_CALL(my_mock, InitY());
+EXPECT_CALL(my_mock, Describe())
+    .After(init_x, init_y);
+```
+
+The `ExpectationSet` object is helpful when the number of prerequisites for an
+expectation is large or variable, for example:
+
+```cpp
+using ::testing::ExpectationSet;
+...
+ExpectationSet all_inits;
+// Collect all expectations of InitElement() calls
+for (int i = 0; i < element_count; i++) {
+  all_inits += EXPECT_CALL(my_mock, InitElement(i));
+}
+EXPECT_CALL(my_mock, Describe())
+    .After(all_inits);  // Expect Describe() call after all InitElement() calls
+```
+
+The `After` clause can be used any number of times on an expectation.
+
+#### WillOnce {#EXPECT_CALL.WillOnce}
+
+`.WillOnce(`*`action`*`)`
+
+Specifies the mock function's actual behavior when invoked, for a single
+matching function call.
+
+The parameter *`action`* represents the
+[action](../gmock_for_dummies.md#actions-what-should-it-do) that the function
+call will perform. See the [Actions Reference](actions.md) for a list of
+built-in actions.
+
+The use of `WillOnce` implicitly sets a cardinality on the expectation when
+`Times` is not specified. See [`Times`](#EXPECT_CALL.Times).
+
+Each matching function call will perform the next action in the order declared.
+For example, the following code specifies that `my_mock.GetNumber()` is expected
+to be called exactly 3 times and will return `1`, `2`, and `3` respectively on
+the first, second, and third calls:
+
+```cpp
+using ::testing::Return;
+...
+EXPECT_CALL(my_mock, GetNumber())
+    .WillOnce(Return(1))
+    .WillOnce(Return(2))
+    .WillOnce(Return(3));
+```
+
+The `WillOnce` clause can be used any number of times on an expectation.
+
+#### WillRepeatedly {#EXPECT_CALL.WillRepeatedly}
+
+`.WillRepeatedly(`*`action`*`)`
+
+Specifies the mock function's actual behavior when invoked, for all subsequent
+matching function calls. Takes effect after the actions specified in the
+[`WillOnce`](#EXPECT_CALL.WillOnce) clauses, if any, have been performed.
+
+The parameter *`action`* represents the
+[action](../gmock_for_dummies.md#actions-what-should-it-do) that the function
+call will perform. See the [Actions Reference](actions.md) for a list of
+built-in actions.
+
+The use of `WillRepeatedly` implicitly sets a cardinality on the expectation
+when `Times` is not specified. See [`Times`](#EXPECT_CALL.Times).
+
+If any `WillOnce` clauses have been specified, matching function calls will
+perform those actions before the action specified by `WillRepeatedly`. See the
+following example:
+
+```cpp
+using ::testing::Return;
+...
+EXPECT_CALL(my_mock, GetName())
+    .WillRepeatedly(Return("John Doe"));  // Return "John Doe" on all calls
+
+EXPECT_CALL(my_mock, GetNumber())
+    .WillOnce(Return(42))        // Return 42 on the first call
+    .WillRepeatedly(Return(7));  // Return 7 on all subsequent calls
+```
+
+The `WillRepeatedly` clause can be used at most once on an expectation.
+
+#### RetiresOnSaturation {#EXPECT_CALL.RetiresOnSaturation}
+
+`.RetiresOnSaturation()`
+
+Indicates that the expectation will no longer be active after the expected
+number of matching function calls has been reached.
+
+The `RetiresOnSaturation` clause is only meaningful for expectations with an
+upper-bounded cardinality. The expectation will *retire* (no longer match any
+function calls) after it has been *saturated* (the upper bound has been
+reached). See the following example:
+
+```cpp
+using ::testing::_;
+using ::testing::AnyNumber;
+...
+EXPECT_CALL(my_mock, SetNumber(_))  // Expectation 1
+    .Times(AnyNumber());
+EXPECT_CALL(my_mock, SetNumber(7))  // Expectation 2
+    .Times(2)
+    .RetiresOnSaturation();
+```
+
+In the above example, the first two calls to `my_mock.SetNumber(7)` match
+expectation 2, which then becomes inactive and no longer matches any calls. A
+third call to `my_mock.SetNumber(7)` would then match expectation 1. Without
+`RetiresOnSaturation()` on expectation 2, a third call to `my_mock.SetNumber(7)`
+would match expectation 2 again, producing a failure since the limit of 2 calls
+was exceeded.
+
+The `RetiresOnSaturation` clause can be used at most once on an expectation and
+must be the last clause.
+
+### ON_CALL {#ON_CALL}
+
+`ON_CALL(`*`mock_object`*`,`*`method_name`*`(`*`matchers...`*`))`
+
+Defines what happens when the method *`method_name`* of the object
+*`mock_object`* is called with arguments that match the given matchers
+*`matchers...`*. Requires a modifier clause to specify the method's behavior.
+*Does not* set any expectations that the method will be called.
+
+The parameter *`matchers...`* is a comma-separated list of
+[matchers](../gmock_for_dummies.md#matchers-what-arguments-do-we-expect) that
+correspond to each argument of the method *`method_name`*. The `ON_CALL`
+specification will apply only to calls of *`method_name`* whose arguments match
+all of the matchers. If `(`*`matchers...`*`)` is omitted, the behavior is as if
+each argument's matcher were a [wildcard matcher (`_`)](matchers.md#wildcard).
+See the [Matchers Reference](matchers.md) for a list of all built-in matchers.
+
+The following chainable clauses can be used to set the method's behavior, and
+they must be used in the following order:
+
+```cpp
+ON_CALL(mock_object, method_name(matchers...))
+    .With(multi_argument_matcher)  // Can be used at most once
+    .WillByDefault(action);        // Required
+```
+
+See details for each modifier clause below.
+
+#### With {#ON_CALL.With}
+
+`.With(`*`multi_argument_matcher`*`)`
+
+Restricts the specification to only mock function calls whose arguments as a
+whole match the multi-argument matcher *`multi_argument_matcher`*.
+
+GoogleTest passes all of the arguments as one tuple into the matcher. The
+parameter *`multi_argument_matcher`* must thus be a matcher of type
+`Matcher<std::tuple<A1, ..., An>>`, where `A1, ..., An` are the types of the
+function arguments.
+
+For example, the following code sets the default behavior when
+`my_mock.SetPosition()` is called with any two arguments, the first argument
+being less than the second:
+
+```cpp
+using ::testing::_;
+using ::testing::Lt;
+using ::testing::Return;
+...
+ON_CALL(my_mock, SetPosition(_, _))
+    .With(Lt())
+    .WillByDefault(Return(true));
+```
+
+GoogleTest provides some built-in matchers for 2-tuples, including the `Lt()`
+matcher above. See [Multi-argument Matchers](matchers.md#MultiArgMatchers).
+
+The `With` clause can be used at most once with each `ON_CALL` statement.
+
+#### WillByDefault {#ON_CALL.WillByDefault}
+
+`.WillByDefault(`*`action`*`)`
+
+Specifies the default behavior of a matching mock function call.
+
+The parameter *`action`* represents the
+[action](../gmock_for_dummies.md#actions-what-should-it-do) that the function
+call will perform. See the [Actions Reference](actions.md) for a list of
+built-in actions.
+
+For example, the following code specifies that by default, a call to
+`my_mock.Greet()` will return `"hello"`:
+
+```cpp
+using ::testing::Return;
+...
+ON_CALL(my_mock, Greet())
+    .WillByDefault(Return("hello"));
+```
+
+The action specified by `WillByDefault` is superseded by the actions specified
+on a matching `EXPECT_CALL` statement, if any. See the
+[`WillOnce`](#EXPECT_CALL.WillOnce) and
+[`WillRepeatedly`](#EXPECT_CALL.WillRepeatedly) clauses of `EXPECT_CALL`.
+
+The `WillByDefault` clause must be used exactly once with each `ON_CALL`
+statement.
+
+## Classes {#classes}
+
+GoogleTest defines the following classes for working with mocks.
+
+### DefaultValue {#DefaultValue}
+
+`::testing::DefaultValue<T>`
+
+Allows a user to specify the default value for a type `T` that is both copyable
+and publicly destructible (i.e. anything that can be used as a function return
+type). For mock functions with a return type of `T`, this default value is
+returned from function calls that do not specify an action.
+
+Provides the static methods `Set()`, `SetFactory()`, and `Clear()` to manage the
+default value:
+
+```cpp
+// Sets the default value to be returned. T must be copy constructible.
+DefaultValue<T>::Set(value);
+
+// Sets a factory. Will be invoked on demand. T must be move constructible.
+T MakeT();
+DefaultValue<T>::SetFactory(&MakeT);
+
+// Unsets the default value.
+DefaultValue<T>::Clear();
+```
+
+### NiceMock {#NiceMock}
+
+`::testing::NiceMock<T>`
+
+Represents a mock object that suppresses warnings on
+[uninteresting calls](../gmock_cook_book.md#uninteresting-vs-unexpected). The
+template parameter `T` is any mock class, except for another `NiceMock`,
+`NaggyMock`, or `StrictMock`.
+
+Usage of `NiceMock<T>` is analogous to usage of `T`. `NiceMock<T>` is a subclass
+of `T`, so it can be used wherever an object of type `T` is accepted. In
+addition, `NiceMock<T>` can be constructed with any arguments that a constructor
+of `T` accepts.
+
+For example, the following code suppresses warnings on the mock `my_mock` of
+type `MockClass` if a method other than `DoSomething()` is called:
+
+```cpp
+using ::testing::NiceMock;
+...
+NiceMock<MockClass> my_mock("some", "args");
+EXPECT_CALL(my_mock, DoSomething());
+... code that uses my_mock ...
+```
+
+`NiceMock<T>` only works for mock methods defined using the `MOCK_METHOD` macro
+directly in the definition of class `T`. If a mock method is defined in a base
+class of `T`, a warning might still be generated.
+
+`NiceMock<T>` might not work correctly if the destructor of `T` is not virtual.
+
+### NaggyMock {#NaggyMock}
+
+`::testing::NaggyMock<T>`
+
+Represents a mock object that generates warnings on
+[uninteresting calls](../gmock_cook_book.md#uninteresting-vs-unexpected). The
+template parameter `T` is any mock class, except for another `NiceMock`,
+`NaggyMock`, or `StrictMock`.
+
+Usage of `NaggyMock<T>` is analogous to usage of `T`. `NaggyMock<T>` is a
+subclass of `T`, so it can be used wherever an object of type `T` is accepted.
+In addition, `NaggyMock<T>` can be constructed with any arguments that a
+constructor of `T` accepts.
+
+For example, the following code generates warnings on the mock `my_mock` of type
+`MockClass` if a method other than `DoSomething()` is called:
+
+```cpp
+using ::testing::NaggyMock;
+...
+NaggyMock<MockClass> my_mock("some", "args");
+EXPECT_CALL(my_mock, DoSomething());
+... code that uses my_mock ...
+```
+
+Mock objects of type `T` by default behave the same way as `NaggyMock<T>`.
+
+### StrictMock {#StrictMock}
+
+`::testing::StrictMock<T>`
+
+Represents a mock object that generates test failures on
+[uninteresting calls](../gmock_cook_book.md#uninteresting-vs-unexpected). The
+template parameter `T` is any mock class, except for another `NiceMock`,
+`NaggyMock`, or `StrictMock`.
+
+Usage of `StrictMock<T>` is analogous to usage of `T`. `StrictMock<T>` is a
+subclass of `T`, so it can be used wherever an object of type `T` is accepted.
+In addition, `StrictMock<T>` can be constructed with any arguments that a
+constructor of `T` accepts.
+
+For example, the following code generates a test failure on the mock `my_mock`
+of type `MockClass` if a method other than `DoSomething()` is called:
+
+```cpp
+using ::testing::StrictMock;
+...
+StrictMock<MockClass> my_mock("some", "args");
+EXPECT_CALL(my_mock, DoSomething());
+... code that uses my_mock ...
+```
+
+`StrictMock<T>` only works for mock methods defined using the `MOCK_METHOD`
+macro directly in the definition of class `T`. If a mock method is defined in a
+base class of `T`, a failure might not be generated.
+
+`StrictMock<T>` might not work correctly if the destructor of `T` is not
+virtual.
+
+### Sequence {#Sequence}
+
+`::testing::Sequence`
+
+Represents a chronological sequence of expectations. See the
+[`InSequence`](#EXPECT_CALL.InSequence) clause of `EXPECT_CALL` for usage.
+
+### InSequence {#InSequence}
+
+`::testing::InSequence`
+
+An object of this type causes all expectations encountered in its scope to be
+put in an anonymous sequence.
+
+This allows more convenient expression of multiple expectations in a single
+sequence:
+
+```cpp
+using ::testing::InSequence;
+{
+  InSequence seq;
+
+  // The following are expected to occur in the order declared.
+  EXPECT_CALL(...);
+  EXPECT_CALL(...);
+  ...
+  EXPECT_CALL(...);
+}
+```
+
+The name of the `InSequence` object does not matter.
+
+### Expectation {#Expectation}
+
+`::testing::Expectation`
+
+Represents a mock function call expectation as created by
+[`EXPECT_CALL`](#EXPECT_CALL):
+
+```cpp
+using ::testing::Expectation;
+Expectation my_expectation = EXPECT_CALL(...);
+```
+
+Useful for specifying sequences of expectations; see the
+[`After`](#EXPECT_CALL.After) clause of `EXPECT_CALL`.
+
+### ExpectationSet {#ExpectationSet}
+
+`::testing::ExpectationSet`
+
+Represents a set of mock function call expectations.
+
+Use the `+=` operator to add [`Expectation`](#Expectation) objects to the set:
+
+```cpp
+using ::testing::ExpectationSet;
+ExpectationSet my_expectations;
+my_expectations += EXPECT_CALL(...);
+```
+
+Useful for specifying sequences of expectations; see the
+[`After`](#EXPECT_CALL.After) clause of `EXPECT_CALL`.
diff --git a/docs/reference/testing.md b/docs/reference/testing.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..554d6c9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/reference/testing.md
@@ -0,0 +1,1431 @@
+# Testing Reference
+
+<!--* toc_depth: 3 *-->
+
+This page lists the facilities provided by GoogleTest for writing test programs.
+To use them, include the header `gtest/gtest.h`.
+
+## Macros
+
+GoogleTest defines the following macros for writing tests.
+
+### TEST {#TEST}
+
+<pre>
+TEST(<em>TestSuiteName</em>, <em>TestName</em>) {
+  ... <em>statements</em> ...
+}
+</pre>
+
+Defines an individual test named *`TestName`* in the test suite
+*`TestSuiteName`*, consisting of the given statements.
+
+Both arguments *`TestSuiteName`* and *`TestName`* must be valid C++ identifiers
+and must not contain underscores (`_`). Tests in different test suites can have
+the same individual name.
+
+The statements within the test body can be any code under test.
+[Assertions](assertions.md) used within the test body determine the outcome of
+the test.
+
+### TEST_F {#TEST_F}
+
+<pre>
+TEST_F(<em>TestFixtureName</em>, <em>TestName</em>) {
+  ... <em>statements</em> ...
+}
+</pre>
+
+Defines an individual test named *`TestName`* that uses the test fixture class
+*`TestFixtureName`*. The test suite name is *`TestFixtureName`*.
+
+Both arguments *`TestFixtureName`* and *`TestName`* must be valid C++
+identifiers and must not contain underscores (`_`). *`TestFixtureName`* must be
+the name of a test fixture class—see
+[Test Fixtures](../primer.md#same-data-multiple-tests).
+
+The statements within the test body can be any code under test.
+[Assertions](assertions.md) used within the test body determine the outcome of
+the test.
+
+### TEST_P {#TEST_P}
+
+<pre>
+TEST_P(<em>TestFixtureName</em>, <em>TestName</em>) {
+  ... <em>statements</em> ...
+}
+</pre>
+
+Defines an individual value-parameterized test named *`TestName`* that uses the
+test fixture class *`TestFixtureName`*. The test suite name is
+*`TestFixtureName`*.
+
+Both arguments *`TestFixtureName`* and *`TestName`* must be valid C++
+identifiers and must not contain underscores (`_`). *`TestFixtureName`* must be
+the name of a value-parameterized test fixture class—see
+[Value-Parameterized Tests](../advanced.md#value-parameterized-tests).
+
+The statements within the test body can be any code under test. Within the test
+body, the test parameter can be accessed with the `GetParam()` function (see
+[`WithParamInterface`](#WithParamInterface)). For example:
+
+```cpp
+TEST_P(MyTestSuite, DoesSomething) {
+  ...
+  EXPECT_TRUE(DoSomething(GetParam()));
+  ...
+}
+```
+
+[Assertions](assertions.md) used within the test body determine the outcome of
+the test.
+
+See also [`INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P`](#INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P).
+
+### INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P {#INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P}
+
+`INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(`*`InstantiationName`*`,`*`TestSuiteName`*`,`*`param_generator`*`)`
+\
+`INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(`*`InstantiationName`*`,`*`TestSuiteName`*`,`*`param_generator`*`,`*`name_generator`*`)`
+
+Instantiates the value-parameterized test suite *`TestSuiteName`* (defined with
+[`TEST_P`](#TEST_P)).
+
+The argument *`InstantiationName`* is a unique name for the instantiation of the
+test suite, to distinguish between multiple instantiations. In test output, the
+instantiation name is added as a prefix to the test suite name
+*`TestSuiteName`*.
+
+The argument *`param_generator`* is one of the following GoogleTest-provided
+functions that generate the test parameters, all defined in the `::testing`
+namespace:
+
+<span id="param-generators"></span>
+
+| Parameter Generator | Behavior                                             |
+| ------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------- |
+| `Range(begin, end [, step])` | Yields values `{begin, begin+step, begin+step+step, ...}`. The values do not include `end`. `step` defaults to 1. |
+| `Values(v1, v2, ..., vN)`    | Yields values `{v1, v2, ..., vN}`.          |
+| `ValuesIn(container)` or `ValuesIn(begin,end)` | Yields values from a C-style array, an STL-style container, or an iterator range `[begin, end)`. |
+| `Bool()`                     | Yields sequence `{false, true}`.            |
+| `Combine(g1, g2, ..., gN)`   | Yields as `std::tuple` *n*-tuples all combinations (Cartesian product) of the values generated by the given *n* generators `g1`, `g2`, ..., `gN`. |
+
+The optional last argument *`name_generator`* is a function or functor that
+generates custom test name suffixes based on the test parameters. The function
+must accept an argument of type
+[`TestParamInfo<class ParamType>`](#TestParamInfo) and return a `std::string`.
+The test name suffix can only contain alphanumeric characters and underscores.
+GoogleTest provides [`PrintToStringParamName`](#PrintToStringParamName), or a
+custom function can be used for more control:
+
+```cpp
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+    MyInstantiation, MyTestSuite,
+    ::testing::Values(...),
+    [](const ::testing::TestParamInfo<MyTestSuite::ParamType>& info) {
+      // Can use info.param here to generate the test suffix
+      std::string name = ...
+      return name;
+    });
+```
+
+For more information, see
+[Value-Parameterized Tests](../advanced.md#value-parameterized-tests).
+
+See also
+[`GTEST_ALLOW_UNINSTANTIATED_PARAMETERIZED_TEST`](#GTEST_ALLOW_UNINSTANTIATED_PARAMETERIZED_TEST).
+
+### TYPED_TEST_SUITE {#TYPED_TEST_SUITE}
+
+`TYPED_TEST_SUITE(`*`TestFixtureName`*`,`*`Types`*`)`
+
+Defines a typed test suite based on the test fixture *`TestFixtureName`*. The
+test suite name is *`TestFixtureName`*.
+
+The argument *`TestFixtureName`* is a fixture class template, parameterized by a
+type, for example:
+
+```cpp
+template <typename T>
+class MyFixture : public ::testing::Test {
+ public:
+  ...
+  using List = std::list<T>;
+  static T shared_;
+  T value_;
+};
+```
+
+The argument *`Types`* is a [`Types`](#Types) object representing the list of
+types to run the tests on, for example:
+
+```cpp
+using MyTypes = ::testing::Types<char, int, unsigned int>;
+TYPED_TEST_SUITE(MyFixture, MyTypes);
+```
+
+The type alias (`using` or `typedef`) is necessary for the `TYPED_TEST_SUITE`
+macro to parse correctly.
+
+See also [`TYPED_TEST`](#TYPED_TEST) and
+[Typed Tests](../advanced.md#typed-tests) for more information.
+
+### TYPED_TEST {#TYPED_TEST}
+
+<pre>
+TYPED_TEST(<em>TestSuiteName</em>, <em>TestName</em>) {
+  ... <em>statements</em> ...
+}
+</pre>
+
+Defines an individual typed test named *`TestName`* in the typed test suite
+*`TestSuiteName`*. The test suite must be defined with
+[`TYPED_TEST_SUITE`](#TYPED_TEST_SUITE).
+
+Within the test body, the special name `TypeParam` refers to the type parameter,
+and `TestFixture` refers to the fixture class. See the following example:
+
+```cpp
+TYPED_TEST(MyFixture, Example) {
+  // Inside a test, refer to the special name TypeParam to get the type
+  // parameter.  Since we are inside a derived class template, C++ requires
+  // us to visit the members of MyFixture via 'this'.
+  TypeParam n = this->value_;
+
+  // To visit static members of the fixture, add the 'TestFixture::'
+  // prefix.
+  n += TestFixture::shared_;
+
+  // To refer to typedefs in the fixture, add the 'typename TestFixture::'
+  // prefix. The 'typename' is required to satisfy the compiler.
+  typename TestFixture::List values;
+
+  values.push_back(n);
+  ...
+}
+```
+
+For more information, see [Typed Tests](../advanced.md#typed-tests).
+
+### TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P {#TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P}
+
+`TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P(`*`TestFixtureName`*`)`
+
+Defines a type-parameterized test suite based on the test fixture
+*`TestFixtureName`*. The test suite name is *`TestFixtureName`*.
+
+The argument *`TestFixtureName`* is a fixture class template, parameterized by a
+type. See [`TYPED_TEST_SUITE`](#TYPED_TEST_SUITE) for an example.
+
+See also [`TYPED_TEST_P`](#TYPED_TEST_P) and
+[Type-Parameterized Tests](../advanced.md#type-parameterized-tests) for more
+information.
+
+### TYPED_TEST_P {#TYPED_TEST_P}
+
+<pre>
+TYPED_TEST_P(<em>TestSuiteName</em>, <em>TestName</em>) {
+  ... <em>statements</em> ...
+}
+</pre>
+
+Defines an individual type-parameterized test named *`TestName`* in the
+type-parameterized test suite *`TestSuiteName`*. The test suite must be defined
+with [`TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P`](#TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P).
+
+Within the test body, the special name `TypeParam` refers to the type parameter,
+and `TestFixture` refers to the fixture class. See [`TYPED_TEST`](#TYPED_TEST)
+for an example.
+
+See also [`REGISTER_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P`](#REGISTER_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P) and
+[Type-Parameterized Tests](../advanced.md#type-parameterized-tests) for more
+information.
+
+### REGISTER_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P {#REGISTER_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P}
+
+`REGISTER_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P(`*`TestSuiteName`*`,`*`TestNames...`*`)`
+
+Registers the type-parameterized tests *`TestNames...`* of the test suite
+*`TestSuiteName`*. The test suite and tests must be defined with
+[`TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P`](#TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P) and [`TYPED_TEST_P`](#TYPED_TEST_P).
+
+For example:
+
+```cpp
+// Define the test suite and tests.
+TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P(MyFixture);
+TYPED_TEST_P(MyFixture, HasPropertyA) { ... }
+TYPED_TEST_P(MyFixture, HasPropertyB) { ... }
+
+// Register the tests in the test suite.
+REGISTER_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P(MyFixture, HasPropertyA, HasPropertyB);
+```
+
+See also [`INSTANTIATE_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P`](#INSTANTIATE_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P) and
+[Type-Parameterized Tests](../advanced.md#type-parameterized-tests) for more
+information.
+
+### INSTANTIATE_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P {#INSTANTIATE_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P}
+
+`INSTANTIATE_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P(`*`InstantiationName`*`,`*`TestSuiteName`*`,`*`Types`*`)`
+
+Instantiates the type-parameterized test suite *`TestSuiteName`*. The test suite
+must be registered with
+[`REGISTER_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P`](#REGISTER_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P).
+
+The argument *`InstantiationName`* is a unique name for the instantiation of the
+test suite, to distinguish between multiple instantiations. In test output, the
+instantiation name is added as a prefix to the test suite name
+*`TestSuiteName`*.
+
+The argument *`Types`* is a [`Types`](#Types) object representing the list of
+types to run the tests on, for example:
+
+```cpp
+using MyTypes = ::testing::Types<char, int, unsigned int>;
+INSTANTIATE_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P(MyInstantiation, MyFixture, MyTypes);
+```
+
+The type alias (`using` or `typedef`) is necessary for the
+`INSTANTIATE_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P` macro to parse correctly.
+
+For more information, see
+[Type-Parameterized Tests](../advanced.md#type-parameterized-tests).
+
+### FRIEND_TEST {#FRIEND_TEST}
+
+`FRIEND_TEST(`*`TestSuiteName`*`,`*`TestName`*`)`
+
+Within a class body, declares an individual test as a friend of the class,
+enabling the test to access private class members.
+
+If the class is defined in a namespace, then in order to be friends of the
+class, test fixtures and tests must be defined in the exact same namespace,
+without inline or anonymous namespaces.
+
+For example, if the class definition looks like the following:
+
+```cpp
+namespace my_namespace {
+
+class MyClass {
+  friend class MyClassTest;
+  FRIEND_TEST(MyClassTest, HasPropertyA);
+  FRIEND_TEST(MyClassTest, HasPropertyB);
+  ... definition of class MyClass ...
+};
+
+}  // namespace my_namespace
+```
+
+Then the test code should look like:
+
+```cpp
+namespace my_namespace {
+
+class MyClassTest : public ::testing::Test {
+  ...
+};
+
+TEST_F(MyClassTest, HasPropertyA) { ... }
+TEST_F(MyClassTest, HasPropertyB) { ... }
+
+}  // namespace my_namespace
+```
+
+See [Testing Private Code](../advanced.md#testing-private-code) for more
+information.
+
+### SCOPED_TRACE {#SCOPED_TRACE}
+
+`SCOPED_TRACE(`*`message`*`)`
+
+Causes the current file name, line number, and the given message *`message`* to
+be added to the failure message for each assertion failure that occurs in the
+scope.
+
+For more information, see
+[Adding Traces to Assertions](../advanced.md#adding-traces-to-assertions).
+
+See also the [`ScopedTrace` class](#ScopedTrace).
+
+### GTEST_SKIP {#GTEST_SKIP}
+
+`GTEST_SKIP()`
+
+Prevents further test execution at runtime.
+
+Can be used in individual test cases or in the `SetUp()` methods of test
+environments or test fixtures (classes derived from the
+[`Environment`](#Environment) or [`Test`](#Test) classes). If used in a global
+test environment `SetUp()` method, it skips all tests in the test program. If
+used in a test fixture `SetUp()` method, it skips all tests in the corresponding
+test suite.
+
+Similar to assertions, `GTEST_SKIP` allows streaming a custom message into it.
+
+See [Skipping Test Execution](../advanced.md#skipping-test-execution) for more
+information.
+
+### GTEST_ALLOW_UNINSTANTIATED_PARAMETERIZED_TEST {#GTEST_ALLOW_UNINSTANTIATED_PARAMETERIZED_TEST}
+
+`GTEST_ALLOW_UNINSTANTIATED_PARAMETERIZED_TEST(`*`TestSuiteName`*`)`
+
+Allows the value-parameterized test suite *`TestSuiteName`* to be
+uninstantiated.
+
+By default, every [`TEST_P`](#TEST_P) call without a corresponding
+[`INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P`](#INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P) call causes a failing
+test in the test suite `GoogleTestVerification`.
+`GTEST_ALLOW_UNINSTANTIATED_PARAMETERIZED_TEST` suppresses this failure for the
+given test suite.
+
+## Classes and types
+
+GoogleTest defines the following classes and types to help with writing tests.
+
+### AssertionResult {#AssertionResult}
+
+`::testing::AssertionResult`
+
+A class for indicating whether an assertion was successful.
+
+When the assertion wasn't successful, the `AssertionResult` object stores a
+non-empty failure message that can be retrieved with the object's `message()`
+method.
+
+To create an instance of this class, use one of the factory functions
+[`AssertionSuccess()`](#AssertionSuccess) or
+[`AssertionFailure()`](#AssertionFailure).
+
+### AssertionException {#AssertionException}
+
+`::testing::AssertionException`
+
+Exception which can be thrown from
+[`TestEventListener::OnTestPartResult`](#TestEventListener::OnTestPartResult).
+
+### EmptyTestEventListener {#EmptyTestEventListener}
+
+`::testing::EmptyTestEventListener`
+
+Provides an empty implementation of all methods in the
+[`TestEventListener`](#TestEventListener) interface, such that a subclass only
+needs to override the methods it cares about.
+
+### Environment {#Environment}
+
+`::testing::Environment`
+
+Represents a global test environment. See
+[Global Set-Up and Tear-Down](../advanced.md#global-set-up-and-tear-down).
+
+#### Protected Methods {#Environment-protected}
+
+##### SetUp {#Environment::SetUp}
+
+`virtual void Environment::SetUp()`
+
+Override this to define how to set up the environment.
+
+##### TearDown {#Environment::TearDown}
+
+`virtual void Environment::TearDown()`
+
+Override this to define how to tear down the environment.
+
+### ScopedTrace {#ScopedTrace}
+
+`::testing::ScopedTrace`
+
+An instance of this class causes a trace to be included in every test failure
+message generated by code in the scope of the lifetime of the `ScopedTrace`
+instance. The effect is undone with the destruction of the instance.
+
+The `ScopedTrace` constructor has the following form:
+
+```cpp
+template <typename T>
+ScopedTrace(const char* file, int line, const T& message)
+```
+
+Example usage:
+
+```cpp
+::testing::ScopedTrace trace("file.cc", 123, "message");
+```
+
+The resulting trace includes the given source file path and line number, and the
+given message. The `message` argument can be anything streamable to
+`std::ostream`.
+
+See also [`SCOPED_TRACE`](#SCOPED_TRACE).
+
+### Test {#Test}
+
+`::testing::Test`
+
+The abstract class that all tests inherit from. `Test` is not copyable.
+
+#### Public Methods {#Test-public}
+
+##### SetUpTestSuite {#Test::SetUpTestSuite}
+
+`static void Test::SetUpTestSuite()`
+
+Performs shared setup for all tests in the test suite. GoogleTest calls
+`SetUpTestSuite()` before running the first test in the test suite.
+
+##### TearDownTestSuite {#Test::TearDownTestSuite}
+
+`static void Test::TearDownTestSuite()`
+
+Performs shared teardown for all tests in the test suite. GoogleTest calls
+`TearDownTestSuite()` after running the last test in the test suite.
+
+##### HasFatalFailure {#Test::HasFatalFailure}
+
+`static bool Test::HasFatalFailure()`
+
+Returns true if and only if the current test has a fatal failure.
+
+##### HasNonfatalFailure {#Test::HasNonfatalFailure}
+
+`static bool Test::HasNonfatalFailure()`
+
+Returns true if and only if the current test has a nonfatal failure.
+
+##### HasFailure {#Test::HasFailure}
+
+`static bool Test::HasFailure()`
+
+Returns true if and only if the current test has any failure, either fatal or
+nonfatal.
+
+##### IsSkipped {#Test::IsSkipped}
+
+`static bool Test::IsSkipped()`
+
+Returns true if and only if the current test was skipped.
+
+##### RecordProperty {#Test::RecordProperty}
+
+`static void Test::RecordProperty(const std::string& key, const std::string&
+value)` \
+`static void Test::RecordProperty(const std::string& key, int value)`
+
+Logs a property for the current test, test suite, or entire invocation of the
+test program. Only the last value for a given key is logged.
+
+The key must be a valid XML attribute name, and cannot conflict with the ones
+already used by GoogleTest (`name`, `status`, `time`, `classname`, `type_param`,
+and `value_param`).
+
+`RecordProperty` is `public static` so it can be called from utility functions
+that are not members of the test fixture.
+
+Calls to `RecordProperty` made during the lifespan of the test (from the moment
+its constructor starts to the moment its destructor finishes) are output in XML
+as attributes of the `<testcase>` element. Properties recorded from a fixture's
+`SetUpTestSuite` or `TearDownTestSuite` methods are logged as attributes of the
+corresponding `<testsuite>` element. Calls to `RecordProperty` made in the
+global context (before or after invocation of `RUN_ALL_TESTS` or from the
+`SetUp`/`TearDown` methods of registered `Environment` objects) are output as
+attributes of the `<testsuites>` element.
+
+#### Protected Methods {#Test-protected}
+
+##### SetUp {#Test::SetUp}
+
+`virtual void Test::SetUp()`
+
+Override this to perform test fixture setup. GoogleTest calls `SetUp()` before
+running each individual test.
+
+##### TearDown {#Test::TearDown}
+
+`virtual void Test::TearDown()`
+
+Override this to perform test fixture teardown. GoogleTest calls `TearDown()`
+after running each individual test.
+
+### TestWithParam {#TestWithParam}
+
+`::testing::TestWithParam<T>`
+
+A convenience class which inherits from both [`Test`](#Test) and
+[`WithParamInterface<T>`](#WithParamInterface).
+
+### TestSuite {#TestSuite}
+
+Represents a test suite. `TestSuite` is not copyable.
+
+#### Public Methods {#TestSuite-public}
+
+##### name {#TestSuite::name}
+
+`const char* TestSuite::name() const`
+
+Gets the name of the test suite.
+
+##### type_param {#TestSuite::type_param}
+
+`const char* TestSuite::type_param() const`
+
+Returns the name of the parameter type, or `NULL` if this is not a typed or
+type-parameterized test suite. See [Typed Tests](../advanced.md#typed-tests) and
+[Type-Parameterized Tests](../advanced.md#type-parameterized-tests).
+
+##### should_run {#TestSuite::should_run}
+
+`bool TestSuite::should_run() const`
+
+Returns true if any test in this test suite should run.
+
+##### successful_test_count {#TestSuite::successful_test_count}
+
+`int TestSuite::successful_test_count() const`
+
+Gets the number of successful tests in this test suite.
+
+##### skipped_test_count {#TestSuite::skipped_test_count}
+
+`int TestSuite::skipped_test_count() const`
+
+Gets the number of skipped tests in this test suite.
+
+##### failed_test_count {#TestSuite::failed_test_count}
+
+`int TestSuite::failed_test_count() const`
+
+Gets the number of failed tests in this test suite.
+
+##### reportable_disabled_test_count {#TestSuite::reportable_disabled_test_count}
+
+`int TestSuite::reportable_disabled_test_count() const`
+
+Gets the number of disabled tests that will be reported in the XML report.
+
+##### disabled_test_count {#TestSuite::disabled_test_count}
+
+`int TestSuite::disabled_test_count() const`
+
+Gets the number of disabled tests in this test suite.
+
+##### reportable_test_count {#TestSuite::reportable_test_count}
+
+`int TestSuite::reportable_test_count() const`
+
+Gets the number of tests to be printed in the XML report.
+
+##### test_to_run_count {#TestSuite::test_to_run_count}
+
+`int TestSuite::test_to_run_count() const`
+
+Get the number of tests in this test suite that should run.
+
+##### total_test_count {#TestSuite::total_test_count}
+
+`int TestSuite::total_test_count() const`
+
+Gets the number of all tests in this test suite.
+
+##### Passed {#TestSuite::Passed}
+
+`bool TestSuite::Passed() const`
+
+Returns true if and only if the test suite passed.
+
+##### Failed {#TestSuite::Failed}
+
+`bool TestSuite::Failed() const`
+
+Returns true if and only if the test suite failed.
+
+##### elapsed_time {#TestSuite::elapsed_time}
+
+`TimeInMillis TestSuite::elapsed_time() const`
+
+Returns the elapsed time, in milliseconds.
+
+##### start_timestamp {#TestSuite::start_timestamp}
+
+`TimeInMillis TestSuite::start_timestamp() const`
+
+Gets the time of the test suite start, in ms from the start of the UNIX epoch.
+
+##### GetTestInfo {#TestSuite::GetTestInfo}
+
+`const TestInfo* TestSuite::GetTestInfo(int i) const`
+
+Returns the [`TestInfo`](#TestInfo) for the `i`-th test among all the tests. `i`
+can range from 0 to `total_test_count() - 1`. If `i` is not in that range,
+returns `NULL`.
+
+##### ad_hoc_test_result {#TestSuite::ad_hoc_test_result}
+
+`const TestResult& TestSuite::ad_hoc_test_result() const`
+
+Returns the [`TestResult`](#TestResult) that holds test properties recorded
+during execution of `SetUpTestSuite` and `TearDownTestSuite`.
+
+### TestInfo {#TestInfo}
+
+`::testing::TestInfo`
+
+Stores information about a test.
+
+#### Public Methods {#TestInfo-public}
+
+##### test_suite_name {#TestInfo::test_suite_name}
+
+`const char* TestInfo::test_suite_name() const`
+
+Returns the test suite name.
+
+##### name {#TestInfo::name}
+
+`const char* TestInfo::name() const`
+
+Returns the test name.
+
+##### type_param {#TestInfo::type_param}
+
+`const char* TestInfo::type_param() const`
+
+Returns the name of the parameter type, or `NULL` if this is not a typed or
+type-parameterized test. See [Typed Tests](../advanced.md#typed-tests) and
+[Type-Parameterized Tests](../advanced.md#type-parameterized-tests).
+
+##### value_param {#TestInfo::value_param}
+
+`const char* TestInfo::value_param() const`
+
+Returns the text representation of the value parameter, or `NULL` if this is not
+a value-parameterized test. See
+[Value-Parameterized Tests](../advanced.md#value-parameterized-tests).
+
+##### file {#TestInfo::file}
+
+`const char* TestInfo::file() const`
+
+Returns the file name where this test is defined.
+
+##### line {#TestInfo::line}
+
+`int TestInfo::line() const`
+
+Returns the line where this test is defined.
+
+##### is_in_another_shard {#TestInfo::is_in_another_shard}
+
+`bool TestInfo::is_in_another_shard() const`
+
+Returns true if this test should not be run because it's in another shard.
+
+##### should_run {#TestInfo::should_run}
+
+`bool TestInfo::should_run() const`
+
+Returns true if this test should run, that is if the test is not disabled (or it
+is disabled but the `also_run_disabled_tests` flag has been specified) and its
+full name matches the user-specified filter.
+
+GoogleTest allows the user to filter the tests by their full names. Only the
+tests that match the filter will run. See
+[Running a Subset of the Tests](../advanced.md#running-a-subset-of-the-tests)
+for more information.
+
+##### is_reportable {#TestInfo::is_reportable}
+
+`bool TestInfo::is_reportable() const`
+
+Returns true if and only if this test will appear in the XML report.
+
+##### result {#TestInfo::result}
+
+`const TestResult* TestInfo::result() const`
+
+Returns the result of the test. See [`TestResult`](#TestResult).
+
+### TestParamInfo {#TestParamInfo}
+
+`::testing::TestParamInfo<T>`
+
+Describes a parameter to a value-parameterized test. The type `T` is the type of
+the parameter.
+
+Contains the fields `param` and `index` which hold the value of the parameter
+and its integer index respectively.
+
+### UnitTest {#UnitTest}
+
+`::testing::UnitTest`
+
+This class contains information about the test program.
+
+`UnitTest` is a singleton class. The only instance is created when
+`UnitTest::GetInstance()` is first called. This instance is never deleted.
+
+`UnitTest` is not copyable.
+
+#### Public Methods {#UnitTest-public}
+
+##### GetInstance {#UnitTest::GetInstance}
+
+`static UnitTest* UnitTest::GetInstance()`
+
+Gets the singleton `UnitTest` object. The first time this method is called, a
+`UnitTest` object is constructed and returned. Consecutive calls will return the
+same object.
+
+##### original_working_dir {#UnitTest::original_working_dir}
+
+`const char* UnitTest::original_working_dir() const`
+
+Returns the working directory when the first [`TEST()`](#TEST) or
+[`TEST_F()`](#TEST_F) was executed. The `UnitTest` object owns the string.
+
+##### current_test_suite {#UnitTest::current_test_suite}
+
+`const TestSuite* UnitTest::current_test_suite() const`
+
+Returns the [`TestSuite`](#TestSuite) object for the test that's currently
+running, or `NULL` if no test is running.
+
+##### current_test_info {#UnitTest::current_test_info}
+
+`const TestInfo* UnitTest::current_test_info() const`
+
+Returns the [`TestInfo`](#TestInfo) object for the test that's currently
+running, or `NULL` if no test is running.
+
+##### random_seed {#UnitTest::random_seed}
+
+`int UnitTest::random_seed() const`
+
+Returns the random seed used at the start of the current test run.
+
+##### successful_test_suite_count {#UnitTest::successful_test_suite_count}
+
+`int UnitTest::successful_test_suite_count() const`
+
+Gets the number of successful test suites.
+
+##### failed_test_suite_count {#UnitTest::failed_test_suite_count}
+
+`int UnitTest::failed_test_suite_count() const`
+
+Gets the number of failed test suites.
+
+##### total_test_suite_count {#UnitTest::total_test_suite_count}
+
+`int UnitTest::total_test_suite_count() const`
+
+Gets the number of all test suites.
+
+##### test_suite_to_run_count {#UnitTest::test_suite_to_run_count}
+
+`int UnitTest::test_suite_to_run_count() const`
+
+Gets the number of all test suites that contain at least one test that should
+run.
+
+##### successful_test_count {#UnitTest::successful_test_count}
+
+`int UnitTest::successful_test_count() const`
+
+Gets the number of successful tests.
+
+##### skipped_test_count {#UnitTest::skipped_test_count}
+
+`int UnitTest::skipped_test_count() const`
+
+Gets the number of skipped tests.
+
+##### failed_test_count {#UnitTest::failed_test_count}
+
+`int UnitTest::failed_test_count() const`
+
+Gets the number of failed tests.
+
+##### reportable_disabled_test_count {#UnitTest::reportable_disabled_test_count}
+
+`int UnitTest::reportable_disabled_test_count() const`
+
+Gets the number of disabled tests that will be reported in the XML report.
+
+##### disabled_test_count {#UnitTest::disabled_test_count}
+
+`int UnitTest::disabled_test_count() const`
+
+Gets the number of disabled tests.
+
+##### reportable_test_count {#UnitTest::reportable_test_count}
+
+`int UnitTest::reportable_test_count() const`
+
+Gets the number of tests to be printed in the XML report.
+
+##### total_test_count {#UnitTest::total_test_count}
+
+`int UnitTest::total_test_count() const`
+
+Gets the number of all tests.
+
+##### test_to_run_count {#UnitTest::test_to_run_count}
+
+`int UnitTest::test_to_run_count() const`
+
+Gets the number of tests that should run.
+
+##### start_timestamp {#UnitTest::start_timestamp}
+
+`TimeInMillis UnitTest::start_timestamp() const`
+
+Gets the time of the test program start, in ms from the start of the UNIX epoch.
+
+##### elapsed_time {#UnitTest::elapsed_time}
+
+`TimeInMillis UnitTest::elapsed_time() const`
+
+Gets the elapsed time, in milliseconds.
+
+##### Passed {#UnitTest::Passed}
+
+`bool UnitTest::Passed() const`
+
+Returns true if and only if the unit test passed (i.e. all test suites passed).
+
+##### Failed {#UnitTest::Failed}
+
+`bool UnitTest::Failed() const`
+
+Returns true if and only if the unit test failed (i.e. some test suite failed or
+something outside of all tests failed).
+
+##### GetTestSuite {#UnitTest::GetTestSuite}
+
+`const TestSuite* UnitTest::GetTestSuite(int i) const`
+
+Gets the [`TestSuite`](#TestSuite) object for the `i`-th test suite among all
+the test suites. `i` can range from 0 to `total_test_suite_count() - 1`. If `i`
+is not in that range, returns `NULL`.
+
+##### ad_hoc_test_result {#UnitTest::ad_hoc_test_result}
+
+`const TestResult& UnitTest::ad_hoc_test_result() const`
+
+Returns the [`TestResult`](#TestResult) containing information on test failures
+and properties logged outside of individual test suites.
+
+##### listeners {#UnitTest::listeners}
+
+`TestEventListeners& UnitTest::listeners()`
+
+Returns the list of event listeners that can be used to track events inside
+GoogleTest. See [`TestEventListeners`](#TestEventListeners).
+
+### TestEventListener {#TestEventListener}
+
+`::testing::TestEventListener`
+
+The interface for tracing execution of tests. The methods below are listed in
+the order the corresponding events are fired.
+
+#### Public Methods {#TestEventListener-public}
+
+##### OnTestProgramStart {#TestEventListener::OnTestProgramStart}
+
+`virtual void TestEventListener::OnTestProgramStart(const UnitTest& unit_test)`
+
+Fired before any test activity starts.
+
+##### OnTestIterationStart {#TestEventListener::OnTestIterationStart}
+
+`virtual void TestEventListener::OnTestIterationStart(const UnitTest& unit_test,
+int iteration)`
+
+Fired before each iteration of tests starts. There may be more than one
+iteration if `GTEST_FLAG(repeat)` is set. `iteration` is the iteration index,
+starting from 0.
+
+##### OnEnvironmentsSetUpStart {#TestEventListener::OnEnvironmentsSetUpStart}
+
+`virtual void TestEventListener::OnEnvironmentsSetUpStart(const UnitTest&
+unit_test)`
+
+Fired before environment set-up for each iteration of tests starts.
+
+##### OnEnvironmentsSetUpEnd {#TestEventListener::OnEnvironmentsSetUpEnd}
+
+`virtual void TestEventListener::OnEnvironmentsSetUpEnd(const UnitTest&
+unit_test)`
+
+Fired after environment set-up for each iteration of tests ends.
+
+##### OnTestSuiteStart {#TestEventListener::OnTestSuiteStart}
+
+`virtual void TestEventListener::OnTestSuiteStart(const TestSuite& test_suite)`
+
+Fired before the test suite starts.
+
+##### OnTestStart {#TestEventListener::OnTestStart}
+
+`virtual void TestEventListener::OnTestStart(const TestInfo& test_info)`
+
+Fired before the test starts.
+
+##### OnTestPartResult {#TestEventListener::OnTestPartResult}
+
+`virtual void TestEventListener::OnTestPartResult(const TestPartResult&
+test_part_result)`
+
+Fired after a failed assertion or a `SUCCEED()` invocation. If you want to throw
+an exception from this function to skip to the next test, it must be an
+[`AssertionException`](#AssertionException) or inherited from it.
+
+##### OnTestEnd {#TestEventListener::OnTestEnd}
+
+`virtual void TestEventListener::OnTestEnd(const TestInfo& test_info)`
+
+Fired after the test ends.
+
+##### OnTestSuiteEnd {#TestEventListener::OnTestSuiteEnd}
+
+`virtual void TestEventListener::OnTestSuiteEnd(const TestSuite& test_suite)`
+
+Fired after the test suite ends.
+
+##### OnEnvironmentsTearDownStart {#TestEventListener::OnEnvironmentsTearDownStart}
+
+`virtual void TestEventListener::OnEnvironmentsTearDownStart(const UnitTest&
+unit_test)`
+
+Fired before environment tear-down for each iteration of tests starts.
+
+##### OnEnvironmentsTearDownEnd {#TestEventListener::OnEnvironmentsTearDownEnd}
+
+`virtual void TestEventListener::OnEnvironmentsTearDownEnd(const UnitTest&
+unit_test)`
+
+Fired after environment tear-down for each iteration of tests ends.
+
+##### OnTestIterationEnd {#TestEventListener::OnTestIterationEnd}
+
+`virtual void TestEventListener::OnTestIterationEnd(const UnitTest& unit_test,
+int iteration)`
+
+Fired after each iteration of tests finishes.
+
+##### OnTestProgramEnd {#TestEventListener::OnTestProgramEnd}
+
+`virtual void TestEventListener::OnTestProgramEnd(const UnitTest& unit_test)`
+
+Fired after all test activities have ended.
+
+### TestEventListeners {#TestEventListeners}
+
+`::testing::TestEventListeners`
+
+Lets users add listeners to track events in GoogleTest.
+
+#### Public Methods {#TestEventListeners-public}
+
+##### Append {#TestEventListeners::Append}
+
+`void TestEventListeners::Append(TestEventListener* listener)`
+
+Appends an event listener to the end of the list. GoogleTest assumes ownership
+of the listener (i.e. it will delete the listener when the test program
+finishes).
+
+##### Release {#TestEventListeners::Release}
+
+`TestEventListener* TestEventListeners::Release(TestEventListener* listener)`
+
+Removes the given event listener from the list and returns it. It then becomes
+the caller's responsibility to delete the listener. Returns `NULL` if the
+listener is not found in the list.
+
+##### default_result_printer {#TestEventListeners::default_result_printer}
+
+`TestEventListener* TestEventListeners::default_result_printer() const`
+
+Returns the standard listener responsible for the default console output. Can be
+removed from the listeners list to shut down default console output. Note that
+removing this object from the listener list with
+[`Release()`](#TestEventListeners::Release) transfers its ownership to the
+caller and makes this function return `NULL` the next time.
+
+##### default_xml_generator {#TestEventListeners::default_xml_generator}
+
+`TestEventListener* TestEventListeners::default_xml_generator() const`
+
+Returns the standard listener responsible for the default XML output controlled
+by the `--gtest_output=xml` flag. Can be removed from the listeners list by
+users who want to shut down the default XML output controlled by this flag and
+substitute it with custom one. Note that removing this object from the listener
+list with [`Release()`](#TestEventListeners::Release) transfers its ownership to
+the caller and makes this function return `NULL` the next time.
+
+### TestPartResult {#TestPartResult}
+
+`::testing::TestPartResult`
+
+A copyable object representing the result of a test part (i.e. an assertion or
+an explicit `FAIL()`, `ADD_FAILURE()`, or `SUCCESS()`).
+
+#### Public Methods {#TestPartResult-public}
+
+##### type {#TestPartResult::type}
+
+`Type TestPartResult::type() const`
+
+Gets the outcome of the test part.
+
+The return type `Type` is an enum defined as follows:
+
+```cpp
+enum Type {
+  kSuccess,          // Succeeded.
+  kNonFatalFailure,  // Failed but the test can continue.
+  kFatalFailure,     // Failed and the test should be terminated.
+  kSkip              // Skipped.
+};
+```
+
+##### file_name {#TestPartResult::file_name}
+
+`const char* TestPartResult::file_name() const`
+
+Gets the name of the source file where the test part took place, or `NULL` if
+it's unknown.
+
+##### line_number {#TestPartResult::line_number}
+
+`int TestPartResult::line_number() const`
+
+Gets the line in the source file where the test part took place, or `-1` if it's
+unknown.
+
+##### summary {#TestPartResult::summary}
+
+`const char* TestPartResult::summary() const`
+
+Gets the summary of the failure message.
+
+##### message {#TestPartResult::message}
+
+`const char* TestPartResult::message() const`
+
+Gets the message associated with the test part.
+
+##### skipped {#TestPartResult::skipped}
+
+`bool TestPartResult::skipped() const`
+
+Returns true if and only if the test part was skipped.
+
+##### passed {#TestPartResult::passed}
+
+`bool TestPartResult::passed() const`
+
+Returns true if and only if the test part passed.
+
+##### nonfatally_failed {#TestPartResult::nonfatally_failed}
+
+`bool TestPartResult::nonfatally_failed() const`
+
+Returns true if and only if the test part non-fatally failed.
+
+##### fatally_failed {#TestPartResult::fatally_failed}
+
+`bool TestPartResult::fatally_failed() const`
+
+Returns true if and only if the test part fatally failed.
+
+##### failed {#TestPartResult::failed}
+
+`bool TestPartResult::failed() const`
+
+Returns true if and only if the test part failed.
+
+### TestProperty {#TestProperty}
+
+`::testing::TestProperty`
+
+A copyable object representing a user-specified test property which can be
+output as a key/value string pair.
+
+#### Public Methods {#TestProperty-public}
+
+##### key {#key}
+
+`const char* key() const`
+
+Gets the user-supplied key.
+
+##### value {#value}
+
+`const char* value() const`
+
+Gets the user-supplied value.
+
+##### SetValue {#SetValue}
+
+`void SetValue(const std::string& new_value)`
+
+Sets a new value, overriding the previous one.
+
+### TestResult {#TestResult}
+
+`::testing::TestResult`
+
+Contains information about the result of a single test.
+
+`TestResult` is not copyable.
+
+#### Public Methods {#TestResult-public}
+
+##### total_part_count {#TestResult::total_part_count}
+
+`int TestResult::total_part_count() const`
+
+Gets the number of all test parts. This is the sum of the number of successful
+test parts and the number of failed test parts.
+
+##### test_property_count {#TestResult::test_property_count}
+
+`int TestResult::test_property_count() const`
+
+Returns the number of test properties.
+
+##### Passed {#TestResult::Passed}
+
+`bool TestResult::Passed() const`
+
+Returns true if and only if the test passed (i.e. no test part failed).
+
+##### Skipped {#TestResult::Skipped}
+
+`bool TestResult::Skipped() const`
+
+Returns true if and only if the test was skipped.
+
+##### Failed {#TestResult::Failed}
+
+`bool TestResult::Failed() const`
+
+Returns true if and only if the test failed.
+
+##### HasFatalFailure {#TestResult::HasFatalFailure}
+
+`bool TestResult::HasFatalFailure() const`
+
+Returns true if and only if the test fatally failed.
+
+##### HasNonfatalFailure {#TestResult::HasNonfatalFailure}
+
+`bool TestResult::HasNonfatalFailure() const`
+
+Returns true if and only if the test has a non-fatal failure.
+
+##### elapsed_time {#TestResult::elapsed_time}
+
+`TimeInMillis TestResult::elapsed_time() const`
+
+Returns the elapsed time, in milliseconds.
+
+##### start_timestamp {#TestResult::start_timestamp}
+
+`TimeInMillis TestResult::start_timestamp() const`
+
+Gets the time of the test case start, in ms from the start of the UNIX epoch.
+
+##### GetTestPartResult {#TestResult::GetTestPartResult}
+
+`const TestPartResult& TestResult::GetTestPartResult(int i) const`
+
+Returns the [`TestPartResult`](#TestPartResult) for the `i`-th test part result
+among all the results. `i` can range from 0 to `total_part_count() - 1`. If `i`
+is not in that range, aborts the program.
+
+##### GetTestProperty {#TestResult::GetTestProperty}
+
+`const TestProperty& TestResult::GetTestProperty(int i) const`
+
+Returns the [`TestProperty`](#TestProperty) object for the `i`-th test property.
+`i` can range from 0 to `test_property_count() - 1`. If `i` is not in that
+range, aborts the program.
+
+### TimeInMillis {#TimeInMillis}
+
+`::testing::TimeInMillis`
+
+An integer type representing time in milliseconds.
+
+### Types {#Types}
+
+`::testing::Types<T...>`
+
+Represents a list of types for use in typed tests and type-parameterized tests.
+
+The template argument `T...` can be any number of types, for example:
+
+```
+::testing::Types<char, int, unsigned int>
+```
+
+See [Typed Tests](../advanced.md#typed-tests) and
+[Type-Parameterized Tests](../advanced.md#type-parameterized-tests) for more
+information.
+
+### WithParamInterface {#WithParamInterface}
+
+`::testing::WithParamInterface<T>`
+
+The pure interface class that all value-parameterized tests inherit from.
+
+A value-parameterized test fixture class must inherit from both [`Test`](#Test)
+and `WithParamInterface`. In most cases that just means inheriting from
+[`TestWithParam`](#TestWithParam), but more complicated test hierarchies may
+need to inherit from `Test` and `WithParamInterface` at different levels.
+
+This interface defines the type alias `ParamType` for the parameter type `T` and
+has support for accessing the test parameter value via the `GetParam()` method:
+
+```
+static const ParamType& GetParam()
+```
+
+For more information, see
+[Value-Parameterized Tests](../advanced.md#value-parameterized-tests).
+
+## Functions
+
+GoogleTest defines the following functions to help with writing and running
+tests.
+
+### InitGoogleTest {#InitGoogleTest}
+
+`void ::testing::InitGoogleTest(int* argc, char** argv)` \
+`void ::testing::InitGoogleTest(int* argc, wchar_t** argv)` \
+`void ::testing::InitGoogleTest()`
+
+Initializes GoogleTest. This must be called before calling
+[`RUN_ALL_TESTS()`](#RUN_ALL_TESTS). In particular, it parses the command line
+for the flags that GoogleTest recognizes. Whenever a GoogleTest flag is seen, it
+is removed from `argv`, and `*argc` is decremented.
+
+No value is returned. Instead, the GoogleTest flag variables are updated.
+
+The `InitGoogleTest(int* argc, wchar_t** argv)` overload can be used in Windows
+programs compiled in `UNICODE` mode.
+
+The argument-less `InitGoogleTest()` overload can be used on Arduino/embedded
+platforms where there is no `argc`/`argv`.
+
+### AddGlobalTestEnvironment {#AddGlobalTestEnvironment}
+
+`Environment* ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(Environment* env)`
+
+Adds a test environment to the test program. Must be called before
+[`RUN_ALL_TESTS()`](#RUN_ALL_TESTS) is called. See
+[Global Set-Up and Tear-Down](../advanced.md#global-set-up-and-tear-down) for
+more information.
+
+See also [`Environment`](#Environment).
+
+### RegisterTest {#RegisterTest}
+
+```cpp
+template <typename Factory>
+TestInfo* ::testing::RegisterTest(const char* test_suite_name, const char* test_name,
+                                  const char* type_param, const char* value_param,
+                                  const char* file, int line, Factory factory)
+```
+
+Dynamically registers a test with the framework.
+
+The `factory` argument is a factory callable (move-constructible) object or
+function pointer that creates a new instance of the `Test` object. It handles
+ownership to the caller. The signature of the callable is `Fixture*()`, where
+`Fixture` is the test fixture class for the test. All tests registered with the
+same `test_suite_name` must return the same fixture type. This is checked at
+runtime.
+
+The framework will infer the fixture class from the factory and will call the
+`SetUpTestSuite` and `TearDownTestSuite` methods for it.
+
+Must be called before [`RUN_ALL_TESTS()`](#RUN_ALL_TESTS) is invoked, otherwise
+behavior is undefined.
+
+See
+[Registering tests programmatically](../advanced.md#registering-tests-programmatically)
+for more information.
+
+### RUN_ALL_TESTS {#RUN_ALL_TESTS}
+
+`int RUN_ALL_TESTS()`
+
+Use this function in `main()` to run all tests. It returns `0` if all tests are
+successful, or `1` otherwise.
+
+`RUN_ALL_TESTS()` should be invoked after the command line has been parsed by
+[`InitGoogleTest()`](#InitGoogleTest).
+
+This function was formerly a macro; thus, it is in the global namespace and has
+an all-caps name.
+
+### AssertionSuccess {#AssertionSuccess}
+
+`AssertionResult ::testing::AssertionSuccess()`
+
+Creates a successful assertion result. See
+[`AssertionResult`](#AssertionResult).
+
+### AssertionFailure {#AssertionFailure}
+
+`AssertionResult ::testing::AssertionFailure()`
+
+Creates a failed assertion result. Use the `<<` operator to store a failure
+message:
+
+```cpp
+::testing::AssertionFailure() << "My failure message";
+```
+
+See [`AssertionResult`](#AssertionResult).
+
+### StaticAssertTypeEq {#StaticAssertTypeEq}
+
+`::testing::StaticAssertTypeEq<T1, T2>()`
+
+Compile-time assertion for type equality. Compiles if and only if `T1` and `T2`
+are the same type. The value it returns is irrelevant.
+
+See [Type Assertions](../advanced.md#type-assertions) for more information.
+
+### PrintToString {#PrintToString}
+
+`std::string ::testing::PrintToString(x)`
+
+Prints any value `x` using GoogleTest's value printer.
+
+See
+[Teaching GoogleTest How to Print Your Values](../advanced.md#teaching-googletest-how-to-print-your-values)
+for more information.
+
+### PrintToStringParamName {#PrintToStringParamName}
+
+`std::string ::testing::PrintToStringParamName(TestParamInfo<T>& info)`
+
+A built-in parameterized test name generator which returns the result of
+[`PrintToString`](#PrintToString) called on `info.param`. Does not work when the
+test parameter is a `std::string` or C string. See
+[Specifying Names for Value-Parameterized Test Parameters](../advanced.md#specifying-names-for-value-parameterized-test-parameters)
+for more information.
+
+See also [`TestParamInfo`](#TestParamInfo) and
+[`INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P`](#INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P).
diff --git a/docs/samples.md b/docs/samples.md
index aaa5883..2d97ca5 100644
--- a/docs/samples.md
+++ b/docs/samples.md
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Googletest Samples {#samples}
+# Googletest Samples
 
 If you're like us, you'd like to look at
 [googletest samples.](https://github.com/google/googletest/tree/master/googletest/samples)
diff --git a/googlemock/CMakeLists.txt b/googlemock/CMakeLists.txt
index 3d6699a..e7df8ec 100644
--- a/googlemock/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/googlemock/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -153,7 +153,6 @@
   cxx_test(gmock-cardinalities_test gmock_main)
   cxx_test(gmock_ex_test gmock_main)
   cxx_test(gmock-function-mocker_test gmock_main)
-  cxx_test(gmock-generated-actions_test gmock_main)
   cxx_test(gmock-internal-utils_test gmock_main)
   cxx_test(gmock-matchers_test gmock_main)
   cxx_test(gmock-more-actions_test gmock_main)
diff --git a/googlemock/CONTRIBUTORS b/googlemock/CONTRIBUTORS
deleted file mode 100644
index 6e9ae36..0000000
--- a/googlemock/CONTRIBUTORS
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,40 +0,0 @@
-# This file contains a list of people who've made non-trivial
-# contribution to the Google C++ Mocking Framework project.  People
-# who commit code to the project are encouraged to add their names
-# here.  Please keep the list sorted by first names.
-
-Benoit Sigoure <tsuna@google.com>
-Bogdan Piloca <boo@google.com>
-Chandler Carruth <chandlerc@google.com>
-Dave MacLachlan <dmaclach@gmail.com>
-David Anderson <danderson@google.com>
-Dean Sturtevant
-Gene Volovich <gv@cite.com>
-Hal Burch <gmock@hburch.com>
-Jeffrey Yasskin <jyasskin@google.com>
-Jim Keller <jimkeller@google.com>
-Joe Walnes <joe@truemesh.com>
-Jon Wray <jwray@google.com>
-Keir Mierle <mierle@gmail.com>
-Keith Ray <keith.ray@gmail.com>
-Kostya Serebryany <kcc@google.com>
-Lev Makhlis
-Manuel Klimek <klimek@google.com>
-Mario Tanev <radix@google.com>
-Mark Paskin
-Markus Heule <markus.heule@gmail.com>
-Matthew Simmons <simmonmt@acm.org>
-Mike Bland <mbland@google.com>
-Neal Norwitz <nnorwitz@gmail.com>
-Nermin Ozkiranartli <nermin@google.com>
-Owen Carlsen <ocarlsen@google.com>
-Paneendra Ba <paneendra@google.com>
-Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
-Piotr Kaminski <piotrk@google.com>
-Russ Rufer <russ@pentad.com>
-Sverre Sundsdal <sundsdal@gmail.com>
-Takeshi Yoshino <tyoshino@google.com>
-Vadim Berman <vadimb@google.com>
-Vlad Losev <vladl@google.com>
-Wolfgang Klier <wklier@google.com>
-Zhanyong Wan <wan@google.com>
diff --git a/googlemock/LICENSE b/googlemock/LICENSE
deleted file mode 100644
index 1941a11..0000000
--- a/googlemock/LICENSE
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-Copyright 2008, Google Inc.
-All rights reserved.
-
-Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
-modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
-met:
-
-    * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
-notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
-    * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
-copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
-in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
-distribution.
-    * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
-contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
-this software without specific prior written permission.
-
-THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
-"AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
-LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
-A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
-OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
-SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
-LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
-DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
-THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
-(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
-OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
diff --git a/googlemock/README.md b/googlemock/README.md
index daafe28..ead6883 100644
--- a/googlemock/README.md
+++ b/googlemock/README.md
@@ -30,10 +30,10 @@
 
 Details and examples can be found here:
 
-*   [gMock for Dummies](docs/for_dummies.md)
-*   [Legacy gMock FAQ](docs/gmock_faq.md)
-*   [gMock Cookbook](docs/cook_book.md)
-*   [gMock Cheat Sheet](docs/cheat_sheet.md)
+*   [gMock for Dummies](https://google.github.io/googletest/gmock_for_dummies.html)
+*   [Legacy gMock FAQ](https://google.github.io/googletest/gmock_faq.html)
+*   [gMock Cookbook](https://google.github.io/googletest/gmock_cook_book.html)
+*   [gMock Cheat Sheet](https://google.github.io/googletest/gmock_cheat_sheet.html)
 
 Please note that code under scripts/generator/ is from the
 [cppclean project](http://code.google.com/p/cppclean/) and under the Apache
diff --git a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-actions.h b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-actions.h
index fb33f7b..f2393bd 100644
--- a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-actions.h
+++ b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-actions.h
@@ -123,12 +123,12 @@
 // MORE INFORMATION:
 //
 // To learn more about using these macros, please search for 'ACTION' on
-// https://github.com/google/googletest/blob/master/googlemock/docs/cook_book.md
+// https://github.com/google/googletest/blob/master/docs/gmock_cook_book.md
 
 // GOOGLETEST_CM0002 DO NOT DELETE
 
-#ifndef GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_ACTIONS_H_
-#define GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_ACTIONS_H_
+#ifndef GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_ACTIONS_H_
+#define GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_ACTIONS_H_
 
 #ifndef _WIN32_WCE
 # include <errno.h>
@@ -1520,7 +1520,7 @@
     // types instantiated.  Up to 10 of the args that are provided by the
     // args_type get passed, followed by a dummy of unspecified type for the
     // remainder up to 10 explicit args.
-    static const ExcessiveArg kExcessArg;
+    static constexpr ExcessiveArg kExcessArg{};
     return static_cast<const Impl&>(*this).template gmock_PerformImpl<
         /*function_type=*/function_type, /*return_type=*/R,
         /*args_type=*/args_type,
@@ -1684,5 +1684,4 @@
 # pragma warning(pop)
 #endif
 
-
-#endif  // GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_ACTIONS_H_
+#endif  // GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_ACTIONS_H_
diff --git a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-cardinalities.h b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-cardinalities.h
index 46e01e1..fc7f803 100644
--- a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-cardinalities.h
+++ b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-cardinalities.h
@@ -36,8 +36,8 @@
 
 // GOOGLETEST_CM0002 DO NOT DELETE
 
-#ifndef GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_CARDINALITIES_H_
-#define GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_CARDINALITIES_H_
+#ifndef GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_CARDINALITIES_H_
+#define GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_CARDINALITIES_H_
 
 #include <limits.h>
 #include <memory>
@@ -154,4 +154,4 @@
 
 GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_()  //  4251
 
-#endif  // GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_CARDINALITIES_H_
+#endif  // GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_CARDINALITIES_H_
diff --git a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-function-mocker.h b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-function-mocker.h
index f592d86..0fc6f6f 100644
--- a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-function-mocker.h
+++ b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-function-mocker.h
@@ -33,8 +33,8 @@
 
 // GOOGLETEST_CM0002 DO NOT DELETE
 
-#ifndef THIRD_PARTY_GOOGLETEST_GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_GMOCK_FUNCTION_MOCKER_H_  // NOLINT
-#define THIRD_PARTY_GOOGLETEST_GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_GMOCK_FUNCTION_MOCKER_H_  // NOLINT
+#ifndef GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_GMOCK_FUNCTION_MOCKER_H_  // NOLINT
+#define GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_GMOCK_FUNCTION_MOCKER_H_  // NOLINT
 
 #include <type_traits>  // IWYU pragma: keep
 #include <utility>      // IWYU pragma: keep
@@ -476,4 +476,4 @@
 #define GMOCK_MOCKER_(arity, constness, Method) \
   GTEST_CONCAT_TOKEN_(gmock##constness##arity##_##Method##_, __LINE__)
 
-#endif  // THIRD_PARTY_GOOGLETEST_GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_GMOCK_FUNCTION_MOCKER_H_
+#endif  // GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_GMOCK_FUNCTION_MOCKER_H_
diff --git a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-generated-actions.h.pump b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-generated-actions.h.pump
deleted file mode 100644
index 982caf9..0000000
--- a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-generated-actions.h.pump
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,390 +0,0 @@
-$$ -*- mode: c++; -*-
-$$ This is a Pump source file. Please use Pump to convert it to
-$$ gmock-generated-actions.h.
-$$
-$var n = 10  $$ The maximum arity we support.
-$$}} This meta comment fixes auto-indentation in editors.
-// Copyright 2007, Google Inc.
-// All rights reserved.
-//
-// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
-// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
-// met:
-//
-//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
-// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
-//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
-// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
-// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
-// distribution.
-//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
-// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
-// this software without specific prior written permission.
-//
-// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
-// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
-// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
-// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
-// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
-// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
-// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
-// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
-// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
-// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
-// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
-
-
-// Google Mock - a framework for writing C++ mock classes.
-//
-// This file implements some commonly used variadic actions.
-
-// GOOGLETEST_CM0002 DO NOT DELETE
-
-#ifndef GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_GENERATED_ACTIONS_H_
-#define GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_GENERATED_ACTIONS_H_
-
-#include <memory>
-#include <utility>
-
-#include "gmock/gmock-actions.h"
-#include "gmock/internal/gmock-port.h"
-
-// Include any custom callback actions added by the local installation.
-#include "gmock/internal/custom/gmock-generated-actions.h"
-
-$range i 0..n
-$range k 0..n-1
-
-// Sometimes you want to give an action explicit template parameters
-// that cannot be inferred from its value parameters.  ACTION() and
-// ACTION_P*() don't support that.  ACTION_TEMPLATE() remedies that
-// and can be viewed as an extension to ACTION() and ACTION_P*().
-//
-// The syntax:
-//
-//   ACTION_TEMPLATE(ActionName,
-//                   HAS_m_TEMPLATE_PARAMS(kind1, name1, ..., kind_m, name_m),
-//                   AND_n_VALUE_PARAMS(p1, ..., p_n)) { statements; }
-//
-// defines an action template that takes m explicit template
-// parameters and n value parameters.  name_i is the name of the i-th
-// template parameter, and kind_i specifies whether it's a typename,
-// an integral constant, or a template.  p_i is the name of the i-th
-// value parameter.
-//
-// Example:
-//
-//   // DuplicateArg<k, T>(output) converts the k-th argument of the mock
-//   // function to type T and copies it to *output.
-//   ACTION_TEMPLATE(DuplicateArg,
-//                   HAS_2_TEMPLATE_PARAMS(int, k, typename, T),
-//                   AND_1_VALUE_PARAMS(output)) {
-//     *output = T(::std::get<k>(args));
-//   }
-//   ...
-//     int n;
-//     EXPECT_CALL(mock, Foo(_, _))
-//         .WillOnce(DuplicateArg<1, unsigned char>(&n));
-//
-// To create an instance of an action template, write:
-//
-//   ActionName<t1, ..., t_m>(v1, ..., v_n)
-//
-// where the ts are the template arguments and the vs are the value
-// arguments.  The value argument types are inferred by the compiler.
-// If you want to explicitly specify the value argument types, you can
-// provide additional template arguments:
-//
-//   ActionName<t1, ..., t_m, u1, ..., u_k>(v1, ..., v_n)
-//
-// where u_i is the desired type of v_i.
-//
-// ACTION_TEMPLATE and ACTION/ACTION_P* can be overloaded on the
-// number of value parameters, but not on the number of template
-// parameters.  Without the restriction, the meaning of the following
-// is unclear:
-//
-//   OverloadedAction<int, bool>(x);
-//
-// Are we using a single-template-parameter action where 'bool' refers
-// to the type of x, or are we using a two-template-parameter action
-// where the compiler is asked to infer the type of x?
-//
-// Implementation notes:
-//
-// GMOCK_INTERNAL_*_HAS_m_TEMPLATE_PARAMS and
-// GMOCK_INTERNAL_*_AND_n_VALUE_PARAMS are internal macros for
-// implementing ACTION_TEMPLATE.  The main trick we use is to create
-// new macro invocations when expanding a macro.  For example, we have
-//
-//   #define ACTION_TEMPLATE(name, template_params, value_params)
-//       ... GMOCK_INTERNAL_DECL_##template_params ...
-//
-// which causes ACTION_TEMPLATE(..., HAS_1_TEMPLATE_PARAMS(typename, T), ...)
-// to expand to
-//
-//       ... GMOCK_INTERNAL_DECL_HAS_1_TEMPLATE_PARAMS(typename, T) ...
-//
-// Since GMOCK_INTERNAL_DECL_HAS_1_TEMPLATE_PARAMS is a macro, the
-// preprocessor will continue to expand it to
-//
-//       ... typename T ...
-//
-// This technique conforms to the C++ standard and is portable.  It
-// allows us to implement action templates using O(N) code, where N is
-// the maximum number of template/value parameters supported.  Without
-// using it, we'd have to devote O(N^2) amount of code to implement all
-// combinations of m and n.
-
-// Declares the template parameters.
-
-$range j 1..n
-$for j [[
-$range m 0..j-1
-#define GMOCK_INTERNAL_DECL_HAS_$j[[]]
-_TEMPLATE_PARAMS($for m, [[kind$m, name$m]]) $for m, [[kind$m name$m]]
-
-
-]]
-
-// Lists the template parameters.
-
-$for j [[
-$range m 0..j-1
-#define GMOCK_INTERNAL_LIST_HAS_$j[[]]
-_TEMPLATE_PARAMS($for m, [[kind$m, name$m]]) $for m, [[name$m]]
-
-
-]]
-
-// Declares the types of value parameters.
-
-$for i [[
-$range j 0..i-1
-#define GMOCK_INTERNAL_DECL_TYPE_AND_$i[[]]
-_VALUE_PARAMS($for j, [[p$j]]) $for j [[, typename p$j##_type]]
-
-
-]]
-
-// Initializes the value parameters.
-
-$for i [[
-$range j 0..i-1
-#define GMOCK_INTERNAL_INIT_AND_$i[[]]_VALUE_PARAMS($for j, [[p$j]])\
-    ($for j, [[p$j##_type gmock_p$j]])$if i>0 [[ : ]]$for j, [[p$j(::std::move(gmock_p$j))]]
-
-
-]]
-
-// Defines the copy constructor
-
-$for i [[
-#define GMOCK_INTERNAL_DEFN_COPY_AND_$i[[]]_VALUE_PARAMS$if i == 0[[() \
-    noexcept {}  // Avoid https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=82134
-]] $else [[(...) = default;]]
-
-
-]]
-
-// Declares the fields for storing the value parameters.
-
-$for i [[
-$range j 0..i-1
-#define GMOCK_INTERNAL_DEFN_AND_$i[[]]
-_VALUE_PARAMS($for j, [[p$j]]) $for j [[p$j##_type p$j; ]]
-
-
-]]
-
-// Lists the value parameters.
-
-$for i [[
-$range j 0..i-1
-#define GMOCK_INTERNAL_LIST_AND_$i[[]]
-_VALUE_PARAMS($for j, [[p$j]]) $for j, [[p$j]]
-
-
-]]
-
-// Lists the value parameter types.
-
-$for i [[
-$range j 0..i-1
-#define GMOCK_INTERNAL_LIST_TYPE_AND_$i[[]]
-_VALUE_PARAMS($for j, [[p$j]]) $for j [[, p$j##_type]]
-
-
-]]
-
-// Declares the value parameters.
-
-$for i [[
-$range j 0..i-1
-#define GMOCK_INTERNAL_DECL_AND_$i[[]]_VALUE_PARAMS($for j, [[p$j]]) [[]]
-$for j, [[p$j##_type p$j]]
-
-
-]]
-
-// The suffix of the class template implementing the action template.
-$for i [[
-
-
-$range j 0..i-1
-#define GMOCK_INTERNAL_COUNT_AND_$i[[]]_VALUE_PARAMS($for j, [[p$j]]) [[]]
-$if i==1 [[P]] $elif i>=2 [[P$i]]
-]]
-
-
-// The name of the class template implementing the action template.
-#define GMOCK_ACTION_CLASS_(name, value_params)\
-    GTEST_CONCAT_TOKEN_(name##Action, GMOCK_INTERNAL_COUNT_##value_params)
-
-$range k 0..n-1
-
-#define ACTION_TEMPLATE(name, template_params, value_params)                   \
-  template <GMOCK_INTERNAL_DECL_##template_params                              \
-            GMOCK_INTERNAL_DECL_TYPE_##value_params>                           \
-  class GMOCK_ACTION_CLASS_(name, value_params) {                              \
-   public:                                                                     \
-    explicit GMOCK_ACTION_CLASS_(name, value_params)(                          \
-        GMOCK_INTERNAL_DECL_##value_params)                                    \
-        GMOCK_PP_IF(GMOCK_PP_IS_EMPTY(GMOCK_INTERNAL_COUNT_##value_params),    \
-                    = default; ,                                               \
-                    : impl_(std::make_shared<gmock_Impl>(                      \
-                                GMOCK_INTERNAL_LIST_##value_params)) { })      \
-    GMOCK_ACTION_CLASS_(name, value_params)(                                   \
-        const GMOCK_ACTION_CLASS_(name, value_params)&)                        \
-        GMOCK_INTERNAL_DEFN_COPY_##value_params                                \
-    GMOCK_ACTION_CLASS_(name, value_params)(                                   \
-        GMOCK_ACTION_CLASS_(name, value_params)&&)                             \
-        GMOCK_INTERNAL_DEFN_COPY_##value_params                                \
-    template <typename F>                                                      \
-    operator ::testing::Action<F>() const {                                    \
-      return GMOCK_PP_IF(                                                      \
-          GMOCK_PP_IS_EMPTY(GMOCK_INTERNAL_COUNT_##value_params),              \
-                      (::testing::internal::MakeAction<F, gmock_Impl>()),      \
-                      (::testing::internal::MakeAction<F>(impl_)));            \
-    }                                                                          \
-   private:                                                                    \
-    class gmock_Impl {                                                         \
-     public:                                                                   \
-      explicit gmock_Impl GMOCK_INTERNAL_INIT_##value_params {}                \
-      template <typename function_type, typename return_type,                  \
-                typename args_type, GMOCK_ACTION_TEMPLATE_ARGS_NAMES_>         \
-      return_type gmock_PerformImpl(GMOCK_ACTION_ARG_TYPES_AND_NAMES_) const;  \
-      GMOCK_INTERNAL_DEFN_##value_params                                       \
-    };                                                                         \
-    GMOCK_PP_IF(GMOCK_PP_IS_EMPTY(GMOCK_INTERNAL_COUNT_##value_params),        \
-                , std::shared_ptr<const gmock_Impl> impl_;)                    \
-  };                                                                           \
-  template <GMOCK_INTERNAL_DECL_##template_params                              \
-            GMOCK_INTERNAL_DECL_TYPE_##value_params>                           \
-  GMOCK_ACTION_CLASS_(name, value_params)<                                     \
-      GMOCK_INTERNAL_LIST_##template_params                                    \
-      GMOCK_INTERNAL_LIST_TYPE_##value_params> name(                           \
-          GMOCK_INTERNAL_DECL_##value_params) GTEST_MUST_USE_RESULT_;          \
-  template <GMOCK_INTERNAL_DECL_##template_params                              \
-            GMOCK_INTERNAL_DECL_TYPE_##value_params>                           \
-  inline GMOCK_ACTION_CLASS_(name, value_params)<                              \
-      GMOCK_INTERNAL_LIST_##template_params                                    \
-      GMOCK_INTERNAL_LIST_TYPE_##value_params> name(                           \
-          GMOCK_INTERNAL_DECL_##value_params) {                                \
-    return GMOCK_ACTION_CLASS_(name, value_params)<                            \
-        GMOCK_INTERNAL_LIST_##template_params                                  \
-        GMOCK_INTERNAL_LIST_TYPE_##value_params>(                              \
-            GMOCK_INTERNAL_LIST_##value_params);                               \
-  }                                                                            \
-  template <GMOCK_INTERNAL_DECL_##template_params                              \
-            GMOCK_INTERNAL_DECL_TYPE_##value_params>                           \
-  template <typename function_type, typename return_type, typename args_type,  \
-            GMOCK_ACTION_TEMPLATE_ARGS_NAMES_>                                 \
-  return_type GMOCK_ACTION_CLASS_(name, value_params)<                         \
-      GMOCK_INTERNAL_LIST_##template_params                                    \
-      GMOCK_INTERNAL_LIST_TYPE_##value_params>::gmock_Impl::gmock_PerformImpl( \
-          GMOCK_ACTION_ARG_TYPES_AND_NAMES_UNUSED_) const
-
-namespace testing {
-
-// The ACTION*() macros trigger warning C4100 (unreferenced formal
-// parameter) in MSVC with -W4.  Unfortunately they cannot be fixed in
-// the macro definition, as the warnings are generated when the macro
-// is expanded and macro expansion cannot contain #pragma.  Therefore
-// we suppress them here.
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-# pragma warning(push)
-# pragma warning(disable:4100)
-#endif
-
-namespace internal {
-
-// internal::InvokeArgument - a helper for InvokeArgument action.
-// The basic overloads are provided here for generic functors.
-// Overloads for other custom-callables are provided in the
-// internal/custom/gmock-generated-actions.h header.
-template <typename F, typename... Args>
-auto InvokeArgument(F f, Args... args) -> decltype(f(args...)) {
-  return f(args...);
-}
-
-template <std::size_t index, typename... Params>
-struct InvokeArgumentAction {
-  template <typename... Args>
-  auto operator()(Args&&... args) const -> decltype(internal::InvokeArgument(
-      std::get<index>(std::forward_as_tuple(std::forward<Args>(args)...)),
-      std::declval<const Params&>()...)) {
-    internal::FlatTuple<Args&&...> args_tuple(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
-    return params.Apply([&](const Params&... unpacked_params) {
-      auto&& callable = args_tuple.template Get<index>();
-      return internal::InvokeArgument(
-          std::forward<decltype(callable)>(callable), unpacked_params...);
-    });
-  }
-
-  internal::FlatTuple<Params...> params;
-};
-
-}  // namespace internal
-
-// The InvokeArgument<N>(a1, a2, ..., a_k) action invokes the N-th
-// (0-based) argument, which must be a k-ary callable, of the mock
-// function, with arguments a1, a2, ..., a_k.
-//
-// Notes:
-//
-//   1. The arguments are passed by value by default.  If you need to
-//   pass an argument by reference, wrap it inside std::ref().  For
-//   example,
-//
-//     InvokeArgument<1>(5, string("Hello"), std::ref(foo))
-//
-//   passes 5 and string("Hello") by value, and passes foo by
-//   reference.
-//
-//   2. If the callable takes an argument by reference but std::ref() is
-//   not used, it will receive the reference to a copy of the value,
-//   instead of the original value.  For example, when the 0-th
-//   argument of the mock function takes a const string&, the action
-//
-//     InvokeArgument<0>(string("Hello"))
-//
-//   makes a copy of the temporary string("Hello") object and passes a
-//   reference of the copy, instead of the original temporary object,
-//   to the callable.  This makes it easy for a user to define an
-//   InvokeArgument action from temporary values and have it performed
-//   later.
-template <std::size_t index, typename... Params>
-internal::InvokeArgumentAction<index, typename std::decay<Params>::type...>
-InvokeArgument(Params&&... params) {
-  return {internal::FlatTuple<typename std::decay<Params>::type...>(
-      std::forward<Params>(params)...)};
-}
-
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-# pragma warning(pop)
-#endif
-
-}  // namespace testing
-
-#endif  // GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_GENERATED_ACTIONS_H_
diff --git a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-matchers.h b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-matchers.h
index 9bdd058..86be9c1 100644
--- a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-matchers.h
+++ b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-matchers.h
@@ -241,7 +241,7 @@
 //
 // To learn more about using these macros, please search for 'MATCHER'
 // on
-// https://github.com/google/googletest/blob/master/googlemock/docs/cook_book.md
+// https://github.com/google/googletest/blob/master/docs/gmock_cook_book.md
 //
 // This file also implements some commonly used argument matchers.  More
 // matchers can be defined by the user implementing the
@@ -252,8 +252,8 @@
 
 // GOOGLETEST_CM0002 DO NOT DELETE
 
-#ifndef GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_MATCHERS_H_
-#define GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_MATCHERS_H_
+#ifndef GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_MATCHERS_H_
+#define GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_MATCHERS_H_
 
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <cmath>
@@ -343,7 +343,7 @@
     // constructor from M (this usually happens when T has an implicit
     // constructor from any type).
     //
-    // It won't work to unconditionally implict_cast
+    // It won't work to unconditionally implicit_cast
     // polymorphic_matcher_or_value to Matcher<T> because it won't trigger
     // a user-defined conversion from M to T if one exists (assuming M is
     // a value).
@@ -5389,4 +5389,4 @@
 // declarations from this file.
 #include "gmock/internal/custom/gmock-matchers.h"
 
-#endif  // GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_MATCHERS_H_
+#endif  // GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_MATCHERS_H_
diff --git a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-generated-actions.h b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-more-actions.h
similarity index 98%
rename from googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-generated-actions.h
rename to googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-more-actions.h
index 62909ea..fd29335 100644
--- a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-generated-actions.h
+++ b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-more-actions.h
@@ -1,7 +1,3 @@
-// This file was GENERATED by command:
-//     pump.py gmock-generated-actions.h.pump
-// DO NOT EDIT BY HAND!!!
-
 // Copyright 2007, Google Inc.
 // All rights reserved.
 //
@@ -38,8 +34,8 @@
 
 // GOOGLETEST_CM0002 DO NOT DELETE
 
-#ifndef GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_GENERATED_ACTIONS_H_
-#define GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_GENERATED_ACTIONS_H_
+#ifndef GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_MORE_ACTIONS_H_
+#define GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_MORE_ACTIONS_H_
 
 #include <memory>
 #include <utility>
@@ -296,7 +292,7 @@
 
 // Defines the copy constructor
 #define GMOCK_INTERNAL_DEFN_COPY_AND_0_VALUE_PARAMS() \
-    noexcept {}  // Avoid https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=82134
+    {}  // Avoid https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=82134
 #define GMOCK_INTERNAL_DEFN_COPY_AND_1_VALUE_PARAMS(...) = default;
 #define GMOCK_INTERNAL_DEFN_COPY_AND_2_VALUE_PARAMS(...) = default;
 #define GMOCK_INTERNAL_DEFN_COPY_AND_3_VALUE_PARAMS(...) = default;
@@ -441,10 +437,10 @@
                     : impl_(std::make_shared<gmock_Impl>(                      \
                                 GMOCK_INTERNAL_LIST_##value_params)) { })      \
     GMOCK_ACTION_CLASS_(name, value_params)(                                   \
-        const GMOCK_ACTION_CLASS_(name, value_params)&)                        \
+        const GMOCK_ACTION_CLASS_(name, value_params)&) noexcept               \
         GMOCK_INTERNAL_DEFN_COPY_##value_params                                \
     GMOCK_ACTION_CLASS_(name, value_params)(                                   \
-        GMOCK_ACTION_CLASS_(name, value_params)&&)                             \
+        GMOCK_ACTION_CLASS_(name, value_params)&&) noexcept                    \
         GMOCK_INTERNAL_DEFN_COPY_##value_params                                \
     template <typename F>                                                      \
     operator ::testing::Action<F>() const {                                    \
@@ -574,4 +570,4 @@
 
 }  // namespace testing
 
-#endif  // GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_GENERATED_ACTIONS_H_
+#endif  // GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_MORE_ACTIONS_H_
diff --git a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-more-matchers.h b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-more-matchers.h
index b306dd6..dfc77e3 100644
--- a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-more-matchers.h
+++ b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-more-matchers.h
@@ -37,8 +37,8 @@
 
 // GOOGLETEST_CM0002 DO NOT DELETE
 
-#ifndef GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_MORE_MATCHERS_H_
-#define GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_MORE_MATCHERS_H_
+#ifndef GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_MORE_MATCHERS_H_
+#define GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_MORE_MATCHERS_H_
 
 #include "gmock/gmock-matchers.h"
 
@@ -89,4 +89,4 @@
 
 }  // namespace testing
 
-#endif  // GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_MORE_MATCHERS_H_
+#endif  // GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_MORE_MATCHERS_H_
diff --git a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-nice-strict.h b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-nice-strict.h
index 8230058..b03b770 100644
--- a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-nice-strict.h
+++ b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-nice-strict.h
@@ -60,8 +60,8 @@
 
 // GOOGLETEST_CM0002 DO NOT DELETE
 
-#ifndef GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_NICE_STRICT_H_
-#define GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_NICE_STRICT_H_
+#ifndef GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_NICE_STRICT_H_
+#define GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_NICE_STRICT_H_
 
 #include <type_traits>
 
@@ -97,7 +97,8 @@
 // deregistration. This guarantees that MockClass's constructor and destructor
 // run with the same level of strictness as its instance methods.
 
-#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS && (defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__clang__))
+#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MINGW && \
+    (defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__clang__))
 // We need to mark these classes with this declspec to ensure that
 // the empty base class optimization is performed.
 #define GTEST_INTERNAL_EMPTY_BASE_CLASS __declspec(empty_bases)
@@ -136,12 +137,11 @@
     : private internal::NiceMockImpl<MockClass>,
       public MockClass {
  public:
-  static_assert(
-      !internal::HasStrictnessModifier<MockClass>(),
-      "Can't apply NiceMock to a class hierarchy that already has a "
-      "strictness modifier. See "
-      "https://github.com/google/googletest/blob/master/googlemock/docs/"
-      "cook_book.md#the-nice-the-strict-and-the-naggy-nicestrictnaggy");
+  static_assert(!internal::HasStrictnessModifier<MockClass>(),
+                "Can't apply NiceMock to a class hierarchy that already has a "
+                "strictness modifier. See "
+                "https://google.github.io/googletest/"
+                "gmock_cook_book.html#NiceStrictNaggy");
   NiceMock() : MockClass() {
     static_assert(sizeof(*this) == sizeof(MockClass),
                   "The impl subclass shouldn't introduce any padding");
@@ -176,12 +176,11 @@
 class GTEST_INTERNAL_EMPTY_BASE_CLASS NaggyMock
     : private internal::NaggyMockImpl<MockClass>,
       public MockClass {
-  static_assert(
-      !internal::HasStrictnessModifier<MockClass>(),
-      "Can't apply NaggyMock to a class hierarchy that already has a "
-      "strictness modifier. See "
-      "https://github.com/google/googletest/blob/master/googlemock/docs/"
-      "cook_book.md#the-nice-the-strict-and-the-naggy-nicestrictnaggy");
+  static_assert(!internal::HasStrictnessModifier<MockClass>(),
+                "Can't apply NaggyMock to a class hierarchy that already has a "
+                "strictness modifier. See "
+                "https://google.github.io/googletest/"
+                "gmock_cook_book.html#NiceStrictNaggy");
 
  public:
   NaggyMock() : MockClass() {
@@ -223,8 +222,8 @@
       !internal::HasStrictnessModifier<MockClass>(),
       "Can't apply StrictMock to a class hierarchy that already has a "
       "strictness modifier. See "
-      "https://github.com/google/googletest/blob/master/googlemock/docs/"
-      "cook_book.md#the-nice-the-strict-and-the-naggy-nicestrictnaggy");
+      "https://google.github.io/googletest/"
+      "gmock_cook_book.html#NiceStrictNaggy");
   StrictMock() : MockClass() {
     static_assert(sizeof(*this) == sizeof(MockClass),
                   "The impl subclass shouldn't introduce any padding");
@@ -259,4 +258,4 @@
 
 }  // namespace testing
 
-#endif  // GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_NICE_STRICT_H_
+#endif  // GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_NICE_STRICT_H_
diff --git a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-spec-builders.h b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-spec-builders.h
index d42d4cb..41323c1 100644
--- a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-spec-builders.h
+++ b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock-spec-builders.h
@@ -58,8 +58,8 @@
 
 // GOOGLETEST_CM0002 DO NOT DELETE
 
-#ifndef GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_SPEC_BUILDERS_H_
-#define GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_SPEC_BUILDERS_H_
+#ifndef GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_SPEC_BUILDERS_H_
+#define GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_SPEC_BUILDERS_H_
 
 #include <functional>
 #include <map>
@@ -1838,12 +1838,12 @@
 It makes use of MockFunction easier by allowing it to accept more F arguments
 than just function signatures.
 
-Specializations provided here cover only a signature type itself and
-std::function. However, if need be it can be easily extended to cover also other
-types (like for example boost::function).
+Specializations provided here cover a signature type itself and any template
+that can be parameterized with a signature, including std::function and
+boost::function.
 */
 
-template <typename F>
+template <typename F, typename = void>
 struct SignatureOf;
 
 template <typename R, typename... Args>
@@ -1851,8 +1851,10 @@
   using type = R(Args...);
 };
 
-template <typename F>
-struct SignatureOf<std::function<F>> : SignatureOf<F> {};
+template <template <typename> class C, typename F>
+struct SignatureOf<C<F>,
+                   typename std::enable_if<std::is_function<F>::value>::type>
+    : SignatureOf<F> {};
 
 template <typename F>
 using SignatureOfT = typename SignatureOf<F>::type;
@@ -2033,4 +2035,4 @@
 #define EXPECT_CALL(obj, call) \
   GMOCK_ON_CALL_IMPL_(obj, InternalExpectedAt, call)
 
-#endif  // GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_SPEC_BUILDERS_H_
+#endif  // GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_SPEC_BUILDERS_H_
diff --git a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock.h b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock.h
index 8a4acea..12469bc 100644
--- a/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock.h
+++ b/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock.h
@@ -34,8 +34,8 @@
 
 // GOOGLETEST_CM0002 DO NOT DELETE
 
-#ifndef GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_H_
-#define GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_H_
+#ifndef GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_H_
+#define GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_H_
 
 // This file implements the following syntax:
 //
@@ -59,8 +59,8 @@
 #include "gmock/gmock-actions.h"
 #include "gmock/gmock-cardinalities.h"
 #include "gmock/gmock-function-mocker.h"
-#include "gmock/gmock-generated-actions.h"
 #include "gmock/gmock-matchers.h"
+#include "gmock/gmock-more-actions.h"
 #include "gmock/gmock-more-matchers.h"
 #include "gmock/gmock-nice-strict.h"
 #include "gmock/internal/gmock-internal-utils.h"
@@ -95,4 +95,4 @@
 
 }  // namespace testing
 
-#endif  // GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_H_
+#endif  // GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_H_
diff --git a/googlemock/include/gmock/internal/custom/gmock-generated-actions.h b/googlemock/include/gmock/internal/custom/gmock-generated-actions.h
index 92d910c..63f8999 100644
--- a/googlemock/include/gmock/internal/custom/gmock-generated-actions.h
+++ b/googlemock/include/gmock/internal/custom/gmock-generated-actions.h
@@ -1,10 +1,6 @@
-// This file was GENERATED by command:
-//     pump.py gmock-generated-actions.h.pump
-// DO NOT EDIT BY HAND!!!
-
 // GOOGLETEST_CM0002 DO NOT DELETE
 
-#ifndef GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GMOCK_GENERATED_ACTIONS_H_
-#define GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GMOCK_GENERATED_ACTIONS_H_
+#ifndef GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GMOCK_GENERATED_ACTIONS_H_
+#define GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GMOCK_GENERATED_ACTIONS_H_
 
-#endif  // GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GMOCK_GENERATED_ACTIONS_H_
+#endif  // GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GMOCK_GENERATED_ACTIONS_H_
diff --git a/googlemock/include/gmock/internal/custom/gmock-generated-actions.h.pump b/googlemock/include/gmock/internal/custom/gmock-generated-actions.h.pump
deleted file mode 100644
index 67c221f..0000000
--- a/googlemock/include/gmock/internal/custom/gmock-generated-actions.h.pump
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
-$$ -*- mode: c++; -*-
-$$ This is a Pump source file. Please use Pump to convert
-$$ it to callback-actions.h.
-$$
-$var max_callback_arity = 5
-$$}} This meta comment fixes auto-indentation in editors.
-
-// GOOGLETEST_CM0002 DO NOT DELETE
-#ifndef GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GMOCK_GENERATED_ACTIONS_H_
-#define GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GMOCK_GENERATED_ACTIONS_H_
-
-#endif  // GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GMOCK_GENERATED_ACTIONS_H_
diff --git a/googlemock/include/gmock/internal/custom/gmock-matchers.h b/googlemock/include/gmock/internal/custom/gmock-matchers.h
index 14aafaa..6384294 100644
--- a/googlemock/include/gmock/internal/custom/gmock-matchers.h
+++ b/googlemock/include/gmock/internal/custom/gmock-matchers.h
@@ -31,6 +31,6 @@
 //
 // GOOGLETEST_CM0002 DO NOT DELETE
 
-#ifndef GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GMOCK_MATCHERS_H_
-#define GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GMOCK_MATCHERS_H_
-#endif  // GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GMOCK_MATCHERS_H_
+#ifndef GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GMOCK_MATCHERS_H_
+#define GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GMOCK_MATCHERS_H_
+#endif  // GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GMOCK_MATCHERS_H_
diff --git a/googlemock/include/gmock/internal/custom/gmock-port.h b/googlemock/include/gmock/internal/custom/gmock-port.h
index 0030fe9..1437869 100644
--- a/googlemock/include/gmock/internal/custom/gmock-port.h
+++ b/googlemock/include/gmock/internal/custom/gmock-port.h
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
 
 // GOOGLETEST_CM0002 DO NOT DELETE
 
-#ifndef GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GMOCK_PORT_H_
-#define GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GMOCK_PORT_H_
+#ifndef GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GMOCK_PORT_H_
+#define GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GMOCK_PORT_H_
 
-#endif  // GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GMOCK_PORT_H_
+#endif  // GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GMOCK_PORT_H_
diff --git a/googlemock/include/gmock/internal/gmock-internal-utils.h b/googlemock/include/gmock/internal/gmock-internal-utils.h
index 200c30e..317544a 100644
--- a/googlemock/include/gmock/internal/gmock-internal-utils.h
+++ b/googlemock/include/gmock/internal/gmock-internal-utils.h
@@ -36,8 +36,8 @@
 
 // GOOGLETEST_CM0002 DO NOT DELETE
 
-#ifndef GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_GMOCK_INTERNAL_UTILS_H_
-#define GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_GMOCK_INTERNAL_UTILS_H_
+#ifndef GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_GMOCK_INTERNAL_UTILS_H_
+#define GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_GMOCK_INTERNAL_UTILS_H_
 
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <ostream>  // NOLINT
@@ -456,4 +456,4 @@
 }  // namespace internal
 }  // namespace testing
 
-#endif  // GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_GMOCK_INTERNAL_UTILS_H_
+#endif  // GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_GMOCK_INTERNAL_UTILS_H_
diff --git a/googlemock/include/gmock/internal/gmock-port.h b/googlemock/include/gmock/internal/gmock-port.h
index 70872ef..367a44d 100644
--- a/googlemock/include/gmock/internal/gmock-port.h
+++ b/googlemock/include/gmock/internal/gmock-port.h
@@ -37,8 +37,8 @@
 
 // GOOGLETEST_CM0002 DO NOT DELETE
 
-#ifndef GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_GMOCK_PORT_H_
-#define GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_GMOCK_PORT_H_
+#ifndef GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_GMOCK_PORT_H_
+#define GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_GMOCK_PORT_H_
 
 #include <assert.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
@@ -84,4 +84,4 @@
 
 #endif  // !defined(GMOCK_DECLARE_bool_)
 
-#endif  // GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_GMOCK_PORT_H_
+#endif  // GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_GMOCK_PORT_H_
diff --git a/googlemock/include/gmock/internal/gmock-pp.h b/googlemock/include/gmock/internal/gmock-pp.h
index 23615c5..94d61c0 100644
--- a/googlemock/include/gmock/internal/gmock-pp.h
+++ b/googlemock/include/gmock/internal/gmock-pp.h
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-#ifndef THIRD_PARTY_GOOGLETEST_GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_PP_H_
-#define THIRD_PARTY_GOOGLETEST_GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_PP_H_
+#ifndef GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_GMOCK_PP_H_
+#define GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_GMOCK_PP_H_
 
 // Expands and concatenates the arguments. Constructed macros reevaluate.
 #define GMOCK_PP_CAT(_1, _2) GMOCK_PP_INTERNAL_CAT(_1, _2)
@@ -276,4 +276,4 @@
   GMOCK_PP_INTERNAL_FOR_EACH_IMPL_14(GMOCK_PP_INC(_i), _Macro, _Data,   \
                                      (GMOCK_PP_TAIL _Tuple))
 
-#endif  // THIRD_PARTY_GOOGLETEST_GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_GMOCK_PP_H_
+#endif  // GOOGLEMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_GMOCK_PP_H_
diff --git a/googlemock/scripts/fuse_gmock_files.py b/googlemock/scripts/fuse_gmock_files.py
index c3ba3b8..7fa9b3a 100755
--- a/googlemock/scripts/fuse_gmock_files.py
+++ b/googlemock/scripts/fuse_gmock_files.py
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@
 This tool is experimental.  In particular, it assumes that there is no
 conditional inclusion of Google Mock or Google Test headers.  Please
 report any problems to googlemock@googlegroups.com.  You can read
-https://github.com/google/googletest/blob/master/googlemock/docs/cook_book.md
+https://github.com/google/googletest/blob/master/docs/gmock_cook_book.md
 for more
 information.
 """
@@ -151,8 +151,7 @@
         else:
           m = gtest.INCLUDE_GTEST_FILE_REGEX.match(line)
           if m:
-            # '#include "third_party/googletest/googletest/
-            # include/gtest/foo.h"'.
+            # '#include "gtest/foo.h"'
             # We translate it to "gtest/gtest.h", regardless of what foo is,
             # since all gtest headers are fused into gtest/gtest.h.
 
@@ -188,11 +187,11 @@
       for line in fh:
         m = INCLUDE_GMOCK_FILE_REGEX.match(line)
         if m:
-          # '#include "gmock/foo.h"'.
+          # '#include "gmock/foo.h"'
           # We treat it as '#include  "gmock/gmock.h"', as all other gmock
           # headers are being fused into gmock.h and cannot be
-          # included directly.  No need to #include
-          # "third_party/googletest/googlemock/include/gmock/gmock.h"
+          # included directly.  No need to
+          # #include "gmock/gmock.h"
           # more than once.
 
           if GMOCK_H_SEED not in processed_files:
@@ -201,7 +200,7 @@
         else:
           m = gtest.INCLUDE_GTEST_FILE_REGEX.match(line)
           if m:
-            # '#include "gtest/..."'.
+            # '#include "gtest/..."'
             # There is no need to #include gtest.h as it has been
             # #included by gtest-all.cc.
 
diff --git a/googlemock/scripts/generator/cpp/ast.py b/googlemock/scripts/generator/cpp/ast.py
index db20de4..0e77016 100755
--- a/googlemock/scripts/generator/cpp/ast.py
+++ b/googlemock/scripts/generator/cpp/ast.py
@@ -336,7 +336,7 @@
     # TODO(nnorwitz): handle namespaces, etc.
     if self.bases:
       for token_list in self.bases:
-        # TODO(nnorwitz): bases are tokens, do name comparision.
+        # TODO(nnorwitz): bases are tokens, do name comparison.
         for token in token_list:
           if token.name == node.name:
             return True
@@ -379,7 +379,7 @@
 
   def Requires(self, node):
     if self.parameters:
-      # TODO(nnorwitz): parameters are tokens, do name comparision.
+      # TODO(nnorwitz): parameters are tokens, do name comparison.
       for p in self.parameters:
         if p.name == node.name:
           return True
@@ -895,7 +895,7 @@
         nesting -= 1
     return tokens, last_token
 
-  # TODO(nnorwitz): remove _IgnoreUpTo() it shouldn't be necesary.
+  # TODO(nnorwitz): remove _IgnoreUpTo() it shouldn't be necessary.
   def _IgnoreUpTo(self, token_type, token):
     unused_tokens = self._GetTokensUpTo(token_type, token)
 
diff --git a/googlemock/scripts/generator/cpp/gmock_class.py b/googlemock/scripts/generator/cpp/gmock_class.py
index c4d2793..3e21022 100755
--- a/googlemock/scripts/generator/cpp/gmock_class.py
+++ b/googlemock/scripts/generator/cpp/gmock_class.py
@@ -132,7 +132,8 @@
       args = []
       for p in node.parameters:
         arg = _GenerateArg(source[p.start:p.end])
-        args.append(_EscapeForMacro(arg))
+        if arg != 'void':
+          args.append(_EscapeForMacro(arg))
 
       # Create the mock method definition.
       output_lines.extend([
diff --git a/googlemock/scripts/generator/cpp/gmock_class_test.py b/googlemock/scripts/generator/cpp/gmock_class_test.py
index 7d5e2f1..eff475f 100755
--- a/googlemock/scripts/generator/cpp/gmock_class_test.py
+++ b/googlemock/scripts/generator/cpp/gmock_class_test.py
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@
 };
 """
     self.assertEqualIgnoreLeadingWhitespace(
-        'MOCK_METHOD(int, Bar, (void), (override));',
+        'MOCK_METHOD(int, Bar, (), (override));',
         self.GenerateMethodSource(source))
 
   def testStrangeNewlineInParameter(self):
diff --git a/googlemock/scripts/pump.py b/googlemock/scripts/pump.py
deleted file mode 100755
index 5523a19..0000000
--- a/googlemock/scripts/pump.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,856 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python
-#
-# Copyright 2008, Google Inc.
-# All rights reserved.
-#
-# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
-# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
-# met:
-#
-#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
-# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
-#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
-# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
-# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
-# distribution.
-#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
-# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
-# this software without specific prior written permission.
-#
-# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
-# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
-# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
-# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
-# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
-# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
-# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
-# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
-# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
-# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
-# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
-
-"""pump v0.2.0 - Pretty Useful for Meta Programming.
-
-A tool for preprocessor meta programming.  Useful for generating
-repetitive boilerplate code.  Especially useful for writing C++
-classes, functions, macros, and templates that need to work with
-various number of arguments.
-
-USAGE:
-       pump.py SOURCE_FILE
-
-EXAMPLES:
-       pump.py foo.cc.pump
-         Converts foo.cc.pump to foo.cc.
-
-GRAMMAR:
-       CODE ::= ATOMIC_CODE*
-       ATOMIC_CODE ::= $var ID = EXPRESSION
-           | $var ID = [[ CODE ]]
-           | $range ID EXPRESSION..EXPRESSION
-           | $for ID SEPARATOR [[ CODE ]]
-           | $($)
-           | $ID
-           | $(EXPRESSION)
-           | $if EXPRESSION [[ CODE ]] ELSE_BRANCH
-           | [[ CODE ]]
-           | RAW_CODE
-       SEPARATOR ::= RAW_CODE | EMPTY
-       ELSE_BRANCH ::= $else [[ CODE ]]
-           | $elif EXPRESSION [[ CODE ]] ELSE_BRANCH
-           | EMPTY
-       EXPRESSION has Python syntax.
-"""
-
-from __future__ import print_function
-
-import io
-import os
-import re
-import sys
-
-
-TOKEN_TABLE = [
-    (re.compile(r'\$var\s+'), '$var'),
-    (re.compile(r'\$elif\s+'), '$elif'),
-    (re.compile(r'\$else\s+'), '$else'),
-    (re.compile(r'\$for\s+'), '$for'),
-    (re.compile(r'\$if\s+'), '$if'),
-    (re.compile(r'\$range\s+'), '$range'),
-    (re.compile(r'\$[_A-Za-z]\w*'), '$id'),
-    (re.compile(r'\$\(\$\)'), '$($)'),
-    (re.compile(r'\$'), '$'),
-    (re.compile(r'\[\[\n?'), '[['),
-    (re.compile(r'\]\]\n?'), ']]'),
-    ]
-
-
-class Cursor:
-  """Represents a position (line and column) in a text file."""
-
-  def __init__(self, line=-1, column=-1):
-    self.line = line
-    self.column = column
-
-  def __eq__(self, rhs):
-    return self.line == rhs.line and self.column == rhs.column
-
-  def __ne__(self, rhs):
-    return not self == rhs
-
-  def __lt__(self, rhs):
-    return self.line < rhs.line or (
-        self.line == rhs.line and self.column < rhs.column)
-
-  def __le__(self, rhs):
-    return self < rhs or self == rhs
-
-  def __gt__(self, rhs):
-    return rhs < self
-
-  def __ge__(self, rhs):
-    return rhs <= self
-
-  def __str__(self):
-    if self == Eof():
-      return 'EOF'
-    else:
-      return '%s(%s)' % (self.line + 1, self.column)
-
-  def __add__(self, offset):
-    return Cursor(self.line, self.column + offset)
-
-  def __sub__(self, offset):
-    return Cursor(self.line, self.column - offset)
-
-  def Clone(self):
-    """Returns a copy of self."""
-
-    return Cursor(self.line, self.column)
-
-
-# Special cursor to indicate the end-of-file.
-def Eof():
-  """Returns the special cursor to denote the end-of-file."""
-  return Cursor(-1, -1)
-
-
-class Token:
-  """Represents a token in a Pump source file."""
-
-  def __init__(self, start=None, end=None, value=None, token_type=None):
-    if start is None:
-      self.start = Eof()
-    else:
-      self.start = start
-    if end is None:
-      self.end = Eof()
-    else:
-      self.end = end
-    self.value = value
-    self.token_type = token_type
-
-  def __str__(self):
-    return 'Token @%s: \'%s\' type=%s' % (
-        self.start, self.value, self.token_type)
-
-  def Clone(self):
-    """Returns a copy of self."""
-
-    return Token(self.start.Clone(), self.end.Clone(), self.value,
-                 self.token_type)
-
-
-def StartsWith(lines, pos, string):
-  """Returns True iff the given position in lines starts with 'string'."""
-
-  return lines[pos.line][pos.column:].startswith(string)
-
-
-def FindFirstInLine(line, token_table):
-  best_match_start = -1
-  for (regex, token_type) in token_table:
-    m = regex.search(line)
-    if m:
-      # We found regex in lines
-      if best_match_start < 0 or m.start() < best_match_start:
-        best_match_start = m.start()
-        best_match_length = m.end() - m.start()
-        best_match_token_type = token_type
-
-  if best_match_start < 0:
-    return None
-
-  return (best_match_start, best_match_length, best_match_token_type)
-
-
-def FindFirst(lines, token_table, cursor):
-  """Finds the first occurrence of any string in strings in lines."""
-
-  start = cursor.Clone()
-  cur_line_number = cursor.line
-  for line in lines[start.line:]:
-    if cur_line_number == start.line:
-      line = line[start.column:]
-    m = FindFirstInLine(line, token_table)
-    if m:
-      # We found a regex in line.
-      (start_column, length, token_type) = m
-      if cur_line_number == start.line:
-        start_column += start.column
-      found_start = Cursor(cur_line_number, start_column)
-      found_end = found_start + length
-      return MakeToken(lines, found_start, found_end, token_type)
-    cur_line_number += 1
-  # We failed to find str in lines
-  return None
-
-
-def SubString(lines, start, end):
-  """Returns a substring in lines."""
-
-  if end == Eof():
-    end = Cursor(len(lines) - 1, len(lines[-1]))
-
-  if start >= end:
-    return ''
-
-  if start.line == end.line:
-    return lines[start.line][start.column:end.column]
-
-  result_lines = ([lines[start.line][start.column:]] +
-                  lines[start.line + 1:end.line] +
-                  [lines[end.line][:end.column]])
-  return ''.join(result_lines)
-
-
-def StripMetaComments(str):
-  """Strip meta comments from each line in the given string."""
-
-  # First, completely remove lines containing nothing but a meta
-  # comment, including the trailing \n.
-  str = re.sub(r'^\s*\$\$.*\n', '', str)
-
-  # Then, remove meta comments from contentful lines.
-  return re.sub(r'\s*\$\$.*', '', str)
-
-
-def MakeToken(lines, start, end, token_type):
-  """Creates a new instance of Token."""
-
-  return Token(start, end, SubString(lines, start, end), token_type)
-
-
-def ParseToken(lines, pos, regex, token_type):
-  line = lines[pos.line][pos.column:]
-  m = regex.search(line)
-  if m and not m.start():
-    return MakeToken(lines, pos, pos + m.end(), token_type)
-  else:
-    print('ERROR: %s expected at %s.' % (token_type, pos))
-    sys.exit(1)
-
-
-ID_REGEX = re.compile(r'[_A-Za-z]\w*')
-EQ_REGEX = re.compile(r'=')
-REST_OF_LINE_REGEX = re.compile(r'.*?(?=$|\$\$)')
-OPTIONAL_WHITE_SPACES_REGEX = re.compile(r'\s*')
-WHITE_SPACE_REGEX = re.compile(r'\s')
-DOT_DOT_REGEX = re.compile(r'\.\.')
-
-
-def Skip(lines, pos, regex):
-  line = lines[pos.line][pos.column:]
-  m = re.search(regex, line)
-  if m and not m.start():
-    return pos + m.end()
-  else:
-    return pos
-
-
-def SkipUntil(lines, pos, regex, token_type):
-  line = lines[pos.line][pos.column:]
-  m = re.search(regex, line)
-  if m:
-    return pos + m.start()
-  else:
-    print ('ERROR: %s expected on line %s after column %s.' %
-           (token_type, pos.line + 1, pos.column))
-    sys.exit(1)
-
-
-def ParseExpTokenInParens(lines, pos):
-  def ParseInParens(pos):
-    pos = Skip(lines, pos, OPTIONAL_WHITE_SPACES_REGEX)
-    pos = Skip(lines, pos, r'\(')
-    pos = Parse(pos)
-    pos = Skip(lines, pos, r'\)')
-    return pos
-
-  def Parse(pos):
-    pos = SkipUntil(lines, pos, r'\(|\)', ')')
-    if SubString(lines, pos, pos + 1) == '(':
-      pos = Parse(pos + 1)
-      pos = Skip(lines, pos, r'\)')
-      return Parse(pos)
-    else:
-      return pos
-
-  start = pos.Clone()
-  pos = ParseInParens(pos)
-  return MakeToken(lines, start, pos, 'exp')
-
-
-def RStripNewLineFromToken(token):
-  if token.value.endswith('\n'):
-    return Token(token.start, token.end, token.value[:-1], token.token_type)
-  else:
-    return token
-
-
-def TokenizeLines(lines, pos):
-  while True:
-    found = FindFirst(lines, TOKEN_TABLE, pos)
-    if not found:
-      yield MakeToken(lines, pos, Eof(), 'code')
-      return
-
-    if found.start == pos:
-      prev_token = None
-      prev_token_rstripped = None
-    else:
-      prev_token = MakeToken(lines, pos, found.start, 'code')
-      prev_token_rstripped = RStripNewLineFromToken(prev_token)
-
-    if found.token_type == '$var':
-      if prev_token_rstripped:
-        yield prev_token_rstripped
-      yield found
-      id_token = ParseToken(lines, found.end, ID_REGEX, 'id')
-      yield id_token
-      pos = Skip(lines, id_token.end, OPTIONAL_WHITE_SPACES_REGEX)
-
-      eq_token = ParseToken(lines, pos, EQ_REGEX, '=')
-      yield eq_token
-      pos = Skip(lines, eq_token.end, r'\s*')
-
-      if SubString(lines, pos, pos + 2) != '[[':
-        exp_token = ParseToken(lines, pos, REST_OF_LINE_REGEX, 'exp')
-        yield exp_token
-        pos = Cursor(exp_token.end.line + 1, 0)
-    elif found.token_type == '$for':
-      if prev_token_rstripped:
-        yield prev_token_rstripped
-      yield found
-      id_token = ParseToken(lines, found.end, ID_REGEX, 'id')
-      yield id_token
-      pos = Skip(lines, id_token.end, WHITE_SPACE_REGEX)
-    elif found.token_type == '$range':
-      if prev_token_rstripped:
-        yield prev_token_rstripped
-      yield found
-      id_token = ParseToken(lines, found.end, ID_REGEX, 'id')
-      yield id_token
-      pos = Skip(lines, id_token.end, OPTIONAL_WHITE_SPACES_REGEX)
-
-      dots_pos = SkipUntil(lines, pos, DOT_DOT_REGEX, '..')
-      yield MakeToken(lines, pos, dots_pos, 'exp')
-      yield MakeToken(lines, dots_pos, dots_pos + 2, '..')
-      pos = dots_pos + 2
-      new_pos = Cursor(pos.line + 1, 0)
-      yield MakeToken(lines, pos, new_pos, 'exp')
-      pos = new_pos
-    elif found.token_type == '$':
-      if prev_token:
-        yield prev_token
-      yield found
-      exp_token = ParseExpTokenInParens(lines, found.end)
-      yield exp_token
-      pos = exp_token.end
-    elif (found.token_type == ']]' or found.token_type == '$if' or
-          found.token_type == '$elif' or found.token_type == '$else'):
-      if prev_token_rstripped:
-        yield prev_token_rstripped
-      yield found
-      pos = found.end
-    else:
-      if prev_token:
-        yield prev_token
-      yield found
-      pos = found.end
-
-
-def Tokenize(s):
-  """A generator that yields the tokens in the given string."""
-  if s != '':
-    lines = s.splitlines(True)
-    for token in TokenizeLines(lines, Cursor(0, 0)):
-      yield token
-
-
-class CodeNode:
-  def __init__(self, atomic_code_list=None):
-    self.atomic_code = atomic_code_list
-
-
-class VarNode:
-  def __init__(self, identifier=None, atomic_code=None):
-    self.identifier = identifier
-    self.atomic_code = atomic_code
-
-
-class RangeNode:
-  def __init__(self, identifier=None, exp1=None, exp2=None):
-    self.identifier = identifier
-    self.exp1 = exp1
-    self.exp2 = exp2
-
-
-class ForNode:
-  def __init__(self, identifier=None, sep=None, code=None):
-    self.identifier = identifier
-    self.sep = sep
-    self.code = code
-
-
-class ElseNode:
-  def __init__(self, else_branch=None):
-    self.else_branch = else_branch
-
-
-class IfNode:
-  def __init__(self, exp=None, then_branch=None, else_branch=None):
-    self.exp = exp
-    self.then_branch = then_branch
-    self.else_branch = else_branch
-
-
-class RawCodeNode:
-  def __init__(self, token=None):
-    self.raw_code = token
-
-
-class LiteralDollarNode:
-  def __init__(self, token):
-    self.token = token
-
-
-class ExpNode:
-  def __init__(self, token, python_exp):
-    self.token = token
-    self.python_exp = python_exp
-
-
-def PopFront(a_list):
-  head = a_list[0]
-  a_list[:1] = []
-  return head
-
-
-def PushFront(a_list, elem):
-  a_list[:0] = [elem]
-
-
-def PopToken(a_list, token_type=None):
-  token = PopFront(a_list)
-  if token_type is not None and token.token_type != token_type:
-    print('ERROR: %s expected at %s' % (token_type, token.start))
-    print('ERROR: %s found instead' % (token,))
-    sys.exit(1)
-
-  return token
-
-
-def PeekToken(a_list):
-  if not a_list:
-    return None
-
-  return a_list[0]
-
-
-def ParseExpNode(token):
-  python_exp = re.sub(r'([_A-Za-z]\w*)', r'self.GetValue("\1")', token.value)
-  return ExpNode(token, python_exp)
-
-
-def ParseElseNode(tokens):
-  def Pop(token_type=None):
-    return PopToken(tokens, token_type)
-
-  next = PeekToken(tokens)
-  if not next:
-    return None
-  if next.token_type == '$else':
-    Pop('$else')
-    Pop('[[')
-    code_node = ParseCodeNode(tokens)
-    Pop(']]')
-    return code_node
-  elif next.token_type == '$elif':
-    Pop('$elif')
-    exp = Pop('code')
-    Pop('[[')
-    code_node = ParseCodeNode(tokens)
-    Pop(']]')
-    inner_else_node = ParseElseNode(tokens)
-    return CodeNode([IfNode(ParseExpNode(exp), code_node, inner_else_node)])
-  elif not next.value.strip():
-    Pop('code')
-    return ParseElseNode(tokens)
-  else:
-    return None
-
-
-def ParseAtomicCodeNode(tokens):
-  def Pop(token_type=None):
-    return PopToken(tokens, token_type)
-
-  head = PopFront(tokens)
-  t = head.token_type
-  if t == 'code':
-    return RawCodeNode(head)
-  elif t == '$var':
-    id_token = Pop('id')
-    Pop('=')
-    next = PeekToken(tokens)
-    if next.token_type == 'exp':
-      exp_token = Pop()
-      return VarNode(id_token, ParseExpNode(exp_token))
-    Pop('[[')
-    code_node = ParseCodeNode(tokens)
-    Pop(']]')
-    return VarNode(id_token, code_node)
-  elif t == '$for':
-    id_token = Pop('id')
-    next_token = PeekToken(tokens)
-    if next_token.token_type == 'code':
-      sep_token = next_token
-      Pop('code')
-    else:
-      sep_token = None
-    Pop('[[')
-    code_node = ParseCodeNode(tokens)
-    Pop(']]')
-    return ForNode(id_token, sep_token, code_node)
-  elif t == '$if':
-    exp_token = Pop('code')
-    Pop('[[')
-    code_node = ParseCodeNode(tokens)
-    Pop(']]')
-    else_node = ParseElseNode(tokens)
-    return IfNode(ParseExpNode(exp_token), code_node, else_node)
-  elif t == '$range':
-    id_token = Pop('id')
-    exp1_token = Pop('exp')
-    Pop('..')
-    exp2_token = Pop('exp')
-    return RangeNode(id_token, ParseExpNode(exp1_token),
-                     ParseExpNode(exp2_token))
-  elif t == '$id':
-    return ParseExpNode(Token(head.start + 1, head.end, head.value[1:], 'id'))
-  elif t == '$($)':
-    return LiteralDollarNode(head)
-  elif t == '$':
-    exp_token = Pop('exp')
-    return ParseExpNode(exp_token)
-  elif t == '[[':
-    code_node = ParseCodeNode(tokens)
-    Pop(']]')
-    return code_node
-  else:
-    PushFront(tokens, head)
-    return None
-
-
-def ParseCodeNode(tokens):
-  atomic_code_list = []
-  while True:
-    if not tokens:
-      break
-    atomic_code_node = ParseAtomicCodeNode(tokens)
-    if atomic_code_node:
-      atomic_code_list.append(atomic_code_node)
-    else:
-      break
-  return CodeNode(atomic_code_list)
-
-
-def ParseToAST(pump_src_text):
-  """Convert the given Pump source text into an AST."""
-  tokens = list(Tokenize(pump_src_text))
-  code_node = ParseCodeNode(tokens)
-  return code_node
-
-
-class Env:
-  def __init__(self):
-    self.variables = []
-    self.ranges = []
-
-  def Clone(self):
-    clone = Env()
-    clone.variables = self.variables[:]
-    clone.ranges = self.ranges[:]
-    return clone
-
-  def PushVariable(self, var, value):
-    # If value looks like an int, store it as an int.
-    try:
-      int_value = int(value)
-      if ('%s' % int_value) == value:
-        value = int_value
-    except Exception:
-      pass
-    self.variables[:0] = [(var, value)]
-
-  def PopVariable(self):
-    self.variables[:1] = []
-
-  def PushRange(self, var, lower, upper):
-    self.ranges[:0] = [(var, lower, upper)]
-
-  def PopRange(self):
-    self.ranges[:1] = []
-
-  def GetValue(self, identifier):
-    for (var, value) in self.variables:
-      if identifier == var:
-        return value
-
-    print('ERROR: meta variable %s is undefined.' % (identifier,))
-    sys.exit(1)
-
-  def EvalExp(self, exp):
-    try:
-      result = eval(exp.python_exp)
-    except Exception as e:  # pylint: disable=broad-except
-      print('ERROR: caught exception %s: %s' % (e.__class__.__name__, e))
-      print('ERROR: failed to evaluate meta expression %s at %s' %
-            (exp.python_exp, exp.token.start))
-      sys.exit(1)
-    return result
-
-  def GetRange(self, identifier):
-    for (var, lower, upper) in self.ranges:
-      if identifier == var:
-        return (lower, upper)
-
-    print('ERROR: range %s is undefined.' % (identifier,))
-    sys.exit(1)
-
-
-class Output:
-  def __init__(self):
-    self.string = ''
-
-  def GetLastLine(self):
-    index = self.string.rfind('\n')
-    if index < 0:
-      return ''
-
-    return self.string[index + 1:]
-
-  def Append(self, s):
-    self.string += s
-
-
-def RunAtomicCode(env, node, output):
-  if isinstance(node, VarNode):
-    identifier = node.identifier.value.strip()
-    result = Output()
-    RunAtomicCode(env.Clone(), node.atomic_code, result)
-    value = result.string
-    env.PushVariable(identifier, value)
-  elif isinstance(node, RangeNode):
-    identifier = node.identifier.value.strip()
-    lower = int(env.EvalExp(node.exp1))
-    upper = int(env.EvalExp(node.exp2))
-    env.PushRange(identifier, lower, upper)
-  elif isinstance(node, ForNode):
-    identifier = node.identifier.value.strip()
-    if node.sep is None:
-      sep = ''
-    else:
-      sep = node.sep.value
-    (lower, upper) = env.GetRange(identifier)
-    for i in range(lower, upper + 1):
-      new_env = env.Clone()
-      new_env.PushVariable(identifier, i)
-      RunCode(new_env, node.code, output)
-      if i != upper:
-        output.Append(sep)
-  elif isinstance(node, RawCodeNode):
-    output.Append(node.raw_code.value)
-  elif isinstance(node, IfNode):
-    cond = env.EvalExp(node.exp)
-    if cond:
-      RunCode(env.Clone(), node.then_branch, output)
-    elif node.else_branch is not None:
-      RunCode(env.Clone(), node.else_branch, output)
-  elif isinstance(node, ExpNode):
-    value = env.EvalExp(node)
-    output.Append('%s' % (value,))
-  elif isinstance(node, LiteralDollarNode):
-    output.Append('$')
-  elif isinstance(node, CodeNode):
-    RunCode(env.Clone(), node, output)
-  else:
-    print('BAD')
-    print(node)
-    sys.exit(1)
-
-
-def RunCode(env, code_node, output):
-  for atomic_code in code_node.atomic_code:
-    RunAtomicCode(env, atomic_code, output)
-
-
-def IsSingleLineComment(cur_line):
-  return '//' in cur_line
-
-
-def IsInPreprocessorDirective(prev_lines, cur_line):
-  if cur_line.lstrip().startswith('#'):
-    return True
-  return prev_lines and prev_lines[-1].endswith('\\')
-
-
-def WrapComment(line, output):
-  loc = line.find('//')
-  before_comment = line[:loc].rstrip()
-  if before_comment == '':
-    indent = loc
-  else:
-    output.append(before_comment)
-    indent = len(before_comment) - len(before_comment.lstrip())
-  prefix = indent*' ' + '// '
-  max_len = 80 - len(prefix)
-  comment = line[loc + 2:].strip()
-  segs = [seg for seg in re.split(r'(\w+\W*)', comment) if seg != '']
-  cur_line = ''
-  for seg in segs:
-    if len((cur_line + seg).rstrip()) < max_len:
-      cur_line += seg
-    else:
-      if cur_line.strip() != '':
-        output.append(prefix + cur_line.rstrip())
-      cur_line = seg.lstrip()
-  if cur_line.strip() != '':
-    output.append(prefix + cur_line.strip())
-
-
-def WrapCode(line, line_concat, output):
-  indent = len(line) - len(line.lstrip())
-  prefix = indent*' '  # Prefix of the current line
-  max_len = 80 - indent - len(line_concat)  # Maximum length of the current line
-  new_prefix = prefix + 4*' '  # Prefix of a continuation line
-  new_max_len = max_len - 4  # Maximum length of a continuation line
-  # Prefers to wrap a line after a ',' or ';'.
-  segs = [seg for seg in re.split(r'([^,;]+[,;]?)', line.strip()) if seg != '']
-  cur_line = ''  # The current line without leading spaces.
-  for seg in segs:
-    # If the line is still too long, wrap at a space.
-    while cur_line == '' and len(seg.strip()) > max_len:
-      seg = seg.lstrip()
-      split_at = seg.rfind(' ', 0, max_len)
-      output.append(prefix + seg[:split_at].strip() + line_concat)
-      seg = seg[split_at + 1:]
-      prefix = new_prefix
-      max_len = new_max_len
-
-    if len((cur_line + seg).rstrip()) < max_len:
-      cur_line = (cur_line + seg).lstrip()
-    else:
-      output.append(prefix + cur_line.rstrip() + line_concat)
-      prefix = new_prefix
-      max_len = new_max_len
-      cur_line = seg.lstrip()
-  if cur_line.strip() != '':
-    output.append(prefix + cur_line.strip())
-
-
-def WrapPreprocessorDirective(line, output):
-  WrapCode(line, ' \\', output)
-
-
-def WrapPlainCode(line, output):
-  WrapCode(line, '', output)
-
-
-def IsMultiLineIWYUPragma(line):
-  return re.search(r'/\* IWYU pragma: ', line)
-
-
-def IsHeaderGuardIncludeOrOneLineIWYUPragma(line):
-  return (re.match(r'^#(ifndef|define|endif\s*//)\s*[\w_]+\s*$', line) or
-          re.match(r'^#include\s', line) or
-          # Don't break IWYU pragmas, either; that causes iwyu.py problems.
-          re.search(r'// IWYU pragma: ', line))
-
-
-def WrapLongLine(line, output):
-  line = line.rstrip()
-  if len(line) <= 80:
-    output.append(line)
-  elif IsSingleLineComment(line):
-    if IsHeaderGuardIncludeOrOneLineIWYUPragma(line):
-      # The style guide made an exception to allow long header guard lines,
-      # includes and IWYU pragmas.
-      output.append(line)
-    else:
-      WrapComment(line, output)
-  elif IsInPreprocessorDirective(output, line):
-    if IsHeaderGuardIncludeOrOneLineIWYUPragma(line):
-      # The style guide made an exception to allow long header guard lines,
-      # includes and IWYU pragmas.
-      output.append(line)
-    else:
-      WrapPreprocessorDirective(line, output)
-  elif IsMultiLineIWYUPragma(line):
-    output.append(line)
-  else:
-    WrapPlainCode(line, output)
-
-
-def BeautifyCode(string):
-  lines = string.splitlines()
-  output = []
-  for line in lines:
-    WrapLongLine(line, output)
-  output2 = [line.rstrip() for line in output]
-  return '\n'.join(output2) + '\n'
-
-
-def ConvertFromPumpSource(src_text):
-  """Return the text generated from the given Pump source text."""
-  ast = ParseToAST(StripMetaComments(src_text))
-  output = Output()
-  RunCode(Env(), ast, output)
-  return BeautifyCode(output.string)
-
-
-def main(argv):
-  if len(argv) == 1:
-    print(__doc__)
-    sys.exit(1)
-
-  file_path = argv[-1]
-  output_str = ConvertFromPumpSource(io.open(file_path, 'r').read())
-  if file_path.endswith('.pump'):
-    output_file_path = file_path[:-5]
-  else:
-    output_file_path = '-'
-  if output_file_path == '-':
-    print(output_str,)
-  else:
-    output_file = io.open(output_file_path, 'w')
-    output_file.write(u'// This file was GENERATED by command:\n')
-    output_file.write(u'//     %s %s\n' %
-                      (os.path.basename(__file__), os.path.basename(file_path)))
-    output_file.write(u'// DO NOT EDIT BY HAND!!!\n\n')
-    output_file.write(output_str)
-    output_file.close()
-
-
-if __name__ == '__main__':
-  main(sys.argv)
diff --git a/googlemock/src/gmock-spec-builders.cc b/googlemock/src/gmock-spec-builders.cc
index 05a50f6..c7266a3 100644
--- a/googlemock/src/gmock-spec-builders.cc
+++ b/googlemock/src/gmock-spec-builders.cc
@@ -295,8 +295,8 @@
               "call should not happen.  Do not suppress it by blindly adding "
               "an EXPECT_CALL() if you don't mean to enforce the call.  "
               "See "
-              "https://github.com/google/googletest/blob/master/googlemock/"
-              "docs/cook_book.md#"
+              "https://github.com/google/googletest/blob/master/docs/"
+              "gmock_cook_book.md#"
               "knowing-when-to-expect for details.\n",
           stack_frames_to_skip);
       break;
diff --git a/googlemock/test/BUILD.bazel b/googlemock/test/BUILD.bazel
index ee75f27..efb7306 100644
--- a/googlemock/test/BUILD.bazel
+++ b/googlemock/test/BUILD.bazel
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@
     srcs = ["gmock_test_utils.py"],
     deps = [
         "//googletest/test:gtest_test_utils",
-    ]
+    ],
 )
 
 cc_binary(
@@ -103,12 +103,11 @@
         ":gmock_output_test_",
         ":gmock_output_test_golden.txt",
     ],
-    python_version = "PY2",
-    deps = [":gmock_test_utils"],
     tags = [
         "no_test_msvc2015",
         "no_test_msvc2017",
     ],
+    deps = [":gmock_test_utils"],
 )
 
 cc_test(
diff --git a/googlemock/test/gmock-actions_test.cc b/googlemock/test/gmock-actions_test.cc
index 1838728..e1ca7fe 100644
--- a/googlemock/test/gmock-actions_test.cc
+++ b/googlemock/test/gmock-actions_test.cc
@@ -795,7 +795,7 @@
 }
 
 // Tests that DoDefault() returns the default value set by
-// DefaultValue<T>::Set() when it's not overriden by an ON_CALL().
+// DefaultValue<T>::Set() when it's not overridden by an ON_CALL().
 TEST(DoDefaultTest, ReturnsUserSpecifiedPerTypeDefaultValueWhenThereIsOne) {
   DefaultValue<int>::Set(1);
   MockClass mock;
diff --git a/googlemock/test/gmock-function-mocker_nc.cc b/googlemock/test/gmock-function-mocker_nc.cc
deleted file mode 100644
index d38fe85..0000000
--- a/googlemock/test/gmock-function-mocker_nc.cc
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-#include "gmock/gmock.h"
-
-#include <memory>
-#include <string>
-
-#if defined(TEST_MOCK_METHOD_INVALID_CONST_SPEC)
-
-struct Base {
-  MOCK_METHOD(int, F, (), (onst));
-};
-
-#else
-
-// Sanity check - this should compile.
-
-#endif
diff --git a/googlemock/test/gmock-function-mocker_nc_test.py b/googlemock/test/gmock-function-mocker_nc_test.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 8ef6e09..0000000
--- a/googlemock/test/gmock-function-mocker_nc_test.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,43 +0,0 @@
-"""Negative compilation tests for Google Mock macro MOCK_METHOD."""
-
-import os
-import sys
-
-IS_LINUX = os.name == "posix" and os.uname()[0] == "Linux"
-if not IS_LINUX:
-  sys.stderr.write(
-      "WARNING: Negative compilation tests are not supported on this platform")
-  sys.exit(0)
-
-# Suppresses the 'Import not at the top of the file' lint complaint.
-# pylint: disable-msg=C6204
-from google3.testing.pybase import fake_target_util
-from google3.testing.pybase import googletest
-
-# pylint: enable-msg=C6204
-
-
-class GMockMethodNCTest(googletest.TestCase):
-  """Negative compilation tests for MOCK_METHOD."""
-
-  # The class body is intentionally empty.  The actual test*() methods
-  # will be defined at run time by a call to
-  # DefineNegativeCompilationTests() later.
-  pass
-
-
-# Defines a list of test specs, where each element is a tuple
-# (test name, list of regexes for matching the compiler errors).
-TEST_SPECS = [
-    ("MOCK_METHOD_INVALID_CONST_SPEC",
-     [r"onst cannot be recognized as a valid specification modifier"]),
-]
-
-# Define a test method in GMockNCTest for each element in TEST_SPECS.
-fake_target_util.DefineNegativeCompilationTests(
-    GMockMethodNCTest,
-    "google3/third_party/googletest/googlemock/test/gmock-function-mocker_nc",
-    "gmock-function-mocker_nc.o", TEST_SPECS)
-
-if __name__ == "__main__":
-  googletest.main()
diff --git a/googlemock/test/gmock-function-mocker_test.cc b/googlemock/test/gmock-function-mocker_test.cc
index 45a524e..cf76fa9 100644
--- a/googlemock/test/gmock-function-mocker_test.cc
+++ b/googlemock/test/gmock-function-mocker_test.cc
@@ -849,7 +849,7 @@
 
 template <typename Expected, typename F>
 static constexpr bool IsMockFunctionTemplateArgumentDeducedTo(
-    const MockFunction<F>&) {
+    const internal::MockFunction<F>&) {
   return std::is_same<F, Expected>::value;
 }
 
@@ -868,14 +868,14 @@
            IsMockFunctionTemplateArgumentDeducedForRawSignature) {
   using Argument = TypeParam;
   MockFunction<Argument> foo;
-  EXPECT_TRUE(IsMockFunctionTemplateArgumentDeducedTo<Argument>(foo));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(IsMockFunctionTemplateArgumentDeducedTo<TypeParam>(foo));
 }
 
 TYPED_TEST(MockMethodMockFunctionSignatureTest,
            IsMockFunctionTemplateArgumentDeducedForStdFunction) {
   using Argument = std::function<TypeParam>;
   MockFunction<Argument> foo;
-  EXPECT_TRUE(IsMockFunctionTemplateArgumentDeducedTo<Argument>(foo));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(IsMockFunctionTemplateArgumentDeducedTo<TypeParam>(foo));
 }
 
 TYPED_TEST(
@@ -887,15 +887,27 @@
   EXPECT_TRUE((std::is_same<ForRawSignature, ForStdFunction>::value));
 }
 
+template <typename F>
+struct AlternateCallable {
+};
+
+TYPED_TEST(MockMethodMockFunctionSignatureTest,
+           IsMockFunctionTemplateArgumentDeducedForAlternateCallable) {
+  using Argument = AlternateCallable<TypeParam>;
+  MockFunction<Argument> foo;
+  EXPECT_TRUE(IsMockFunctionTemplateArgumentDeducedTo<TypeParam>(foo));
+}
+
 TYPED_TEST(
     MockMethodMockFunctionSignatureTest,
-    IsMockFunctionAsStdFunctionMethodSignatureTheSameForRawSignatureAndStdFunction) {
-  using ForRawSignature = decltype(&MockFunction<TypeParam>::AsStdFunction);
+    IsMockFunctionCallMethodSignatureTheSameForAlternateCallable) {
+  using ForRawSignature = decltype(&MockFunction<TypeParam>::Call);
   using ForStdFunction =
-      decltype(&MockFunction<std::function<TypeParam>>::AsStdFunction);
+      decltype(&MockFunction<std::function<TypeParam>>::Call);
   EXPECT_TRUE((std::is_same<ForRawSignature, ForStdFunction>::value));
 }
 
+
 struct MockMethodSizes0 {
   MOCK_METHOD(void, func, ());
 };
diff --git a/googlemock/test/gmock-generated-actions_test.cc b/googlemock/test/gmock-generated-actions_test.cc
deleted file mode 100644
index 6490616..0000000
--- a/googlemock/test/gmock-generated-actions_test.cc
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1036 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2007, Google Inc.
-// All rights reserved.
-//
-// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
-// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
-// met:
-//
-//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
-// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
-//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
-// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
-// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
-// distribution.
-//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
-// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
-// this software without specific prior written permission.
-//
-// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
-// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
-// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
-// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
-// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
-// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
-// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
-// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
-// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
-// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
-// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
-
-
-// Google Mock - a framework for writing C++ mock classes.
-//
-// This file tests the built-in actions generated by a script.
-
-#include "gmock/gmock-generated-actions.h"
-
-#include <functional>
-#include <memory>
-#include <sstream>
-#include <string>
-#include "gmock/gmock.h"
-#include "gtest/gtest.h"
-
-namespace testing {
-namespace gmock_generated_actions_test {
-
-using ::std::plus;
-using ::std::string;
-using testing::_;
-using testing::Action;
-using testing::ActionInterface;
-using testing::ByRef;
-using testing::DoAll;
-using testing::Invoke;
-using testing::Return;
-using testing::SetArgPointee;
-using testing::StaticAssertTypeEq;
-using testing::Unused;
-
-// For suppressing compiler warnings on conversion possibly losing precision.
-inline short Short(short n) { return n; }  // NOLINT
-inline char Char(char ch) { return ch; }
-
-// Sample functions and functors for testing various actions.
-int Nullary() { return 1; }
-
-bool g_done = false;
-
-bool ByConstRef(const std::string& s) { return s == "Hi"; }
-
-const double g_double = 0;
-bool ReferencesGlobalDouble(const double& x) { return &x == &g_double; }
-
-struct UnaryFunctor {
-  int operator()(bool x) { return x ? 1 : -1; }
-};
-
-const char* Binary(const char* input, short n) { return input + n; }  // NOLINT
-
-int SumOf5(int a, int b, int c, int d, int e) { return a + b + c + d + e; }
-
-struct SumOf5Functor {
-  int operator()(int a, int b, int c, int d, int e) {
-    return a + b + c + d + e;
-  }
-};
-
-std::string Concat5(const char* s1, const char* s2, const char* s3,
-                    const char* s4, const char* s5) {
-  return std::string(s1) + s2 + s3 + s4 + s5;
-}
-
-int SumOf6(int a, int b, int c, int d, int e, int f) {
-  return a + b + c + d + e + f;
-}
-
-struct SumOf6Functor {
-  int operator()(int a, int b, int c, int d, int e, int f) {
-    return a + b + c + d + e + f;
-  }
-};
-
-std::string Concat6(const char* s1, const char* s2, const char* s3,
-                    const char* s4, const char* s5, const char* s6) {
-  return std::string(s1) + s2 + s3 + s4 + s5 + s6;
-}
-
-std::string Concat7(const char* s1, const char* s2, const char* s3,
-                    const char* s4, const char* s5, const char* s6,
-                    const char* s7) {
-  return std::string(s1) + s2 + s3 + s4 + s5 + s6 + s7;
-}
-
-std::string Concat8(const char* s1, const char* s2, const char* s3,
-                    const char* s4, const char* s5, const char* s6,
-                    const char* s7, const char* s8) {
-  return std::string(s1) + s2 + s3 + s4 + s5 + s6 + s7 + s8;
-}
-
-std::string Concat9(const char* s1, const char* s2, const char* s3,
-                    const char* s4, const char* s5, const char* s6,
-                    const char* s7, const char* s8, const char* s9) {
-  return std::string(s1) + s2 + s3 + s4 + s5 + s6 + s7 + s8 + s9;
-}
-
-std::string Concat10(const char* s1, const char* s2, const char* s3,
-                     const char* s4, const char* s5, const char* s6,
-                     const char* s7, const char* s8, const char* s9,
-                     const char* s10) {
-  return std::string(s1) + s2 + s3 + s4 + s5 + s6 + s7 + s8 + s9 + s10;
-}
-
-// A helper that turns the type of a C-string literal from const
-// char[N] to const char*.
-inline const char* CharPtr(const char* s) { return s; }
-
-// Tests InvokeArgument<N>(...).
-
-// Tests using InvokeArgument with a nullary function.
-TEST(InvokeArgumentTest, Function0) {
-  Action<int(int, int(*)())> a = InvokeArgument<1>();  // NOLINT
-  EXPECT_EQ(1, a.Perform(std::make_tuple(2, &Nullary)));
-}
-
-// Tests using InvokeArgument with a unary function.
-TEST(InvokeArgumentTest, Functor1) {
-  Action<int(UnaryFunctor)> a = InvokeArgument<0>(true);  // NOLINT
-  EXPECT_EQ(1, a.Perform(std::make_tuple(UnaryFunctor())));
-}
-
-// Tests using InvokeArgument with a 5-ary function.
-TEST(InvokeArgumentTest, Function5) {
-  Action<int(int(*)(int, int, int, int, int))> a =  // NOLINT
-      InvokeArgument<0>(10000, 2000, 300, 40, 5);
-  EXPECT_EQ(12345, a.Perform(std::make_tuple(&SumOf5)));
-}
-
-// Tests using InvokeArgument with a 5-ary functor.
-TEST(InvokeArgumentTest, Functor5) {
-  Action<int(SumOf5Functor)> a =  // NOLINT
-      InvokeArgument<0>(10000, 2000, 300, 40, 5);
-  EXPECT_EQ(12345, a.Perform(std::make_tuple(SumOf5Functor())));
-}
-
-// Tests using InvokeArgument with a 6-ary function.
-TEST(InvokeArgumentTest, Function6) {
-  Action<int(int(*)(int, int, int, int, int, int))> a =  // NOLINT
-      InvokeArgument<0>(100000, 20000, 3000, 400, 50, 6);
-  EXPECT_EQ(123456, a.Perform(std::make_tuple(&SumOf6)));
-}
-
-// Tests using InvokeArgument with a 6-ary functor.
-TEST(InvokeArgumentTest, Functor6) {
-  Action<int(SumOf6Functor)> a =  // NOLINT
-      InvokeArgument<0>(100000, 20000, 3000, 400, 50, 6);
-  EXPECT_EQ(123456, a.Perform(std::make_tuple(SumOf6Functor())));
-}
-
-// Tests using InvokeArgument with a 7-ary function.
-TEST(InvokeArgumentTest, Function7) {
-  Action<std::string(std::string(*)(const char*, const char*, const char*,
-                                    const char*, const char*, const char*,
-                                    const char*))>
-      a = InvokeArgument<0>("1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7");
-  EXPECT_EQ("1234567", a.Perform(std::make_tuple(&Concat7)));
-}
-
-// Tests using InvokeArgument with a 8-ary function.
-TEST(InvokeArgumentTest, Function8) {
-  Action<std::string(std::string(*)(const char*, const char*, const char*,
-                                    const char*, const char*, const char*,
-                                    const char*, const char*))>
-      a = InvokeArgument<0>("1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8");
-  EXPECT_EQ("12345678", a.Perform(std::make_tuple(&Concat8)));
-}
-
-// Tests using InvokeArgument with a 9-ary function.
-TEST(InvokeArgumentTest, Function9) {
-  Action<std::string(std::string(*)(const char*, const char*, const char*,
-                                    const char*, const char*, const char*,
-                                    const char*, const char*, const char*))>
-      a = InvokeArgument<0>("1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9");
-  EXPECT_EQ("123456789", a.Perform(std::make_tuple(&Concat9)));
-}
-
-// Tests using InvokeArgument with a 10-ary function.
-TEST(InvokeArgumentTest, Function10) {
-  Action<std::string(std::string(*)(
-      const char*, const char*, const char*, const char*, const char*,
-      const char*, const char*, const char*, const char*, const char*))>
-      a = InvokeArgument<0>("1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "0");
-  EXPECT_EQ("1234567890", a.Perform(std::make_tuple(&Concat10)));
-}
-
-// Tests using InvokeArgument with a function that takes a pointer argument.
-TEST(InvokeArgumentTest, ByPointerFunction) {
-  Action<const char*(const char*(*)(const char* input, short n))> a =  // NOLINT
-      InvokeArgument<0>(static_cast<const char*>("Hi"), Short(1));
-  EXPECT_STREQ("i", a.Perform(std::make_tuple(&Binary)));
-}
-
-// Tests using InvokeArgument with a function that takes a const char*
-// by passing it a C-string literal.
-TEST(InvokeArgumentTest, FunctionWithCStringLiteral) {
-  Action<const char*(const char*(*)(const char* input, short n))> a =  // NOLINT
-      InvokeArgument<0>("Hi", Short(1));
-  EXPECT_STREQ("i", a.Perform(std::make_tuple(&Binary)));
-}
-
-// Tests using InvokeArgument with a function that takes a const reference.
-TEST(InvokeArgumentTest, ByConstReferenceFunction) {
-  Action<bool(bool (*function)(const std::string& s))> a =  // NOLINT
-      InvokeArgument<0>(std::string("Hi"));
-  // When action 'a' is constructed, it makes a copy of the temporary
-  // string object passed to it, so it's OK to use 'a' later, when the
-  // temporary object has already died.
-  EXPECT_TRUE(a.Perform(std::make_tuple(&ByConstRef)));
-}
-
-// Tests using InvokeArgument with ByRef() and a function that takes a
-// const reference.
-TEST(InvokeArgumentTest, ByExplicitConstReferenceFunction) {
-  Action<bool(bool(*)(const double& x))> a =  // NOLINT
-      InvokeArgument<0>(ByRef(g_double));
-  // The above line calls ByRef() on a const value.
-  EXPECT_TRUE(a.Perform(std::make_tuple(&ReferencesGlobalDouble)));
-
-  double x = 0;
-  a = InvokeArgument<0>(ByRef(x));  // This calls ByRef() on a non-const.
-  EXPECT_FALSE(a.Perform(std::make_tuple(&ReferencesGlobalDouble)));
-}
-
-// Tests DoAll(a1, a2).
-TEST(DoAllTest, TwoActions) {
-  int n = 0;
-  Action<int(int*)> a = DoAll(SetArgPointee<0>(1),  // NOLINT
-                              Return(2));
-  EXPECT_EQ(2, a.Perform(std::make_tuple(&n)));
-  EXPECT_EQ(1, n);
-}
-
-// Tests DoAll(a1, a2, a3).
-TEST(DoAllTest, ThreeActions) {
-  int m = 0, n = 0;
-  Action<int(int*, int*)> a = DoAll(SetArgPointee<0>(1),  // NOLINT
-                                    SetArgPointee<1>(2),
-                                    Return(3));
-  EXPECT_EQ(3, a.Perform(std::make_tuple(&m, &n)));
-  EXPECT_EQ(1, m);
-  EXPECT_EQ(2, n);
-}
-
-// Tests DoAll(a1, a2, a3, a4).
-TEST(DoAllTest, FourActions) {
-  int m = 0, n = 0;
-  char ch = '\0';
-  Action<int(int*, int*, char*)> a =  // NOLINT
-      DoAll(SetArgPointee<0>(1),
-            SetArgPointee<1>(2),
-            SetArgPointee<2>('a'),
-            Return(3));
-  EXPECT_EQ(3, a.Perform(std::make_tuple(&m, &n, &ch)));
-  EXPECT_EQ(1, m);
-  EXPECT_EQ(2, n);
-  EXPECT_EQ('a', ch);
-}
-
-// Tests DoAll(a1, a2, a3, a4, a5).
-TEST(DoAllTest, FiveActions) {
-  int m = 0, n = 0;
-  char a = '\0', b = '\0';
-  Action<int(int*, int*, char*, char*)> action =  // NOLINT
-      DoAll(SetArgPointee<0>(1),
-            SetArgPointee<1>(2),
-            SetArgPointee<2>('a'),
-            SetArgPointee<3>('b'),
-            Return(3));
-  EXPECT_EQ(3, action.Perform(std::make_tuple(&m, &n, &a, &b)));
-  EXPECT_EQ(1, m);
-  EXPECT_EQ(2, n);
-  EXPECT_EQ('a', a);
-  EXPECT_EQ('b', b);
-}
-
-// Tests DoAll(a1, a2, ..., a6).
-TEST(DoAllTest, SixActions) {
-  int m = 0, n = 0;
-  char a = '\0', b = '\0', c = '\0';
-  Action<int(int*, int*, char*, char*, char*)> action =  // NOLINT
-      DoAll(SetArgPointee<0>(1),
-            SetArgPointee<1>(2),
-            SetArgPointee<2>('a'),
-            SetArgPointee<3>('b'),
-            SetArgPointee<4>('c'),
-            Return(3));
-  EXPECT_EQ(3, action.Perform(std::make_tuple(&m, &n, &a, &b, &c)));
-  EXPECT_EQ(1, m);
-  EXPECT_EQ(2, n);
-  EXPECT_EQ('a', a);
-  EXPECT_EQ('b', b);
-  EXPECT_EQ('c', c);
-}
-
-// Tests DoAll(a1, a2, ..., a7).
-TEST(DoAllTest, SevenActions) {
-  int m = 0, n = 0;
-  char a = '\0', b = '\0', c = '\0', d = '\0';
-  Action<int(int*, int*, char*, char*, char*, char*)> action =  // NOLINT
-      DoAll(SetArgPointee<0>(1),
-            SetArgPointee<1>(2),
-            SetArgPointee<2>('a'),
-            SetArgPointee<3>('b'),
-            SetArgPointee<4>('c'),
-            SetArgPointee<5>('d'),
-            Return(3));
-  EXPECT_EQ(3, action.Perform(std::make_tuple(&m, &n, &a, &b, &c, &d)));
-  EXPECT_EQ(1, m);
-  EXPECT_EQ(2, n);
-  EXPECT_EQ('a', a);
-  EXPECT_EQ('b', b);
-  EXPECT_EQ('c', c);
-  EXPECT_EQ('d', d);
-}
-
-// Tests DoAll(a1, a2, ..., a8).
-TEST(DoAllTest, EightActions) {
-  int m = 0, n = 0;
-  char a = '\0', b = '\0', c = '\0', d = '\0', e = '\0';
-  Action<int(int*, int*, char*, char*, char*, char*,  // NOLINT
-             char*)> action =
-      DoAll(SetArgPointee<0>(1),
-            SetArgPointee<1>(2),
-            SetArgPointee<2>('a'),
-            SetArgPointee<3>('b'),
-            SetArgPointee<4>('c'),
-            SetArgPointee<5>('d'),
-            SetArgPointee<6>('e'),
-            Return(3));
-  EXPECT_EQ(3, action.Perform(std::make_tuple(&m, &n, &a, &b, &c, &d, &e)));
-  EXPECT_EQ(1, m);
-  EXPECT_EQ(2, n);
-  EXPECT_EQ('a', a);
-  EXPECT_EQ('b', b);
-  EXPECT_EQ('c', c);
-  EXPECT_EQ('d', d);
-  EXPECT_EQ('e', e);
-}
-
-// Tests DoAll(a1, a2, ..., a9).
-TEST(DoAllTest, NineActions) {
-  int m = 0, n = 0;
-  char a = '\0', b = '\0', c = '\0', d = '\0', e = '\0', f = '\0';
-  Action<int(int*, int*, char*, char*, char*, char*,  // NOLINT
-             char*, char*)> action =
-      DoAll(SetArgPointee<0>(1),
-            SetArgPointee<1>(2),
-            SetArgPointee<2>('a'),
-            SetArgPointee<3>('b'),
-            SetArgPointee<4>('c'),
-            SetArgPointee<5>('d'),
-            SetArgPointee<6>('e'),
-            SetArgPointee<7>('f'),
-            Return(3));
-  EXPECT_EQ(3, action.Perform(std::make_tuple(&m, &n, &a, &b, &c, &d, &e, &f)));
-  EXPECT_EQ(1, m);
-  EXPECT_EQ(2, n);
-  EXPECT_EQ('a', a);
-  EXPECT_EQ('b', b);
-  EXPECT_EQ('c', c);
-  EXPECT_EQ('d', d);
-  EXPECT_EQ('e', e);
-  EXPECT_EQ('f', f);
-}
-
-// Tests DoAll(a1, a2, ..., a10).
-TEST(DoAllTest, TenActions) {
-  int m = 0, n = 0;
-  char a = '\0', b = '\0', c = '\0', d = '\0';
-  char e = '\0', f = '\0', g = '\0';
-  Action<int(int*, int*, char*, char*, char*, char*,  // NOLINT
-             char*, char*, char*)> action =
-      DoAll(SetArgPointee<0>(1),
-            SetArgPointee<1>(2),
-            SetArgPointee<2>('a'),
-            SetArgPointee<3>('b'),
-            SetArgPointee<4>('c'),
-            SetArgPointee<5>('d'),
-            SetArgPointee<6>('e'),
-            SetArgPointee<7>('f'),
-            SetArgPointee<8>('g'),
-            Return(3));
-  EXPECT_EQ(
-      3, action.Perform(std::make_tuple(&m, &n, &a, &b, &c, &d, &e, &f, &g)));
-  EXPECT_EQ(1, m);
-  EXPECT_EQ(2, n);
-  EXPECT_EQ('a', a);
-  EXPECT_EQ('b', b);
-  EXPECT_EQ('c', c);
-  EXPECT_EQ('d', d);
-  EXPECT_EQ('e', e);
-  EXPECT_EQ('f', f);
-  EXPECT_EQ('g', g);
-}
-
-TEST(DoAllTest, NoArgs) {
-  bool ran_first = false;
-  Action<bool()> a =
-      DoAll([&] { ran_first = true; }, [&] { return ran_first; });
-  EXPECT_TRUE(a.Perform({}));
-}
-
-TEST(DoAllTest, MoveOnlyArgs) {
-  bool ran_first = false;
-  Action<int(std::unique_ptr<int>)> a =
-      DoAll(InvokeWithoutArgs([&] { ran_first = true; }),
-            [](std::unique_ptr<int> p) { return *p; });
-  EXPECT_EQ(7, a.Perform(std::make_tuple(std::unique_ptr<int>(new int(7)))));
-  EXPECT_TRUE(ran_first);
-}
-
-TEST(DoAllTest, ImplicitlyConvertsActionArguments) {
-  bool ran_first = false;
-  // Action<void(std::vector<int>)> isn't an
-  // Action<void(const std::vector<int>&) but can be converted.
-  Action<void(std::vector<int>)> first = [&] { ran_first = true; };
-  Action<int(std::vector<int>)> a =
-      DoAll(first, [](std::vector<int> arg) { return arg.front(); });
-  EXPECT_EQ(7, a.Perform(std::make_tuple(std::vector<int>{7})));
-  EXPECT_TRUE(ran_first);
-}
-
-// The ACTION*() macros trigger warning C4100 (unreferenced formal
-// parameter) in MSVC with -W4.  Unfortunately they cannot be fixed in
-// the macro definition, as the warnings are generated when the macro
-// is expanded and macro expansion cannot contain #pragma.  Therefore
-// we suppress them here.
-// Also suppress C4503 decorated name length exceeded, name was truncated
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-# pragma warning(push)
-# pragma warning(disable:4100)
-# pragma warning(disable:4503)
-#endif
-// Tests the ACTION*() macro family.
-
-// Tests that ACTION() can define an action that doesn't reference the
-// mock function arguments.
-ACTION(Return5) { return 5; }
-
-TEST(ActionMacroTest, WorksWhenNotReferencingArguments) {
-  Action<double()> a1 = Return5();
-  EXPECT_DOUBLE_EQ(5, a1.Perform(std::make_tuple()));
-
-  Action<int(double, bool)> a2 = Return5();
-  EXPECT_EQ(5, a2.Perform(std::make_tuple(1, true)));
-}
-
-// Tests that ACTION() can define an action that returns void.
-ACTION(IncrementArg1) { (*arg1)++; }
-
-TEST(ActionMacroTest, WorksWhenReturningVoid) {
-  Action<void(int, int*)> a1 = IncrementArg1();
-  int n = 0;
-  a1.Perform(std::make_tuple(5, &n));
-  EXPECT_EQ(1, n);
-}
-
-// Tests that the body of ACTION() can reference the type of the
-// argument.
-ACTION(IncrementArg2) {
-  StaticAssertTypeEq<int*, arg2_type>();
-  arg2_type temp = arg2;
-  (*temp)++;
-}
-
-TEST(ActionMacroTest, CanReferenceArgumentType) {
-  Action<void(int, bool, int*)> a1 = IncrementArg2();
-  int n = 0;
-  a1.Perform(std::make_tuple(5, false, &n));
-  EXPECT_EQ(1, n);
-}
-
-// Tests that the body of ACTION() can reference the argument tuple
-// via args_type and args.
-ACTION(Sum2) {
-  StaticAssertTypeEq<std::tuple<int, char, int*>, args_type>();
-  args_type args_copy = args;
-  return std::get<0>(args_copy) + std::get<1>(args_copy);
-}
-
-TEST(ActionMacroTest, CanReferenceArgumentTuple) {
-  Action<int(int, char, int*)> a1 = Sum2();
-  int dummy = 0;
-  EXPECT_EQ(11, a1.Perform(std::make_tuple(5, Char(6), &dummy)));
-}
-
-// Tests that the body of ACTION() can reference the mock function
-// type.
-int Dummy(bool flag) { return flag? 1 : 0; }
-
-ACTION(InvokeDummy) {
-  StaticAssertTypeEq<int(bool), function_type>();
-  function_type* fp = &Dummy;
-  return (*fp)(true);
-}
-
-TEST(ActionMacroTest, CanReferenceMockFunctionType) {
-  Action<int(bool)> a1 = InvokeDummy();
-  EXPECT_EQ(1, a1.Perform(std::make_tuple(true)));
-  EXPECT_EQ(1, a1.Perform(std::make_tuple(false)));
-}
-
-// Tests that the body of ACTION() can reference the mock function's
-// return type.
-ACTION(InvokeDummy2) {
-  StaticAssertTypeEq<int, return_type>();
-  return_type result = Dummy(true);
-  return result;
-}
-
-TEST(ActionMacroTest, CanReferenceMockFunctionReturnType) {
-  Action<int(bool)> a1 = InvokeDummy2();
-  EXPECT_EQ(1, a1.Perform(std::make_tuple(true)));
-  EXPECT_EQ(1, a1.Perform(std::make_tuple(false)));
-}
-
-// Tests that ACTION() works for arguments passed by const reference.
-ACTION(ReturnAddrOfConstBoolReferenceArg) {
-  StaticAssertTypeEq<const bool&, arg1_type>();
-  return &arg1;
-}
-
-TEST(ActionMacroTest, WorksForConstReferenceArg) {
-  Action<const bool*(int, const bool&)> a = ReturnAddrOfConstBoolReferenceArg();
-  const bool b = false;
-  EXPECT_EQ(&b, a.Perform(std::tuple<int, const bool&>(0, b)));
-}
-
-// Tests that ACTION() works for arguments passed by non-const reference.
-ACTION(ReturnAddrOfIntReferenceArg) {
-  StaticAssertTypeEq<int&, arg0_type>();
-  return &arg0;
-}
-
-TEST(ActionMacroTest, WorksForNonConstReferenceArg) {
-  Action<int*(int&, bool, int)> a = ReturnAddrOfIntReferenceArg();
-  int n = 0;
-  EXPECT_EQ(&n, a.Perform(std::tuple<int&, bool, int>(n, true, 1)));
-}
-
-// Tests that ACTION() can be used in a namespace.
-namespace action_test {
-ACTION(Sum) { return arg0 + arg1; }
-}  // namespace action_test
-
-TEST(ActionMacroTest, WorksInNamespace) {
-  Action<int(int, int)> a1 = action_test::Sum();
-  EXPECT_EQ(3, a1.Perform(std::make_tuple(1, 2)));
-}
-
-// Tests that the same ACTION definition works for mock functions with
-// different argument numbers.
-ACTION(PlusTwo) { return arg0 + 2; }
-
-TEST(ActionMacroTest, WorksForDifferentArgumentNumbers) {
-  Action<int(int)> a1 = PlusTwo();
-  EXPECT_EQ(4, a1.Perform(std::make_tuple(2)));
-
-  Action<double(float, void*)> a2 = PlusTwo();
-  int dummy;
-  EXPECT_DOUBLE_EQ(6, a2.Perform(std::make_tuple(4.0f, &dummy)));
-}
-
-// Tests that ACTION_P can define a parameterized action.
-ACTION_P(Plus, n) { return arg0 + n; }
-
-TEST(ActionPMacroTest, DefinesParameterizedAction) {
-  Action<int(int m, bool t)> a1 = Plus(9);
-  EXPECT_EQ(10, a1.Perform(std::make_tuple(1, true)));
-}
-
-// Tests that the body of ACTION_P can reference the argument types
-// and the parameter type.
-ACTION_P(TypedPlus, n) {
-  arg0_type t1 = arg0;
-  n_type t2 = n;
-  return t1 + t2;
-}
-
-TEST(ActionPMacroTest, CanReferenceArgumentAndParameterTypes) {
-  Action<int(char m, bool t)> a1 = TypedPlus(9);
-  EXPECT_EQ(10, a1.Perform(std::make_tuple(Char(1), true)));
-}
-
-// Tests that a parameterized action can be used in any mock function
-// whose type is compatible.
-TEST(ActionPMacroTest, WorksInCompatibleMockFunction) {
-  Action<std::string(const std::string& s)> a1 = Plus("tail");
-  const std::string re = "re";
-  std::tuple<const std::string> dummy = std::make_tuple(re);
-  EXPECT_EQ("retail", a1.Perform(dummy));
-}
-
-// Tests that we can use ACTION*() to define actions overloaded on the
-// number of parameters.
-
-ACTION(OverloadedAction) { return arg0 ? arg1 : "hello"; }
-
-ACTION_P(OverloadedAction, default_value) {
-  return arg0 ? arg1 : default_value;
-}
-
-ACTION_P2(OverloadedAction, true_value, false_value) {
-  return arg0 ? true_value : false_value;
-}
-
-TEST(ActionMacroTest, CanDefineOverloadedActions) {
-  typedef Action<const char*(bool, const char*)> MyAction;
-
-  const MyAction a1 = OverloadedAction();
-  EXPECT_STREQ("hello", a1.Perform(std::make_tuple(false, CharPtr("world"))));
-  EXPECT_STREQ("world", a1.Perform(std::make_tuple(true, CharPtr("world"))));
-
-  const MyAction a2 = OverloadedAction("hi");
-  EXPECT_STREQ("hi", a2.Perform(std::make_tuple(false, CharPtr("world"))));
-  EXPECT_STREQ("world", a2.Perform(std::make_tuple(true, CharPtr("world"))));
-
-  const MyAction a3 = OverloadedAction("hi", "you");
-  EXPECT_STREQ("hi", a3.Perform(std::make_tuple(true, CharPtr("world"))));
-  EXPECT_STREQ("you", a3.Perform(std::make_tuple(false, CharPtr("world"))));
-}
-
-// Tests ACTION_Pn where n >= 3.
-
-ACTION_P3(Plus, m, n, k) { return arg0 + m + n + k; }
-
-TEST(ActionPnMacroTest, WorksFor3Parameters) {
-  Action<double(int m, bool t)> a1 = Plus(100, 20, 3.4);
-  EXPECT_DOUBLE_EQ(3123.4, a1.Perform(std::make_tuple(3000, true)));
-
-  Action<std::string(const std::string& s)> a2 = Plus("tail", "-", ">");
-  const std::string re = "re";
-  std::tuple<const std::string> dummy = std::make_tuple(re);
-  EXPECT_EQ("retail->", a2.Perform(dummy));
-}
-
-ACTION_P4(Plus, p0, p1, p2, p3) { return arg0 + p0 + p1 + p2 + p3; }
-
-TEST(ActionPnMacroTest, WorksFor4Parameters) {
-  Action<int(int)> a1 = Plus(1, 2, 3, 4);
-  EXPECT_EQ(10 + 1 + 2 + 3 + 4, a1.Perform(std::make_tuple(10)));
-}
-
-ACTION_P5(Plus, p0, p1, p2, p3, p4) { return arg0 + p0 + p1 + p2 + p3 + p4; }
-
-TEST(ActionPnMacroTest, WorksFor5Parameters) {
-  Action<int(int)> a1 = Plus(1, 2, 3, 4, 5);
-  EXPECT_EQ(10 + 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5, a1.Perform(std::make_tuple(10)));
-}
-
-ACTION_P6(Plus, p0, p1, p2, p3, p4, p5) {
-  return arg0 + p0 + p1 + p2 + p3 + p4 + p5;
-}
-
-TEST(ActionPnMacroTest, WorksFor6Parameters) {
-  Action<int(int)> a1 = Plus(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6);
-  EXPECT_EQ(10 + 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6, a1.Perform(std::make_tuple(10)));
-}
-
-ACTION_P7(Plus, p0, p1, p2, p3, p4, p5, p6) {
-  return arg0 + p0 + p1 + p2 + p3 + p4 + p5 + p6;
-}
-
-TEST(ActionPnMacroTest, WorksFor7Parameters) {
-  Action<int(int)> a1 = Plus(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7);
-  EXPECT_EQ(10 + 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7, a1.Perform(std::make_tuple(10)));
-}
-
-ACTION_P8(Plus, p0, p1, p2, p3, p4, p5, p6, p7) {
-  return arg0 + p0 + p1 + p2 + p3 + p4 + p5 + p6 + p7;
-}
-
-TEST(ActionPnMacroTest, WorksFor8Parameters) {
-  Action<int(int)> a1 = Plus(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8);
-  EXPECT_EQ(10 + 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8,
-            a1.Perform(std::make_tuple(10)));
-}
-
-ACTION_P9(Plus, p0, p1, p2, p3, p4, p5, p6, p7, p8) {
-  return arg0 + p0 + p1 + p2 + p3 + p4 + p5 + p6 + p7 + p8;
-}
-
-TEST(ActionPnMacroTest, WorksFor9Parameters) {
-  Action<int(int)> a1 = Plus(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9);
-  EXPECT_EQ(10 + 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9,
-            a1.Perform(std::make_tuple(10)));
-}
-
-ACTION_P10(Plus, p0, p1, p2, p3, p4, p5, p6, p7, p8, last_param) {
-  arg0_type t0 = arg0;
-  last_param_type t9 = last_param;
-  return t0 + p0 + p1 + p2 + p3 + p4 + p5 + p6 + p7 + p8 + t9;
-}
-
-TEST(ActionPnMacroTest, WorksFor10Parameters) {
-  Action<int(int)> a1 = Plus(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10);
-  EXPECT_EQ(10 + 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 + 10,
-            a1.Perform(std::make_tuple(10)));
-}
-
-// Tests that the action body can promote the parameter types.
-
-ACTION_P2(PadArgument, prefix, suffix) {
-  // The following lines promote the two parameters to desired types.
-  std::string prefix_str(prefix);
-  char suffix_char = static_cast<char>(suffix);
-  return prefix_str + arg0 + suffix_char;
-}
-
-TEST(ActionPnMacroTest, SimpleTypePromotion) {
-  Action<std::string(const char*)> no_promo =
-      PadArgument(std::string("foo"), 'r');
-  Action<std::string(const char*)> promo =
-      PadArgument("foo", static_cast<int>('r'));
-  EXPECT_EQ("foobar", no_promo.Perform(std::make_tuple(CharPtr("ba"))));
-  EXPECT_EQ("foobar", promo.Perform(std::make_tuple(CharPtr("ba"))));
-}
-
-// Tests that we can partially restrict parameter types using a
-// straight-forward pattern.
-
-// Defines a generic action that doesn't restrict the types of its
-// parameters.
-ACTION_P3(ConcatImpl, a, b, c) {
-  std::stringstream ss;
-  ss << a << b << c;
-  return ss.str();
-}
-
-// Next, we try to restrict that either the first parameter is a
-// string, or the second parameter is an int.
-
-// Defines a partially specialized wrapper that restricts the first
-// parameter to std::string.
-template <typename T1, typename T2>
-// ConcatImplActionP3 is the class template ACTION_P3 uses to
-// implement ConcatImpl.  We shouldn't change the name as this
-// pattern requires the user to use it directly.
-ConcatImplActionP3<std::string, T1, T2>
-Concat(const std::string& a, T1 b, T2 c) {
-  GTEST_INTENTIONAL_CONST_COND_PUSH_()
-  if (true) {
-  GTEST_INTENTIONAL_CONST_COND_POP_()
-    // This branch verifies that ConcatImpl() can be invoked without
-    // explicit template arguments.
-    return ConcatImpl(a, b, c);
-  } else {
-    // This branch verifies that ConcatImpl() can also be invoked with
-    // explicit template arguments.  It doesn't really need to be
-    // executed as this is a compile-time verification.
-    return ConcatImpl<std::string, T1, T2>(a, b, c);
-  }
-}
-
-// Defines another partially specialized wrapper that restricts the
-// second parameter to int.
-template <typename T1, typename T2>
-ConcatImplActionP3<T1, int, T2>
-Concat(T1 a, int b, T2 c) {
-  return ConcatImpl(a, b, c);
-}
-
-TEST(ActionPnMacroTest, CanPartiallyRestrictParameterTypes) {
-  Action<const std::string()> a1 = Concat("Hello", "1", 2);
-  EXPECT_EQ("Hello12", a1.Perform(std::make_tuple()));
-
-  a1 = Concat(1, 2, 3);
-  EXPECT_EQ("123", a1.Perform(std::make_tuple()));
-}
-
-// Verifies the type of an ACTION*.
-
-ACTION(DoFoo) {}
-ACTION_P(DoFoo, p) {}
-ACTION_P2(DoFoo, p0, p1) {}
-
-TEST(ActionPnMacroTest, TypesAreCorrect) {
-  // DoFoo() must be assignable to a DoFooAction variable.
-  DoFooAction a0 = DoFoo();
-
-  // DoFoo(1) must be assignable to a DoFooActionP variable.
-  DoFooActionP<int> a1 = DoFoo(1);
-
-  // DoFoo(p1, ..., pk) must be assignable to a DoFooActionPk
-  // variable, and so on.
-  DoFooActionP2<int, char> a2 = DoFoo(1, '2');
-  PlusActionP3<int, int, char> a3 = Plus(1, 2, '3');
-  PlusActionP4<int, int, int, char> a4 = Plus(1, 2, 3, '4');
-  PlusActionP5<int, int, int, int, char> a5 = Plus(1, 2, 3, 4, '5');
-  PlusActionP6<int, int, int, int, int, char> a6 = Plus(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, '6');
-  PlusActionP7<int, int, int, int, int, int, char> a7 =
-      Plus(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, '7');
-  PlusActionP8<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, char> a8 =
-      Plus(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, '8');
-  PlusActionP9<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, char> a9 =
-      Plus(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, '9');
-  PlusActionP10<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, char> a10 =
-      Plus(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, '0');
-
-  // Avoid "unused variable" warnings.
-  (void)a0;
-  (void)a1;
-  (void)a2;
-  (void)a3;
-  (void)a4;
-  (void)a5;
-  (void)a6;
-  (void)a7;
-  (void)a8;
-  (void)a9;
-  (void)a10;
-}
-
-// Tests that an ACTION_P*() action can be explicitly instantiated
-// with reference-typed parameters.
-
-ACTION_P(Plus1, x) { return x; }
-ACTION_P2(Plus2, x, y) { return x + y; }
-ACTION_P3(Plus3, x, y, z) { return x + y + z; }
-ACTION_P10(Plus10, a0, a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7, a8, a9) {
-  return a0 + a1 + a2 + a3 + a4 + a5 + a6 + a7 + a8 + a9;
-}
-
-TEST(ActionPnMacroTest, CanExplicitlyInstantiateWithReferenceTypes) {
-  int x = 1, y = 2, z = 3;
-  const std::tuple<> empty = std::make_tuple();
-
-  Action<int()> a = Plus1<int&>(x);
-  EXPECT_EQ(1, a.Perform(empty));
-
-  a = Plus2<const int&, int&>(x, y);
-  EXPECT_EQ(3, a.Perform(empty));
-
-  a = Plus3<int&, const int&, int&>(x, y, z);
-  EXPECT_EQ(6, a.Perform(empty));
-
-  int n[10] = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 };
-  a = Plus10<const int&, int&, const int&, int&, const int&, int&, const int&,
-      int&, const int&, int&>(n[0], n[1], n[2], n[3], n[4], n[5], n[6], n[7],
-                              n[8], n[9]);
-  EXPECT_EQ(55, a.Perform(empty));
-}
-
-
-class TenArgConstructorClass {
- public:
-  TenArgConstructorClass(int a1, int a2, int a3, int a4, int a5,
-                         int a6, int a7, int a8, int a9, int a10)
-    : value_(a1 + a2 + a3 + a4 + a5 + a6 + a7 + a8 + a9 + a10) {
-  }
-  int value_;
-};
-
-// Tests that ACTION_TEMPLATE works when there is no value parameter.
-ACTION_TEMPLATE(CreateNew,
-                HAS_1_TEMPLATE_PARAMS(typename, T),
-                AND_0_VALUE_PARAMS()) {
-  return new T;
-}
-
-TEST(ActionTemplateTest, WorksWithoutValueParam) {
-  const Action<int*()> a = CreateNew<int>();
-  int* p = a.Perform(std::make_tuple());
-  delete p;
-}
-
-// Tests that ACTION_TEMPLATE works when there are value parameters.
-ACTION_TEMPLATE(CreateNew,
-                HAS_1_TEMPLATE_PARAMS(typename, T),
-                AND_1_VALUE_PARAMS(a0)) {
-  return new T(a0);
-}
-
-TEST(ActionTemplateTest, WorksWithValueParams) {
-  const Action<int*()> a = CreateNew<int>(42);
-  int* p = a.Perform(std::make_tuple());
-  EXPECT_EQ(42, *p);
-  delete p;
-}
-
-// Tests that ACTION_TEMPLATE works for integral template parameters.
-ACTION_TEMPLATE(MyDeleteArg,
-                HAS_1_TEMPLATE_PARAMS(int, k),
-                AND_0_VALUE_PARAMS()) {
-  delete std::get<k>(args);
-}
-
-// Resets a bool variable in the destructor.
-class BoolResetter {
- public:
-  explicit BoolResetter(bool* value) : value_(value) {}
-  ~BoolResetter() { *value_ = false; }
- private:
-  bool* value_;
-};
-
-TEST(ActionTemplateTest, WorksForIntegralTemplateParams) {
-  const Action<void(int*, BoolResetter*)> a = MyDeleteArg<1>();
-  int n = 0;
-  bool b = true;
-  BoolResetter* resetter = new BoolResetter(&b);
-  a.Perform(std::make_tuple(&n, resetter));
-  EXPECT_FALSE(b);  // Verifies that resetter is deleted.
-}
-
-// Tests that ACTION_TEMPLATES works for template template parameters.
-ACTION_TEMPLATE(ReturnSmartPointer,
-                HAS_1_TEMPLATE_PARAMS(template <typename Pointee> class,
-                                      Pointer),
-                AND_1_VALUE_PARAMS(pointee)) {
-  return Pointer<pointee_type>(new pointee_type(pointee));
-}
-
-TEST(ActionTemplateTest, WorksForTemplateTemplateParameters) {
-  const Action<std::shared_ptr<int>()> a =
-      ReturnSmartPointer<std::shared_ptr>(42);
-  std::shared_ptr<int> p = a.Perform(std::make_tuple());
-  EXPECT_EQ(42, *p);
-}
-
-// Tests that ACTION_TEMPLATE works for 10 template parameters.
-template <typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, int k4, bool k5,
-          unsigned int k6, typename T7, typename T8, typename T9>
-struct GiantTemplate {
- public:
-  explicit GiantTemplate(int a_value) : value(a_value) {}
-  int value;
-};
-
-ACTION_TEMPLATE(ReturnGiant,
-                HAS_10_TEMPLATE_PARAMS(
-                    typename, T1,
-                    typename, T2,
-                    typename, T3,
-                    int, k4,
-                    bool, k5,
-                    unsigned int, k6,
-                    class, T7,
-                    class, T8,
-                    class, T9,
-                    template <typename T> class, T10),
-                AND_1_VALUE_PARAMS(value)) {
-  return GiantTemplate<T10<T1>, T2, T3, k4, k5, k6, T7, T8, T9>(value);
-}
-
-TEST(ActionTemplateTest, WorksFor10TemplateParameters) {
-  using Giant = GiantTemplate<std::shared_ptr<int>, bool, double, 5, true, 6,
-                              char, unsigned, int>;
-  const Action<Giant()> a = ReturnGiant<int, bool, double, 5, true, 6, char,
-                                        unsigned, int, std::shared_ptr>(42);
-  Giant giant = a.Perform(std::make_tuple());
-  EXPECT_EQ(42, giant.value);
-}
-
-// Tests that ACTION_TEMPLATE works for 10 value parameters.
-ACTION_TEMPLATE(ReturnSum,
-                HAS_1_TEMPLATE_PARAMS(typename, Number),
-                AND_10_VALUE_PARAMS(v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10)) {
-  return static_cast<Number>(v1) + v2 + v3 + v4 + v5 + v6 + v7 + v8 + v9 + v10;
-}
-
-TEST(ActionTemplateTest, WorksFor10ValueParameters) {
-  const Action<int()> a = ReturnSum<int>(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10);
-  EXPECT_EQ(55, a.Perform(std::make_tuple()));
-}
-
-// Tests that ACTION_TEMPLATE and ACTION/ACTION_P* can be overloaded
-// on the number of value parameters.
-
-ACTION(ReturnSum) { return 0; }
-
-ACTION_P(ReturnSum, x) { return x; }
-
-ACTION_TEMPLATE(ReturnSum,
-                HAS_1_TEMPLATE_PARAMS(typename, Number),
-                AND_2_VALUE_PARAMS(v1, v2)) {
-  return static_cast<Number>(v1) + v2;
-}
-
-ACTION_TEMPLATE(ReturnSum,
-                HAS_1_TEMPLATE_PARAMS(typename, Number),
-                AND_3_VALUE_PARAMS(v1, v2, v3)) {
-  return static_cast<Number>(v1) + v2 + v3;
-}
-
-ACTION_TEMPLATE(ReturnSum,
-                HAS_2_TEMPLATE_PARAMS(typename, Number, int, k),
-                AND_4_VALUE_PARAMS(v1, v2, v3, v4)) {
-  return static_cast<Number>(v1) + v2 + v3 + v4 + k;
-}
-
-TEST(ActionTemplateTest, CanBeOverloadedOnNumberOfValueParameters) {
-  const Action<int()> a0 = ReturnSum();
-  const Action<int()> a1 = ReturnSum(1);
-  const Action<int()> a2 = ReturnSum<int>(1, 2);
-  const Action<int()> a3 = ReturnSum<int>(1, 2, 3);
-  const Action<int()> a4 = ReturnSum<int, 10000>(2000, 300, 40, 5);
-  EXPECT_EQ(0, a0.Perform(std::make_tuple()));
-  EXPECT_EQ(1, a1.Perform(std::make_tuple()));
-  EXPECT_EQ(3, a2.Perform(std::make_tuple()));
-  EXPECT_EQ(6, a3.Perform(std::make_tuple()));
-  EXPECT_EQ(12345, a4.Perform(std::make_tuple()));
-}
-
-
-}  // namespace gmock_generated_actions_test
-}  // namespace testing
diff --git a/googlemock/test/gmock-more-actions_test.cc b/googlemock/test/gmock-more-actions_test.cc
index 4bcb5df..53bb029 100644
--- a/googlemock/test/gmock-more-actions_test.cc
+++ b/googlemock/test/gmock-more-actions_test.cc
@@ -31,12 +31,18 @@
 //
 // This file tests the built-in actions in gmock-actions.h.
 
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#pragma warning(push)
+#pragma warning(disable : 4577)
+#endif
+
+#include "gmock/gmock-more-actions.h"
+
 #include <functional>
 #include <memory>
 #include <sstream>
 #include <string>
 
-#include "gmock/gmock-actions.h"
 #include "gmock/gmock.h"
 #include "gtest/gtest-spi.h"
 #include "gtest/gtest.h"
@@ -46,12 +52,9 @@
 
 using ::std::plus;
 using ::std::string;
-using testing::_;
 using testing::Action;
-using testing::ActionInterface;
 using testing::DeleteArg;
 using testing::Invoke;
-using testing::Return;
 using testing::ReturnArg;
 using testing::ReturnPointee;
 using testing::SaveArg;
@@ -68,55 +71,27 @@
 // Sample functions and functors for testing Invoke() and etc.
 int Nullary() { return 1; }
 
-class NullaryFunctor {
- public:
-  int operator()() { return 2; }
-};
-
 bool g_done = false;
-void VoidNullary() { g_done = true; }
-
-class VoidNullaryFunctor {
- public:
-  void operator()() { g_done = true; }
-};
 
 bool Unary(int x) { return x < 0; }
 
-const char* Plus1(const char* s) { return s + 1; }
-
-void VoidUnary(int /* n */) { g_done = true; }
-
 bool ByConstRef(const std::string& s) { return s == "Hi"; }
 
 const double g_double = 0;
 bool ReferencesGlobalDouble(const double& x) { return &x == &g_double; }
 
-std::string ByNonConstRef(std::string& s) { return s += "+"; }  // NOLINT
-
 struct UnaryFunctor {
   int operator()(bool x) { return x ? 1 : -1; }
 };
 
 const char* Binary(const char* input, short n) { return input + n; }  // NOLINT
 
-void VoidBinary(int, char) { g_done = true; }
-
 int Ternary(int x, char y, short z) { return x + y + z; }  // NOLINT
 
-void VoidTernary(int, char, bool) { g_done = true; }
-
 int SumOf4(int a, int b, int c, int d) { return a + b + c + d; }
 
 int SumOfFirst2(int a, int b, Unused, Unused) { return a + b; }
 
-void VoidFunctionWithFourArguments(char, int, float, double) { g_done = true; }
-
-std::string Concat4(const char* s1, const char* s2, const char* s3,
-                    const char* s4) {
-  return std::string(s1) + s2 + s3 + s4;
-}
-
 int SumOf5(int a, int b, int c, int d, int e) { return a + b + c + d + e; }
 
 struct SumOf5Functor {
@@ -125,11 +100,6 @@
   }
 };
 
-std::string Concat5(const char* s1, const char* s2, const char* s3,
-                    const char* s4, const char* s5) {
-  return std::string(s1) + s2 + s3 + s4 + s5;
-}
-
 int SumOf6(int a, int b, int c, int d, int e, int f) {
   return a + b + c + d + e + f;
 }
@@ -140,11 +110,6 @@
   }
 };
 
-std::string Concat6(const char* s1, const char* s2, const char* s3,
-                    const char* s4, const char* s5, const char* s6) {
-  return std::string(s1) + s2 + s3 + s4 + s5 + s6;
-}
-
 std::string Concat7(const char* s1, const char* s2, const char* s3,
                     const char* s4, const char* s5, const char* s6,
                     const char* s7) {
@@ -636,7 +601,7 @@
 // Tests that SetArrayArgument<N>(first, last) sets the elements of the array
 // pointed to by the N-th (0-based) argument to values in range [first, last).
 TEST(SetArrayArgumentTest, SetsTheNthArray) {
-  typedef void MyFunction(bool, int*, char*);
+  using MyFunction = void(bool, int*, char*);
   int numbers[] = { 1, 2, 3 };
   Action<MyFunction> a = SetArrayArgument<1>(numbers, numbers + 3);
 
@@ -672,7 +637,7 @@
 
 // Tests SetArrayArgument<N>(first, last) where first == last.
 TEST(SetArrayArgumentTest, SetsTheNthArrayWithEmptyRange) {
-  typedef void MyFunction(bool, int*);
+  using MyFunction = void(bool, int*);
   int numbers[] = { 1, 2, 3 };
   Action<MyFunction> a = SetArrayArgument<1>(numbers, numbers);
 
@@ -688,7 +653,7 @@
 // Tests SetArrayArgument<N>(first, last) where *first is convertible
 // (but not equal) to the argument type.
 TEST(SetArrayArgumentTest, SetsTheNthArrayWithConvertibleType) {
-  typedef void MyFunction(bool, int*);
+  using MyFunction = void(bool, int*);
   char chars[] = { 97, 98, 99 };
   Action<MyFunction> a = SetArrayArgument<1>(chars, chars + 3);
 
@@ -703,7 +668,7 @@
 
 // Test SetArrayArgument<N>(first, last) with iterator as argument.
 TEST(SetArrayArgumentTest, SetsTheNthArrayWithIteratorArgument) {
-  typedef void MyFunction(bool, std::back_insert_iterator<std::string>);
+  using MyFunction = void(bool, std::back_insert_iterator<std::string>);
   std::string letters = "abc";
   Action<MyFunction> a = SetArrayArgument<1>(letters.begin(), letters.end());
 
@@ -721,5 +686,862 @@
   EXPECT_EQ(43, a.Perform(std::make_tuple()));
 }
 
-}  // namespace gmock_generated_actions_test
+// Tests InvokeArgument<N>(...).
+
+// Tests using InvokeArgument with a nullary function.
+TEST(InvokeArgumentTest, Function0) {
+  Action<int(int, int (*)())> a = InvokeArgument<1>();  // NOLINT
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, a.Perform(std::make_tuple(2, &Nullary)));
+}
+
+// Tests using InvokeArgument with a unary function.
+TEST(InvokeArgumentTest, Functor1) {
+  Action<int(UnaryFunctor)> a = InvokeArgument<0>(true);  // NOLINT
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, a.Perform(std::make_tuple(UnaryFunctor())));
+}
+
+// Tests using InvokeArgument with a 5-ary function.
+TEST(InvokeArgumentTest, Function5) {
+  Action<int(int (*)(int, int, int, int, int))> a =  // NOLINT
+      InvokeArgument<0>(10000, 2000, 300, 40, 5);
+  EXPECT_EQ(12345, a.Perform(std::make_tuple(&SumOf5)));
+}
+
+// Tests using InvokeArgument with a 5-ary functor.
+TEST(InvokeArgumentTest, Functor5) {
+  Action<int(SumOf5Functor)> a =  // NOLINT
+      InvokeArgument<0>(10000, 2000, 300, 40, 5);
+  EXPECT_EQ(12345, a.Perform(std::make_tuple(SumOf5Functor())));
+}
+
+// Tests using InvokeArgument with a 6-ary function.
+TEST(InvokeArgumentTest, Function6) {
+  Action<int(int (*)(int, int, int, int, int, int))> a =  // NOLINT
+      InvokeArgument<0>(100000, 20000, 3000, 400, 50, 6);
+  EXPECT_EQ(123456, a.Perform(std::make_tuple(&SumOf6)));
+}
+
+// Tests using InvokeArgument with a 6-ary functor.
+TEST(InvokeArgumentTest, Functor6) {
+  Action<int(SumOf6Functor)> a =  // NOLINT
+      InvokeArgument<0>(100000, 20000, 3000, 400, 50, 6);
+  EXPECT_EQ(123456, a.Perform(std::make_tuple(SumOf6Functor())));
+}
+
+// Tests using InvokeArgument with a 7-ary function.
+TEST(InvokeArgumentTest, Function7) {
+  Action<std::string(std::string(*)(const char*, const char*, const char*,
+                                    const char*, const char*, const char*,
+                                    const char*))>
+      a = InvokeArgument<0>("1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7");
+  EXPECT_EQ("1234567", a.Perform(std::make_tuple(&Concat7)));
+}
+
+// Tests using InvokeArgument with a 8-ary function.
+TEST(InvokeArgumentTest, Function8) {
+  Action<std::string(std::string(*)(const char*, const char*, const char*,
+                                    const char*, const char*, const char*,
+                                    const char*, const char*))>
+      a = InvokeArgument<0>("1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8");
+  EXPECT_EQ("12345678", a.Perform(std::make_tuple(&Concat8)));
+}
+
+// Tests using InvokeArgument with a 9-ary function.
+TEST(InvokeArgumentTest, Function9) {
+  Action<std::string(std::string(*)(const char*, const char*, const char*,
+                                    const char*, const char*, const char*,
+                                    const char*, const char*, const char*))>
+      a = InvokeArgument<0>("1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9");
+  EXPECT_EQ("123456789", a.Perform(std::make_tuple(&Concat9)));
+}
+
+// Tests using InvokeArgument with a 10-ary function.
+TEST(InvokeArgumentTest, Function10) {
+  Action<std::string(std::string(*)(
+      const char*, const char*, const char*, const char*, const char*,
+      const char*, const char*, const char*, const char*, const char*))>
+      a = InvokeArgument<0>("1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "0");
+  EXPECT_EQ("1234567890", a.Perform(std::make_tuple(&Concat10)));
+}
+
+// Tests using InvokeArgument with a function that takes a pointer argument.
+TEST(InvokeArgumentTest, ByPointerFunction) {
+  Action<const char*(const char* (*)(const char* input, short n))>  // NOLINT
+      a = InvokeArgument<0>(static_cast<const char*>("Hi"), Short(1));
+  EXPECT_STREQ("i", a.Perform(std::make_tuple(&Binary)));
+}
+
+// Tests using InvokeArgument with a function that takes a const char*
+// by passing it a C-string literal.
+TEST(InvokeArgumentTest, FunctionWithCStringLiteral) {
+  Action<const char*(const char* (*)(const char* input, short n))>  // NOLINT
+      a = InvokeArgument<0>("Hi", Short(1));
+  EXPECT_STREQ("i", a.Perform(std::make_tuple(&Binary)));
+}
+
+// Tests using InvokeArgument with a function that takes a const reference.
+TEST(InvokeArgumentTest, ByConstReferenceFunction) {
+  Action<bool(bool (*function)(const std::string& s))> a =  // NOLINT
+      InvokeArgument<0>(std::string("Hi"));
+  // When action 'a' is constructed, it makes a copy of the temporary
+  // string object passed to it, so it's OK to use 'a' later, when the
+  // temporary object has already died.
+  EXPECT_TRUE(a.Perform(std::make_tuple(&ByConstRef)));
+}
+
+// Tests using InvokeArgument with ByRef() and a function that takes a
+// const reference.
+TEST(InvokeArgumentTest, ByExplicitConstReferenceFunction) {
+  Action<bool(bool (*)(const double& x))> a =  // NOLINT
+      InvokeArgument<0>(ByRef(g_double));
+  // The above line calls ByRef() on a const value.
+  EXPECT_TRUE(a.Perform(std::make_tuple(&ReferencesGlobalDouble)));
+
+  double x = 0;
+  a = InvokeArgument<0>(ByRef(x));  // This calls ByRef() on a non-const.
+  EXPECT_FALSE(a.Perform(std::make_tuple(&ReferencesGlobalDouble)));
+}
+
+// Tests DoAll(a1, a2).
+TEST(DoAllTest, TwoActions) {
+  int n = 0;
+  Action<int(int*)> a = DoAll(SetArgPointee<0>(1),  // NOLINT
+                              Return(2));
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, a.Perform(std::make_tuple(&n)));
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, n);
+}
+
+// Tests DoAll(a1, a2, a3).
+TEST(DoAllTest, ThreeActions) {
+  int m = 0, n = 0;
+  Action<int(int*, int*)> a = DoAll(SetArgPointee<0>(1),  // NOLINT
+                                    SetArgPointee<1>(2), Return(3));
+  EXPECT_EQ(3, a.Perform(std::make_tuple(&m, &n)));
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, m);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, n);
+}
+
+// Tests DoAll(a1, a2, a3, a4).
+TEST(DoAllTest, FourActions) {
+  int m = 0, n = 0;
+  char ch = '\0';
+  Action<int(int*, int*, char*)> a =  // NOLINT
+      DoAll(SetArgPointee<0>(1), SetArgPointee<1>(2), SetArgPointee<2>('a'),
+            Return(3));
+  EXPECT_EQ(3, a.Perform(std::make_tuple(&m, &n, &ch)));
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, m);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, n);
+  EXPECT_EQ('a', ch);
+}
+
+// Tests DoAll(a1, a2, a3, a4, a5).
+TEST(DoAllTest, FiveActions) {
+  int m = 0, n = 0;
+  char a = '\0', b = '\0';
+  Action<int(int*, int*, char*, char*)> action =  // NOLINT
+      DoAll(SetArgPointee<0>(1), SetArgPointee<1>(2), SetArgPointee<2>('a'),
+            SetArgPointee<3>('b'), Return(3));
+  EXPECT_EQ(3, action.Perform(std::make_tuple(&m, &n, &a, &b)));
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, m);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, n);
+  EXPECT_EQ('a', a);
+  EXPECT_EQ('b', b);
+}
+
+// Tests DoAll(a1, a2, ..., a6).
+TEST(DoAllTest, SixActions) {
+  int m = 0, n = 0;
+  char a = '\0', b = '\0', c = '\0';
+  Action<int(int*, int*, char*, char*, char*)> action =  // NOLINT
+      DoAll(SetArgPointee<0>(1), SetArgPointee<1>(2), SetArgPointee<2>('a'),
+            SetArgPointee<3>('b'), SetArgPointee<4>('c'), Return(3));
+  EXPECT_EQ(3, action.Perform(std::make_tuple(&m, &n, &a, &b, &c)));
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, m);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, n);
+  EXPECT_EQ('a', a);
+  EXPECT_EQ('b', b);
+  EXPECT_EQ('c', c);
+}
+
+// Tests DoAll(a1, a2, ..., a7).
+TEST(DoAllTest, SevenActions) {
+  int m = 0, n = 0;
+  char a = '\0', b = '\0', c = '\0', d = '\0';
+  Action<int(int*, int*, char*, char*, char*, char*)> action =  // NOLINT
+      DoAll(SetArgPointee<0>(1), SetArgPointee<1>(2), SetArgPointee<2>('a'),
+            SetArgPointee<3>('b'), SetArgPointee<4>('c'), SetArgPointee<5>('d'),
+            Return(3));
+  EXPECT_EQ(3, action.Perform(std::make_tuple(&m, &n, &a, &b, &c, &d)));
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, m);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, n);
+  EXPECT_EQ('a', a);
+  EXPECT_EQ('b', b);
+  EXPECT_EQ('c', c);
+  EXPECT_EQ('d', d);
+}
+
+// Tests DoAll(a1, a2, ..., a8).
+TEST(DoAllTest, EightActions) {
+  int m = 0, n = 0;
+  char a = '\0', b = '\0', c = '\0', d = '\0', e = '\0';
+  Action<int(int*, int*, char*, char*, char*, char*,  // NOLINT
+             char*)>
+      action =
+          DoAll(SetArgPointee<0>(1), SetArgPointee<1>(2), SetArgPointee<2>('a'),
+                SetArgPointee<3>('b'), SetArgPointee<4>('c'),
+                SetArgPointee<5>('d'), SetArgPointee<6>('e'), Return(3));
+  EXPECT_EQ(3, action.Perform(std::make_tuple(&m, &n, &a, &b, &c, &d, &e)));
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, m);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, n);
+  EXPECT_EQ('a', a);
+  EXPECT_EQ('b', b);
+  EXPECT_EQ('c', c);
+  EXPECT_EQ('d', d);
+  EXPECT_EQ('e', e);
+}
+
+// Tests DoAll(a1, a2, ..., a9).
+TEST(DoAllTest, NineActions) {
+  int m = 0, n = 0;
+  char a = '\0', b = '\0', c = '\0', d = '\0', e = '\0', f = '\0';
+  Action<int(int*, int*, char*, char*, char*, char*,  // NOLINT
+             char*, char*)>
+      action = DoAll(SetArgPointee<0>(1), SetArgPointee<1>(2),
+                     SetArgPointee<2>('a'), SetArgPointee<3>('b'),
+                     SetArgPointee<4>('c'), SetArgPointee<5>('d'),
+                     SetArgPointee<6>('e'), SetArgPointee<7>('f'), Return(3));
+  EXPECT_EQ(3, action.Perform(std::make_tuple(&m, &n, &a, &b, &c, &d, &e, &f)));
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, m);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, n);
+  EXPECT_EQ('a', a);
+  EXPECT_EQ('b', b);
+  EXPECT_EQ('c', c);
+  EXPECT_EQ('d', d);
+  EXPECT_EQ('e', e);
+  EXPECT_EQ('f', f);
+}
+
+// Tests DoAll(a1, a2, ..., a10).
+TEST(DoAllTest, TenActions) {
+  int m = 0, n = 0;
+  char a = '\0', b = '\0', c = '\0', d = '\0';
+  char e = '\0', f = '\0', g = '\0';
+  Action<int(int*, int*, char*, char*, char*, char*,  // NOLINT
+             char*, char*, char*)>
+      action =
+          DoAll(SetArgPointee<0>(1), SetArgPointee<1>(2), SetArgPointee<2>('a'),
+                SetArgPointee<3>('b'), SetArgPointee<4>('c'),
+                SetArgPointee<5>('d'), SetArgPointee<6>('e'),
+                SetArgPointee<7>('f'), SetArgPointee<8>('g'), Return(3));
+  EXPECT_EQ(
+      3, action.Perform(std::make_tuple(&m, &n, &a, &b, &c, &d, &e, &f, &g)));
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, m);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, n);
+  EXPECT_EQ('a', a);
+  EXPECT_EQ('b', b);
+  EXPECT_EQ('c', c);
+  EXPECT_EQ('d', d);
+  EXPECT_EQ('e', e);
+  EXPECT_EQ('f', f);
+  EXPECT_EQ('g', g);
+}
+
+TEST(DoAllTest, NoArgs) {
+  bool ran_first = false;
+  Action<bool()> a =
+      DoAll([&] { ran_first = true; }, [&] { return ran_first; });
+  EXPECT_TRUE(a.Perform({}));
+}
+
+TEST(DoAllTest, MoveOnlyArgs) {
+  bool ran_first = false;
+  Action<int(std::unique_ptr<int>)> a =
+      DoAll(InvokeWithoutArgs([&] { ran_first = true; }),
+            [](std::unique_ptr<int> p) { return *p; });
+  EXPECT_EQ(7, a.Perform(std::make_tuple(std::unique_ptr<int>(new int(7)))));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(ran_first);
+}
+
+TEST(DoAllTest, ImplicitlyConvertsActionArguments) {
+  bool ran_first = false;
+  // Action<void(std::vector<int>)> isn't an
+  // Action<void(const std::vector<int>&) but can be converted.
+  Action<void(std::vector<int>)> first = [&] { ran_first = true; };
+  Action<int(std::vector<int>)> a =
+      DoAll(first, [](std::vector<int> arg) { return arg.front(); });
+  EXPECT_EQ(7, a.Perform(std::make_tuple(std::vector<int>{7})));
+  EXPECT_TRUE(ran_first);
+}
+
+// The ACTION*() macros trigger warning C4100 (unreferenced formal
+// parameter) in MSVC with -W4.  Unfortunately they cannot be fixed in
+// the macro definition, as the warnings are generated when the macro
+// is expanded and macro expansion cannot contain #pragma.  Therefore
+// we suppress them here.
+// Also suppress C4503 decorated name length exceeded, name was truncated
+#ifdef _MSC_VER
+#pragma warning(push)
+#pragma warning(disable : 4100)
+#pragma warning(disable : 4503)
+#endif
+// Tests the ACTION*() macro family.
+
+// Tests that ACTION() can define an action that doesn't reference the
+// mock function arguments.
+ACTION(Return5) { return 5; }
+
+TEST(ActionMacroTest, WorksWhenNotReferencingArguments) {
+  Action<double()> a1 = Return5();
+  EXPECT_DOUBLE_EQ(5, a1.Perform(std::make_tuple()));
+
+  Action<int(double, bool)> a2 = Return5();
+  EXPECT_EQ(5, a2.Perform(std::make_tuple(1, true)));
+}
+
+// Tests that ACTION() can define an action that returns void.
+ACTION(IncrementArg1) { (*arg1)++; }
+
+TEST(ActionMacroTest, WorksWhenReturningVoid) {
+  Action<void(int, int*)> a1 = IncrementArg1();
+  int n = 0;
+  a1.Perform(std::make_tuple(5, &n));
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, n);
+}
+
+// Tests that the body of ACTION() can reference the type of the
+// argument.
+ACTION(IncrementArg2) {
+  StaticAssertTypeEq<int*, arg2_type>();
+  arg2_type temp = arg2;
+  (*temp)++;
+}
+
+TEST(ActionMacroTest, CanReferenceArgumentType) {
+  Action<void(int, bool, int*)> a1 = IncrementArg2();
+  int n = 0;
+  a1.Perform(std::make_tuple(5, false, &n));
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, n);
+}
+
+// Tests that the body of ACTION() can reference the argument tuple
+// via args_type and args.
+ACTION(Sum2) {
+  StaticAssertTypeEq<std::tuple<int, char, int*>, args_type>();
+  args_type args_copy = args;
+  return std::get<0>(args_copy) + std::get<1>(args_copy);
+}
+
+TEST(ActionMacroTest, CanReferenceArgumentTuple) {
+  Action<int(int, char, int*)> a1 = Sum2();
+  int dummy = 0;
+  EXPECT_EQ(11, a1.Perform(std::make_tuple(5, Char(6), &dummy)));
+}
+
+namespace {
+
+// Tests that the body of ACTION() can reference the mock function
+// type.
+int Dummy(bool flag) { return flag ? 1 : 0; }
+
+}  // namespace
+
+ACTION(InvokeDummy) {
+  StaticAssertTypeEq<int(bool), function_type>();
+  function_type* fp = &Dummy;
+  return (*fp)(true);
+}
+
+TEST(ActionMacroTest, CanReferenceMockFunctionType) {
+  Action<int(bool)> a1 = InvokeDummy();
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, a1.Perform(std::make_tuple(true)));
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, a1.Perform(std::make_tuple(false)));
+}
+
+// Tests that the body of ACTION() can reference the mock function's
+// return type.
+ACTION(InvokeDummy2) {
+  StaticAssertTypeEq<int, return_type>();
+  return_type result = Dummy(true);
+  return result;
+}
+
+TEST(ActionMacroTest, CanReferenceMockFunctionReturnType) {
+  Action<int(bool)> a1 = InvokeDummy2();
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, a1.Perform(std::make_tuple(true)));
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, a1.Perform(std::make_tuple(false)));
+}
+
+// Tests that ACTION() works for arguments passed by const reference.
+ACTION(ReturnAddrOfConstBoolReferenceArg) {
+  StaticAssertTypeEq<const bool&, arg1_type>();
+  return &arg1;
+}
+
+TEST(ActionMacroTest, WorksForConstReferenceArg) {
+  Action<const bool*(int, const bool&)> a = ReturnAddrOfConstBoolReferenceArg();
+  const bool b = false;
+  EXPECT_EQ(&b, a.Perform(std::tuple<int, const bool&>(0, b)));
+}
+
+// Tests that ACTION() works for arguments passed by non-const reference.
+ACTION(ReturnAddrOfIntReferenceArg) {
+  StaticAssertTypeEq<int&, arg0_type>();
+  return &arg0;
+}
+
+TEST(ActionMacroTest, WorksForNonConstReferenceArg) {
+  Action<int*(int&, bool, int)> a = ReturnAddrOfIntReferenceArg();
+  int n = 0;
+  EXPECT_EQ(&n, a.Perform(std::tuple<int&, bool, int>(n, true, 1)));
+}
+
+// Tests that ACTION() can be used in a namespace.
+namespace action_test {
+ACTION(Sum) { return arg0 + arg1; }
+}  // namespace action_test
+
+TEST(ActionMacroTest, WorksInNamespace) {
+  Action<int(int, int)> a1 = action_test::Sum();
+  EXPECT_EQ(3, a1.Perform(std::make_tuple(1, 2)));
+}
+
+// Tests that the same ACTION definition works for mock functions with
+// different argument numbers.
+ACTION(PlusTwo) { return arg0 + 2; }
+
+TEST(ActionMacroTest, WorksForDifferentArgumentNumbers) {
+  Action<int(int)> a1 = PlusTwo();
+  EXPECT_EQ(4, a1.Perform(std::make_tuple(2)));
+
+  Action<double(float, void*)> a2 = PlusTwo();
+  int dummy;
+  EXPECT_DOUBLE_EQ(6, a2.Perform(std::make_tuple(4.0f, &dummy)));
+}
+
+// Tests that ACTION_P can define a parameterized action.
+ACTION_P(Plus, n) { return arg0 + n; }
+
+TEST(ActionPMacroTest, DefinesParameterizedAction) {
+  Action<int(int m, bool t)> a1 = Plus(9);
+  EXPECT_EQ(10, a1.Perform(std::make_tuple(1, true)));
+}
+
+// Tests that the body of ACTION_P can reference the argument types
+// and the parameter type.
+ACTION_P(TypedPlus, n) {
+  arg0_type t1 = arg0;
+  n_type t2 = n;
+  return t1 + t2;
+}
+
+TEST(ActionPMacroTest, CanReferenceArgumentAndParameterTypes) {
+  Action<int(char m, bool t)> a1 = TypedPlus(9);
+  EXPECT_EQ(10, a1.Perform(std::make_tuple(Char(1), true)));
+}
+
+// Tests that a parameterized action can be used in any mock function
+// whose type is compatible.
+TEST(ActionPMacroTest, WorksInCompatibleMockFunction) {
+  Action<std::string(const std::string& s)> a1 = Plus("tail");
+  const std::string re = "re";
+  std::tuple<const std::string> dummy = std::make_tuple(re);
+  EXPECT_EQ("retail", a1.Perform(dummy));
+}
+
+// Tests that we can use ACTION*() to define actions overloaded on the
+// number of parameters.
+
+ACTION(OverloadedAction) { return arg0 ? arg1 : "hello"; }
+
+ACTION_P(OverloadedAction, default_value) {
+  return arg0 ? arg1 : default_value;
+}
+
+ACTION_P2(OverloadedAction, true_value, false_value) {
+  return arg0 ? true_value : false_value;
+}
+
+TEST(ActionMacroTest, CanDefineOverloadedActions) {
+  using MyAction = Action<const char*(bool, const char*)>;
+
+  const MyAction a1 = OverloadedAction();
+  EXPECT_STREQ("hello", a1.Perform(std::make_tuple(false, CharPtr("world"))));
+  EXPECT_STREQ("world", a1.Perform(std::make_tuple(true, CharPtr("world"))));
+
+  const MyAction a2 = OverloadedAction("hi");
+  EXPECT_STREQ("hi", a2.Perform(std::make_tuple(false, CharPtr("world"))));
+  EXPECT_STREQ("world", a2.Perform(std::make_tuple(true, CharPtr("world"))));
+
+  const MyAction a3 = OverloadedAction("hi", "you");
+  EXPECT_STREQ("hi", a3.Perform(std::make_tuple(true, CharPtr("world"))));
+  EXPECT_STREQ("you", a3.Perform(std::make_tuple(false, CharPtr("world"))));
+}
+
+// Tests ACTION_Pn where n >= 3.
+
+ACTION_P3(Plus, m, n, k) { return arg0 + m + n + k; }
+
+TEST(ActionPnMacroTest, WorksFor3Parameters) {
+  Action<double(int m, bool t)> a1 = Plus(100, 20, 3.4);
+  EXPECT_DOUBLE_EQ(3123.4, a1.Perform(std::make_tuple(3000, true)));
+
+  Action<std::string(const std::string& s)> a2 = Plus("tail", "-", ">");
+  const std::string re = "re";
+  std::tuple<const std::string> dummy = std::make_tuple(re);
+  EXPECT_EQ("retail->", a2.Perform(dummy));
+}
+
+ACTION_P4(Plus, p0, p1, p2, p3) { return arg0 + p0 + p1 + p2 + p3; }
+
+TEST(ActionPnMacroTest, WorksFor4Parameters) {
+  Action<int(int)> a1 = Plus(1, 2, 3, 4);
+  EXPECT_EQ(10 + 1 + 2 + 3 + 4, a1.Perform(std::make_tuple(10)));
+}
+
+ACTION_P5(Plus, p0, p1, p2, p3, p4) { return arg0 + p0 + p1 + p2 + p3 + p4; }
+
+TEST(ActionPnMacroTest, WorksFor5Parameters) {
+  Action<int(int)> a1 = Plus(1, 2, 3, 4, 5);
+  EXPECT_EQ(10 + 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5, a1.Perform(std::make_tuple(10)));
+}
+
+ACTION_P6(Plus, p0, p1, p2, p3, p4, p5) {
+  return arg0 + p0 + p1 + p2 + p3 + p4 + p5;
+}
+
+TEST(ActionPnMacroTest, WorksFor6Parameters) {
+  Action<int(int)> a1 = Plus(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6);
+  EXPECT_EQ(10 + 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6, a1.Perform(std::make_tuple(10)));
+}
+
+ACTION_P7(Plus, p0, p1, p2, p3, p4, p5, p6) {
+  return arg0 + p0 + p1 + p2 + p3 + p4 + p5 + p6;
+}
+
+TEST(ActionPnMacroTest, WorksFor7Parameters) {
+  Action<int(int)> a1 = Plus(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7);
+  EXPECT_EQ(10 + 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7, a1.Perform(std::make_tuple(10)));
+}
+
+ACTION_P8(Plus, p0, p1, p2, p3, p4, p5, p6, p7) {
+  return arg0 + p0 + p1 + p2 + p3 + p4 + p5 + p6 + p7;
+}
+
+TEST(ActionPnMacroTest, WorksFor8Parameters) {
+  Action<int(int)> a1 = Plus(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8);
+  EXPECT_EQ(10 + 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8,
+            a1.Perform(std::make_tuple(10)));
+}
+
+ACTION_P9(Plus, p0, p1, p2, p3, p4, p5, p6, p7, p8) {
+  return arg0 + p0 + p1 + p2 + p3 + p4 + p5 + p6 + p7 + p8;
+}
+
+TEST(ActionPnMacroTest, WorksFor9Parameters) {
+  Action<int(int)> a1 = Plus(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9);
+  EXPECT_EQ(10 + 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9,
+            a1.Perform(std::make_tuple(10)));
+}
+
+ACTION_P10(Plus, p0, p1, p2, p3, p4, p5, p6, p7, p8, last_param) {
+  arg0_type t0 = arg0;
+  last_param_type t9 = last_param;
+  return t0 + p0 + p1 + p2 + p3 + p4 + p5 + p6 + p7 + p8 + t9;
+}
+
+TEST(ActionPnMacroTest, WorksFor10Parameters) {
+  Action<int(int)> a1 = Plus(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10);
+  EXPECT_EQ(10 + 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 + 10,
+            a1.Perform(std::make_tuple(10)));
+}
+
+// Tests that the action body can promote the parameter types.
+
+ACTION_P2(PadArgument, prefix, suffix) {
+  // The following lines promote the two parameters to desired types.
+  std::string prefix_str(prefix);
+  char suffix_char = static_cast<char>(suffix);
+  return prefix_str + arg0 + suffix_char;
+}
+
+TEST(ActionPnMacroTest, SimpleTypePromotion) {
+  Action<std::string(const char*)> no_promo =
+      PadArgument(std::string("foo"), 'r');
+  Action<std::string(const char*)> promo =
+      PadArgument("foo", static_cast<int>('r'));
+  EXPECT_EQ("foobar", no_promo.Perform(std::make_tuple(CharPtr("ba"))));
+  EXPECT_EQ("foobar", promo.Perform(std::make_tuple(CharPtr("ba"))));
+}
+
+// Tests that we can partially restrict parameter types using a
+// straight-forward pattern.
+
+// Defines a generic action that doesn't restrict the types of its
+// parameters.
+ACTION_P3(ConcatImpl, a, b, c) {
+  std::stringstream ss;
+  ss << a << b << c;
+  return ss.str();
+}
+
+// Next, we try to restrict that either the first parameter is a
+// string, or the second parameter is an int.
+
+// Defines a partially specialized wrapper that restricts the first
+// parameter to std::string.
+template <typename T1, typename T2>
+// ConcatImplActionP3 is the class template ACTION_P3 uses to
+// implement ConcatImpl.  We shouldn't change the name as this
+// pattern requires the user to use it directly.
+ConcatImplActionP3<std::string, T1, T2> Concat(const std::string& a, T1 b,
+                                               T2 c) {
+  GTEST_INTENTIONAL_CONST_COND_PUSH_()
+  if (true) {
+    GTEST_INTENTIONAL_CONST_COND_POP_()
+    // This branch verifies that ConcatImpl() can be invoked without
+    // explicit template arguments.
+    return ConcatImpl(a, b, c);
+  } else {
+    // This branch verifies that ConcatImpl() can also be invoked with
+    // explicit template arguments.  It doesn't really need to be
+    // executed as this is a compile-time verification.
+    return ConcatImpl<std::string, T1, T2>(a, b, c);
+  }
+}
+
+// Defines another partially specialized wrapper that restricts the
+// second parameter to int.
+template <typename T1, typename T2>
+ConcatImplActionP3<T1, int, T2> Concat(T1 a, int b, T2 c) {
+  return ConcatImpl(a, b, c);
+}
+
+TEST(ActionPnMacroTest, CanPartiallyRestrictParameterTypes) {
+  Action<const std::string()> a1 = Concat("Hello", "1", 2);
+  EXPECT_EQ("Hello12", a1.Perform(std::make_tuple()));
+
+  a1 = Concat(1, 2, 3);
+  EXPECT_EQ("123", a1.Perform(std::make_tuple()));
+}
+
+// Verifies the type of an ACTION*.
+
+ACTION(DoFoo) {}
+ACTION_P(DoFoo, p) {}
+ACTION_P2(DoFoo, p0, p1) {}
+
+TEST(ActionPnMacroTest, TypesAreCorrect) {
+  // DoFoo() must be assignable to a DoFooAction variable.
+  DoFooAction a0 = DoFoo();
+
+  // DoFoo(1) must be assignable to a DoFooActionP variable.
+  DoFooActionP<int> a1 = DoFoo(1);
+
+  // DoFoo(p1, ..., pk) must be assignable to a DoFooActionPk
+  // variable, and so on.
+  DoFooActionP2<int, char> a2 = DoFoo(1, '2');
+  PlusActionP3<int, int, char> a3 = Plus(1, 2, '3');
+  PlusActionP4<int, int, int, char> a4 = Plus(1, 2, 3, '4');
+  PlusActionP5<int, int, int, int, char> a5 = Plus(1, 2, 3, 4, '5');
+  PlusActionP6<int, int, int, int, int, char> a6 = Plus(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, '6');
+  PlusActionP7<int, int, int, int, int, int, char> a7 =
+      Plus(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, '7');
+  PlusActionP8<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, char> a8 =
+      Plus(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, '8');
+  PlusActionP9<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, char> a9 =
+      Plus(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, '9');
+  PlusActionP10<int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, int, char> a10 =
+      Plus(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, '0');
+
+  // Avoid "unused variable" warnings.
+  (void)a0;
+  (void)a1;
+  (void)a2;
+  (void)a3;
+  (void)a4;
+  (void)a5;
+  (void)a6;
+  (void)a7;
+  (void)a8;
+  (void)a9;
+  (void)a10;
+}
+
+// Tests that an ACTION_P*() action can be explicitly instantiated
+// with reference-typed parameters.
+
+ACTION_P(Plus1, x) { return x; }
+ACTION_P2(Plus2, x, y) { return x + y; }
+ACTION_P3(Plus3, x, y, z) { return x + y + z; }
+ACTION_P10(Plus10, a0, a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7, a8, a9) {
+  return a0 + a1 + a2 + a3 + a4 + a5 + a6 + a7 + a8 + a9;
+}
+
+TEST(ActionPnMacroTest, CanExplicitlyInstantiateWithReferenceTypes) {
+  int x = 1, y = 2, z = 3;
+  const std::tuple<> empty = std::make_tuple();
+
+  Action<int()> a = Plus1<int&>(x);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, a.Perform(empty));
+
+  a = Plus2<const int&, int&>(x, y);
+  EXPECT_EQ(3, a.Perform(empty));
+
+  a = Plus3<int&, const int&, int&>(x, y, z);
+  EXPECT_EQ(6, a.Perform(empty));
+
+  int n[10] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10};
+  a = Plus10<const int&, int&, const int&, int&, const int&, int&, const int&,
+             int&, const int&, int&>(n[0], n[1], n[2], n[3], n[4], n[5], n[6],
+                                     n[7], n[8], n[9]);
+  EXPECT_EQ(55, a.Perform(empty));
+}
+
+class TenArgConstructorClass {
+ public:
+  TenArgConstructorClass(int a1, int a2, int a3, int a4, int a5, int a6, int a7,
+                         int a8, int a9, int a10)
+      : value_(a1 + a2 + a3 + a4 + a5 + a6 + a7 + a8 + a9 + a10) {}
+  int value_;
+};
+
+// Tests that ACTION_TEMPLATE works when there is no value parameter.
+ACTION_TEMPLATE(CreateNew, HAS_1_TEMPLATE_PARAMS(typename, T),
+                AND_0_VALUE_PARAMS()) {
+  return new T;
+}
+
+TEST(ActionTemplateTest, WorksWithoutValueParam) {
+  const Action<int*()> a = CreateNew<int>();
+  int* p = a.Perform(std::make_tuple());
+  delete p;
+}
+
+// Tests that ACTION_TEMPLATE works when there are value parameters.
+ACTION_TEMPLATE(CreateNew, HAS_1_TEMPLATE_PARAMS(typename, T),
+                AND_1_VALUE_PARAMS(a0)) {
+  return new T(a0);
+}
+
+TEST(ActionTemplateTest, WorksWithValueParams) {
+  const Action<int*()> a = CreateNew<int>(42);
+  int* p = a.Perform(std::make_tuple());
+  EXPECT_EQ(42, *p);
+  delete p;
+}
+
+// Tests that ACTION_TEMPLATE works for integral template parameters.
+ACTION_TEMPLATE(MyDeleteArg, HAS_1_TEMPLATE_PARAMS(int, k),
+                AND_0_VALUE_PARAMS()) {
+  delete std::get<k>(args);
+}
+
+// Resets a bool variable in the destructor.
+class BoolResetter {
+ public:
+  explicit BoolResetter(bool* value) : value_(value) {}
+  ~BoolResetter() { *value_ = false; }
+
+ private:
+  bool* value_;
+};
+
+TEST(ActionTemplateTest, WorksForIntegralTemplateParams) {
+  const Action<void(int*, BoolResetter*)> a = MyDeleteArg<1>();
+  int n = 0;
+  bool b = true;
+  auto* resetter = new BoolResetter(&b);
+  a.Perform(std::make_tuple(&n, resetter));
+  EXPECT_FALSE(b);  // Verifies that resetter is deleted.
+}
+
+// Tests that ACTION_TEMPLATES works for template template parameters.
+ACTION_TEMPLATE(ReturnSmartPointer,
+                HAS_1_TEMPLATE_PARAMS(template <typename Pointee> class,
+                                      Pointer),
+                AND_1_VALUE_PARAMS(pointee)) {
+  return Pointer<pointee_type>(new pointee_type(pointee));
+}
+
+TEST(ActionTemplateTest, WorksForTemplateTemplateParameters) {
+  const Action<std::shared_ptr<int>()> a =
+      ReturnSmartPointer<std::shared_ptr>(42);
+  std::shared_ptr<int> p = a.Perform(std::make_tuple());
+  EXPECT_EQ(42, *p);
+}
+
+// Tests that ACTION_TEMPLATE works for 10 template parameters.
+template <typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, int k4, bool k5,
+          unsigned int k6, typename T7, typename T8, typename T9>
+struct GiantTemplate {
+ public:
+  explicit GiantTemplate(int a_value) : value(a_value) {}
+  int value;
+};
+
+ACTION_TEMPLATE(ReturnGiant,
+                HAS_10_TEMPLATE_PARAMS(typename, T1, typename, T2, typename, T3,
+                                       int, k4, bool, k5, unsigned int, k6,
+                                       class, T7, class, T8, class, T9,
+                                       template <typename T> class, T10),
+                AND_1_VALUE_PARAMS(value)) {
+  return GiantTemplate<T10<T1>, T2, T3, k4, k5, k6, T7, T8, T9>(value);
+}
+
+TEST(ActionTemplateTest, WorksFor10TemplateParameters) {
+  using Giant = GiantTemplate<std::shared_ptr<int>, bool, double, 5, true, 6,
+                              char, unsigned, int>;
+  const Action<Giant()> a = ReturnGiant<int, bool, double, 5, true, 6, char,
+                                        unsigned, int, std::shared_ptr>(42);
+  Giant giant = a.Perform(std::make_tuple());
+  EXPECT_EQ(42, giant.value);
+}
+
+// Tests that ACTION_TEMPLATE works for 10 value parameters.
+ACTION_TEMPLATE(ReturnSum, HAS_1_TEMPLATE_PARAMS(typename, Number),
+                AND_10_VALUE_PARAMS(v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7, v8, v9, v10)) {
+  return static_cast<Number>(v1) + v2 + v3 + v4 + v5 + v6 + v7 + v8 + v9 + v10;
+}
+
+TEST(ActionTemplateTest, WorksFor10ValueParameters) {
+  const Action<int()> a = ReturnSum<int>(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10);
+  EXPECT_EQ(55, a.Perform(std::make_tuple()));
+}
+
+// Tests that ACTION_TEMPLATE and ACTION/ACTION_P* can be overloaded
+// on the number of value parameters.
+
+ACTION(ReturnSum) { return 0; }
+
+ACTION_P(ReturnSum, x) { return x; }
+
+ACTION_TEMPLATE(ReturnSum, HAS_1_TEMPLATE_PARAMS(typename, Number),
+                AND_2_VALUE_PARAMS(v1, v2)) {
+  return static_cast<Number>(v1) + v2;
+}
+
+ACTION_TEMPLATE(ReturnSum, HAS_1_TEMPLATE_PARAMS(typename, Number),
+                AND_3_VALUE_PARAMS(v1, v2, v3)) {
+  return static_cast<Number>(v1) + v2 + v3;
+}
+
+ACTION_TEMPLATE(ReturnSum, HAS_2_TEMPLATE_PARAMS(typename, Number, int, k),
+                AND_4_VALUE_PARAMS(v1, v2, v3, v4)) {
+  return static_cast<Number>(v1) + v2 + v3 + v4 + k;
+}
+
+TEST(ActionTemplateTest, CanBeOverloadedOnNumberOfValueParameters) {
+  const Action<int()> a0 = ReturnSum();
+  const Action<int()> a1 = ReturnSum(1);
+  const Action<int()> a2 = ReturnSum<int>(1, 2);
+  const Action<int()> a3 = ReturnSum<int>(1, 2, 3);
+  const Action<int()> a4 = ReturnSum<int, 10000>(2000, 300, 40, 5);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, a0.Perform(std::make_tuple()));
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, a1.Perform(std::make_tuple()));
+  EXPECT_EQ(3, a2.Perform(std::make_tuple()));
+  EXPECT_EQ(6, a3.Perform(std::make_tuple()));
+  EXPECT_EQ(12345, a4.Perform(std::make_tuple()));
+}
+
+}  // namespace gmock_more_actions_test
 }  // namespace testing
diff --git a/googlemock/test/gmock-spec-builders_test.cc b/googlemock/test/gmock-spec-builders_test.cc
index 791a247..fa97411 100644
--- a/googlemock/test/gmock-spec-builders_test.cc
+++ b/googlemock/test/gmock-spec-builders_test.cc
@@ -2179,8 +2179,8 @@
         "call should not happen.  Do not suppress it by blindly adding "
         "an EXPECT_CALL() if you don't mean to enforce the call.  "
         "See "
-        "https://github.com/google/googletest/blob/master/googlemock/docs/"
-        "cook_book.md#"
+        "https://github.com/google/googletest/blob/master/docs/"
+        "gmock_cook_book.md#"
         "knowing-when-to-expect for details.";
 
     // A void-returning function.
diff --git a/googlemock/test/gmock_all_test.cc b/googlemock/test/gmock_all_test.cc
index 6187d4a..fffbb8b 100644
--- a/googlemock/test/gmock_all_test.cc
+++ b/googlemock/test/gmock_all_test.cc
@@ -37,7 +37,6 @@
 // below list of actual *_test.cc files might change).
 #include "test/gmock-actions_test.cc"
 #include "test/gmock-cardinalities_test.cc"
-#include "test/gmock-generated-actions_test.cc"
 #include "test/gmock-internal-utils_test.cc"
 #include "test/gmock-matchers_test.cc"
 #include "test/gmock-more-actions_test.cc"
diff --git a/googlemock/test/gmock_link_test.h b/googlemock/test/gmock_link_test.h
index 175d2bd..5734b2e 100644
--- a/googlemock/test/gmock_link_test.h
+++ b/googlemock/test/gmock_link_test.h
@@ -112,8 +112,8 @@
 // is defined as LinkTest1 in gmock_link_test.cc and as LinkTest2 in
 // gmock_link2_test.cc to avoid producing linker errors.
 
-#ifndef GMOCK_TEST_GMOCK_LINK_TEST_H_
-#define GMOCK_TEST_GMOCK_LINK_TEST_H_
+#ifndef GOOGLEMOCK_TEST_GMOCK_LINK_TEST_H_
+#define GOOGLEMOCK_TEST_GMOCK_LINK_TEST_H_
 
 #include "gmock/gmock.h"
 
@@ -687,4 +687,4 @@
   EXPECT_TRUE(m.Matches(nullptr));
 }
 
-#endif  // GMOCK_TEST_GMOCK_LINK_TEST_H_
+#endif  // GOOGLEMOCK_TEST_GMOCK_LINK_TEST_H_
diff --git a/googlemock/test/gmock_output_test_golden.txt b/googlemock/test/gmock_output_test_golden.txt
index 755e933..4846c12 100644
--- a/googlemock/test/gmock_output_test_golden.txt
+++ b/googlemock/test/gmock_output_test_golden.txt
@@ -75,14 +75,14 @@
 Uninteresting mock function call - returning default value.
     Function call: Bar2(0, 1)
           Returns: false
-NOTE: You can safely ignore the above warning unless this call should not happen.  Do not suppress it by blindly adding an EXPECT_CALL() if you don't mean to enforce the call.  See https://github.com/google/googletest/blob/master/googlemock/docs/cook_book.md#knowing-when-to-expect for details.
+NOTE: You can safely ignore the above warning unless this call should not happen.  Do not suppress it by blindly adding an EXPECT_CALL() if you don't mean to enforce the call.  See https://github.com/google/googletest/blob/master/docs/gmock_cook_book.md#knowing-when-to-expect for details.
 [       OK ] GMockOutputTest.UninterestingCall
 [ RUN      ] GMockOutputTest.UninterestingCallToVoidFunction
 
 GMOCK WARNING:
 Uninteresting mock function call - returning directly.
     Function call: Bar3(0, 1)
-NOTE: You can safely ignore the above warning unless this call should not happen.  Do not suppress it by blindly adding an EXPECT_CALL() if you don't mean to enforce the call.  See https://github.com/google/googletest/blob/master/googlemock/docs/cook_book.md#knowing-when-to-expect for details.
+NOTE: You can safely ignore the above warning unless this call should not happen.  Do not suppress it by blindly adding an EXPECT_CALL() if you don't mean to enforce the call.  See https://github.com/google/googletest/blob/master/docs/gmock_cook_book.md#knowing-when-to-expect for details.
 [       OK ] GMockOutputTest.UninterestingCallToVoidFunction
 [ RUN      ] GMockOutputTest.RetiredExpectation
 unknown file: Failure
@@ -266,14 +266,14 @@
 FILE:#:
     Function call: Bar2(2, 2)
           Returns: true
-NOTE: You can safely ignore the above warning unless this call should not happen.  Do not suppress it by blindly adding an EXPECT_CALL() if you don't mean to enforce the call.  See https://github.com/google/googletest/blob/master/googlemock/docs/cook_book.md#knowing-when-to-expect for details.
+NOTE: You can safely ignore the above warning unless this call should not happen.  Do not suppress it by blindly adding an EXPECT_CALL() if you don't mean to enforce the call.  See https://github.com/google/googletest/blob/master/docs/gmock_cook_book.md#knowing-when-to-expect for details.
 
 GMOCK WARNING:
 Uninteresting mock function call - taking default action specified at:
 FILE:#:
     Function call: Bar2(1, 1)
           Returns: false
-NOTE: You can safely ignore the above warning unless this call should not happen.  Do not suppress it by blindly adding an EXPECT_CALL() if you don't mean to enforce the call.  See https://github.com/google/googletest/blob/master/googlemock/docs/cook_book.md#knowing-when-to-expect for details.
+NOTE: You can safely ignore the above warning unless this call should not happen.  Do not suppress it by blindly adding an EXPECT_CALL() if you don't mean to enforce the call.  See https://github.com/google/googletest/blob/master/docs/gmock_cook_book.md#knowing-when-to-expect for details.
 [       OK ] GMockOutputTest.UninterestingCallWithDefaultAction
 [ RUN      ] GMockOutputTest.ExplicitActionsRunOutWithDefaultAction
 
diff --git a/googlemock/test/pump_test.py b/googlemock/test/pump_test.py
deleted file mode 100755
index eb5a131..0000000
--- a/googlemock/test/pump_test.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,182 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python
-#
-# Copyright 2010, Google Inc.
-# All rights reserved.
-#
-# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
-# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
-# met:
-#
-#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
-# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
-#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
-# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
-# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
-# distribution.
-#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
-# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
-# this software without specific prior written permission.
-#
-# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
-# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
-# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
-# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
-# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
-# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
-# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
-# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
-# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
-# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
-# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
-
-"""Tests for the Pump meta-programming tool."""
-
-from google3.testing.pybase import googletest
-import google3.third_party.googletest.googlemock.scripts.pump
-
-pump = google3.third_party.googletest.googlemock.scripts.pump
-Convert = pump.ConvertFromPumpSource
-StripMetaComments = pump.StripMetaComments
-
-
-class PumpTest(googletest.TestCase):
-
-  def testConvertsEmptyToEmpty(self):
-    self.assertEquals('', Convert('').strip())
-
-  def testConvertsPlainCodeToSame(self):
-    self.assertEquals('#include <stdio.h>\n',
-                      Convert('#include <stdio.h>\n'))
-
-  def testConvertsLongIWYUPragmaToSame(self):
-    long_line = '// IWYU pragma: private, include "' + (80*'a') + '.h"\n'
-    self.assertEquals(long_line, Convert(long_line))
-
-  def testConvertsIWYUPragmaWithLeadingSpaceToSame(self):
-    long_line = ' // IWYU pragma: private, include "' + (80*'a') + '.h"\n'
-    self.assertEquals(long_line, Convert(long_line))
-
-  def testConvertsIWYUPragmaWithSlashStarLeaderToSame(self):
-    long_line = '/* IWYU pragma: private, include "' + (80*'a') + '.h"\n'
-    self.assertEquals(long_line, Convert(long_line))
-
-  def testConvertsIWYUPragmaWithSlashStarAndSpacesToSame(self):
-    long_line = ' /* IWYU pragma: private, include "' + (80*'a') + '.h"\n'
-    self.assertEquals(long_line, Convert(long_line))
-
-  def testIgnoresMetaComment(self):
-    self.assertEquals('',
-                      Convert('$$ This is a Pump meta comment.\n').strip())
-
-  def testSimpleVarDeclarationWorks(self):
-    self.assertEquals('3\n',
-                      Convert('$var m = 3\n'
-                              '$m\n'))
-
-  def testVarDeclarationCanReferenceEarlierVar(self):
-    self.assertEquals('43 != 3;\n',
-                      Convert('$var a = 42\n'
-                              '$var b = a + 1\n'
-                              '$var c = (b - a)*3\n'
-                              '$b != $c;\n'))
-
-  def testSimpleLoopWorks(self):
-    self.assertEquals('1, 2, 3, 4, 5\n',
-                      Convert('$var n = 5\n'
-                              '$range i 1..n\n'
-                              '$for i, [[$i]]\n'))
-
-  def testSimpleLoopWithCommentWorks(self):
-    self.assertEquals('1, 2, 3, 4, 5\n',
-                      Convert('$var n = 5    $$ This is comment 1.\n'
-                              '$range i 1..n $$ This is comment 2.\n'
-                              '$for i, [[$i]]\n'))
-
-  def testNonTrivialRangeExpressionsWork(self):
-    self.assertEquals('1, 2, 3, 4\n',
-                      Convert('$var n = 5\n'
-                              '$range i (n/n)..(n - 1)\n'
-                              '$for i, [[$i]]\n'))
-
-  def testLoopWithoutSeparatorWorks(self):
-    self.assertEquals('a + 1 + 2 + 3;\n',
-                      Convert('$range i 1..3\n'
-                              'a$for i [[ + $i]];\n'))
-
-  def testCanGenerateDollarSign(self):
-    self.assertEquals('$\n', Convert('$($)\n'))
-
-  def testCanIterpolateExpressions(self):
-    self.assertEquals('a[2] = 3;\n',
-                      Convert('$var i = 1\n'
-                              'a[$(i + 1)] = $(i*4 - 1);\n'))
-
-  def testConditionalWithoutElseBranchWorks(self):
-    self.assertEquals('true\n',
-                      Convert('$var n = 5\n'
-                              '$if n > 0 [[true]]\n'))
-
-  def testConditionalWithElseBranchWorks(self):
-    self.assertEquals('true -- really false\n',
-                      Convert('$var n = 5\n'
-                              '$if n > 0 [[true]]\n'
-                              '$else [[false]] -- \n'
-                              '$if n > 10 [[really true]]\n'
-                              '$else [[really false]]\n'))
-
-  def testConditionalWithCascadingElseBranchWorks(self):
-    self.assertEquals('a\n',
-                      Convert('$var n = 5\n'
-                              '$if n > 0 [[a]]\n'
-                              '$elif n > 10 [[b]]\n'
-                              '$else [[c]]\n'))
-    self.assertEquals('b\n',
-                      Convert('$var n = 5\n'
-                              '$if n > 10 [[a]]\n'
-                              '$elif n > 0 [[b]]\n'
-                              '$else [[c]]\n'))
-    self.assertEquals('c\n',
-                      Convert('$var n = 5\n'
-                              '$if n > 10 [[a]]\n'
-                              '$elif n > 8 [[b]]\n'
-                              '$else [[c]]\n'))
-
-  def testNestedLexicalBlocksWork(self):
-    self.assertEquals('a = 5;\n',
-                      Convert('$var n = 5\n'
-                              'a = [[$if n > 0 [[$n]]]];\n'))
-
-
-class StripMetaCommentsTest(googletest.TestCase):
-
-  def testReturnsSameStringIfItContainsNoComment(self):
-    self.assertEquals('', StripMetaComments(''))
-    self.assertEquals(' blah ', StripMetaComments(' blah '))
-    self.assertEquals('A single $ is fine.',
-                      StripMetaComments('A single $ is fine.'))
-    self.assertEquals('multiple\nlines',
-                      StripMetaComments('multiple\nlines'))
-
-  def testStripsSimpleComment(self):
-    self.assertEquals('yes\n', StripMetaComments('yes $$ or no?\n'))
-
-  def testStripsSimpleCommentWithMissingNewline(self):
-    self.assertEquals('yes', StripMetaComments('yes $$ or no?'))
-
-  def testStripsPureCommentLinesEntirely(self):
-    self.assertEquals('yes\n',
-                      StripMetaComments('$$ a pure comment line.\n'
-                                        'yes $$ or no?\n'
-                                        '    $$ another comment line.\n'))
-
-  def testStripsCommentsFromMultiLineText(self):
-    self.assertEquals('multi-\n'
-                      'line\n'
-                      'text is fine.',
-                      StripMetaComments('multi- $$ comment 1\n'
-                                        'line\n'
-                                        'text is fine. $$ comment 2'))
-
-
-if __name__ == '__main__':
-  googletest.main()
diff --git a/googletest/CMakeLists.txt b/googletest/CMakeLists.txt
index 1379afb..abdd98b 100644
--- a/googletest/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/googletest/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -92,10 +92,13 @@
 
 config_compiler_and_linker()  # Defined in internal_utils.cmake.
 
+# Needed to set the namespace for both the export targets and the
+# alias libraries
+set(cmake_package_name GTest CACHE INTERNAL "")
+
 # Create the CMake package file descriptors.
 if (INSTALL_GTEST)
   include(CMakePackageConfigHelpers)
-  set(cmake_package_name GTest)
   set(targets_export_name ${cmake_package_name}Targets CACHE INTERNAL "")
   set(generated_dir "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/generated" CACHE INTERNAL "")
   set(cmake_files_install_dir "${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}/cmake/${cmake_package_name}")
diff --git a/googletest/LICENSE b/googletest/LICENSE
deleted file mode 100644
index 1941a11..0000000
--- a/googletest/LICENSE
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-Copyright 2008, Google Inc.
-All rights reserved.
-
-Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
-modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
-met:
-
-    * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
-notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
-    * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
-copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
-in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
-distribution.
-    * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
-contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
-this software without specific prior written permission.
-
-THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
-"AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
-LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
-A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
-OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
-SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
-LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
-DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
-THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
-(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
-OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
diff --git a/googletest/README.md b/googletest/README.md
index d3d8055..1f8b349 100644
--- a/googletest/README.md
+++ b/googletest/README.md
@@ -60,8 +60,8 @@
 way is to get installed libraries and headers.
 
 *   Import GoogleTest by using `find_package` (or `pkg_check_modules`). For
-    example, if `find_package(GTest CONFIG REQUIRED)` is succeed, you can use
-    the libraries as `GTest::gtest`, `GTest::gmock`.
+    example, if `find_package(GTest CONFIG REQUIRED)` succeeds, you can use the
+    libraries as `GTest::gtest`, `GTest::gmock`.
 
 And a more robust and flexible approach is to build GoogleTest as part of that
 project directly. This is done by making the GoogleTest source code available to
@@ -82,68 +82,23 @@
     possible or appropriate. Git submodules, for example, have their own set of
     advantages and drawbacks.
 *   Use CMake to download GoogleTest as part of the build's configure step. This
-    is just a little more complex, but doesn't have the limitations of the other
-    methods.
+    approach doesn't have the limitations of the other methods.
 
-The last of the above methods is implemented with a small piece of CMake code in
-a separate file (e.g. `CMakeLists.txt.in`) which is copied to the build area and
-then invoked as a sub-build _during the CMake stage_. That directory is then
-pulled into the main build with `add_subdirectory()`. For example:
+The last of the above methods is implemented with a small piece of CMake code
+that downloads and pulls the GoogleTest code into the main build.
 
-New file `CMakeLists.txt.in`:
+Just add to your `CMakeLists.txt`:
 
 ```cmake
-cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8.12)
-
-project(googletest-download NONE)
-
-include(ExternalProject)
-ExternalProject_Add(googletest
-  GIT_REPOSITORY    https://github.com/google/googletest.git
-  GIT_TAG           master
-  SOURCE_DIR        "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/googletest-src"
-  BINARY_DIR        "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/googletest-build"
-  CONFIGURE_COMMAND ""
-  BUILD_COMMAND     ""
-  INSTALL_COMMAND   ""
-  TEST_COMMAND      ""
+include(FetchContent)
+FetchContent_Declare(
+  googletest
+  # Specify the commit you depend on and update it regularly.
+  URL https://github.com/google/googletest/archive/609281088cfefc76f9d0ce82e1ff6c30cc3591e5.zip
 )
-```
-
-Existing build's `CMakeLists.txt`:
-
-```cmake
-# Download and unpack googletest at configure time
-configure_file(CMakeLists.txt.in googletest-download/CMakeLists.txt)
-execute_process(COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -G "${CMAKE_GENERATOR}" .
-  RESULT_VARIABLE result
-  WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/googletest-download )
-if(result)
-  message(FATAL_ERROR "CMake step for googletest failed: ${result}")
-endif()
-execute_process(COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} --build .
-  RESULT_VARIABLE result
-  WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/googletest-download )
-if(result)
-  message(FATAL_ERROR "Build step for googletest failed: ${result}")
-endif()
-
-# Prevent overriding the parent project's compiler/linker
-# settings on Windows
+# For Windows: Prevent overriding the parent project's compiler/linker settings
 set(gtest_force_shared_crt ON CACHE BOOL "" FORCE)
-
-# Add googletest directly to our build. This defines
-# the gtest and gtest_main targets.
-add_subdirectory(${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/googletest-src
-                 ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/googletest-build
-                 EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL)
-
-# The gtest/gtest_main targets carry header search path
-# dependencies automatically when using CMake 2.8.11 or
-# later. Otherwise we have to add them here ourselves.
-if (CMAKE_VERSION VERSION_LESS 2.8.11)
-  include_directories("${gtest_SOURCE_DIR}/include")
-endif()
+FetchContent_MakeAvailable(googletest)
 
 # Now simply link against gtest or gtest_main as needed. Eg
 add_executable(example example.cpp)
@@ -151,10 +106,8 @@
 add_test(NAME example_test COMMAND example)
 ```
 
-Note that this approach requires CMake 2.8.2 or later due to its use of the
-`ExternalProject_Add()` command. The above technique is discussed in more detail
-in [this separate article](http://crascit.com/2015/07/25/cmake-gtest/) which
-also contains a link to a fully generalized implementation of the technique.
+Note that this approach requires CMake 3.14 or later due to its use of the
+`FetchContent_MakeAvailable()` command.
 
 ##### Visual Studio Dynamic vs Static Runtimes
 
diff --git a/googletest/cmake/internal_utils.cmake b/googletest/cmake/internal_utils.cmake
index 37cf1ef..8d8d60a 100644
--- a/googletest/cmake/internal_utils.cmake
+++ b/googletest/cmake/internal_utils.cmake
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@
   if (MSVC)
     # Newlines inside flags variables break CMake's NMake generator.
     # TODO(vladl@google.com): Add -RTCs and -RTCu to debug builds.
-    set(cxx_base_flags "-GS -W4 -WX -wd4251 -wd4275 -nologo -J -Zi")
+    set(cxx_base_flags "-GS -W4 -WX -wd4251 -wd4275 -nologo -J")
     set(cxx_base_flags "${cxx_base_flags} -D_UNICODE -DUNICODE -DWIN32 -D_WIN32")
     set(cxx_base_flags "${cxx_base_flags} -DSTRICT -DWIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN")
     set(cxx_exception_flags "-EHsc -D_HAS_EXCEPTIONS=1")
@@ -81,6 +81,8 @@
     # Suppress "unreachable code" warning
     # http://stackoverflow.com/questions/3232669 explains the issue.
     set(cxx_base_flags "${cxx_base_flags} -wd4702")
+    # Ensure MSVC treats source files as UTF-8 encoded.
+    set(cxx_base_flags "${cxx_base_flags} -utf-8")
   elseif (CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID STREQUAL "Clang")
     set(cxx_base_flags "-Wall -Wshadow -Werror -Wconversion")
     set(cxx_exception_flags "-fexceptions")
@@ -148,6 +150,7 @@
   # type can be either STATIC or SHARED to denote a static or shared library.
   # ARGN refers to additional arguments after 'cxx_flags'.
   add_library(${name} ${type} ${ARGN})
+  add_library(${cmake_package_name}::${name} ALIAS ${name})
   set_target_properties(${name}
     PROPERTIES
     COMPILE_FLAGS "${cxx_flags}")
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-death-test.h b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-death-test.h
index 2bd41cf..9b4d4d1 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-death-test.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-death-test.h
@@ -35,8 +35,8 @@
 // directly.
 // GOOGLETEST_CM0001 DO NOT DELETE
 
-#ifndef GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_DEATH_TEST_H_
-#define GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_DEATH_TEST_H_
+#ifndef GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_DEATH_TEST_H_
+#define GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_DEATH_TEST_H_
 
 #include "gtest/internal/gtest-death-test-internal.h"
 
@@ -97,6 +97,10 @@
 //
 //   ASSERT_EXIT(client.HangUpServer(), KilledBySIGHUP, "Hanging up!");
 //
+// The final parameter to each of these macros is a matcher applied to any data
+// the sub-process wrote to stderr.  For compatibility with existing tests, a
+// bare string is interpreted as a regular expression matcher.
+//
 // On the regular expressions used in death tests:
 //
 //   GOOGLETEST_CM0005 DO NOT DELETE
@@ -162,27 +166,27 @@
 //   directory in PATH.
 //
 
-// Asserts that a given statement causes the program to exit, with an
-// integer exit status that satisfies predicate, and emitting error output
-// that matches regex.
-# define ASSERT_EXIT(statement, predicate, regex) \
-    GTEST_DEATH_TEST_(statement, predicate, regex, GTEST_FATAL_FAILURE_)
+// Asserts that a given `statement` causes the program to exit, with an
+// integer exit status that satisfies `predicate`, and emitting error output
+// that matches `matcher`.
+# define ASSERT_EXIT(statement, predicate, matcher) \
+    GTEST_DEATH_TEST_(statement, predicate, matcher, GTEST_FATAL_FAILURE_)
 
-// Like ASSERT_EXIT, but continues on to successive tests in the
+// Like `ASSERT_EXIT`, but continues on to successive tests in the
 // test suite, if any:
-# define EXPECT_EXIT(statement, predicate, regex) \
-    GTEST_DEATH_TEST_(statement, predicate, regex, GTEST_NONFATAL_FAILURE_)
+# define EXPECT_EXIT(statement, predicate, matcher) \
+    GTEST_DEATH_TEST_(statement, predicate, matcher, GTEST_NONFATAL_FAILURE_)
 
-// Asserts that a given statement causes the program to exit, either by
+// Asserts that a given `statement` causes the program to exit, either by
 // explicitly exiting with a nonzero exit code or being killed by a
-// signal, and emitting error output that matches regex.
-# define ASSERT_DEATH(statement, regex) \
-    ASSERT_EXIT(statement, ::testing::internal::ExitedUnsuccessfully, regex)
+// signal, and emitting error output that matches `matcher`.
+# define ASSERT_DEATH(statement, matcher) \
+    ASSERT_EXIT(statement, ::testing::internal::ExitedUnsuccessfully, matcher)
 
-// Like ASSERT_DEATH, but continues on to successive tests in the
+// Like `ASSERT_DEATH`, but continues on to successive tests in the
 // test suite, if any:
-# define EXPECT_DEATH(statement, regex) \
-    EXPECT_EXIT(statement, ::testing::internal::ExitedUnsuccessfully, regex)
+# define EXPECT_DEATH(statement, matcher) \
+    EXPECT_EXIT(statement, ::testing::internal::ExitedUnsuccessfully, matcher)
 
 // Two predicate classes that can be used in {ASSERT,EXPECT}_EXIT*:
 
@@ -339,4 +343,4 @@
 
 }  // namespace testing
 
-#endif  // GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_DEATH_TEST_H_
+#endif  // GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_DEATH_TEST_H_
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h
index fd8d9c6..9fa34a0 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h
@@ -32,12 +32,8 @@
 // This file implements just enough of the matcher interface to allow
 // EXPECT_DEATH and friends to accept a matcher argument.
 
-// IWYU pragma: private, include "testing/base/public/gunit.h"
-// IWYU pragma: friend third_party/googletest/googlemock/.*
-// IWYU pragma: friend third_party/googletest/googletest/.*
-
-#ifndef GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_MATCHERS_H_
-#define GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_MATCHERS_H_
+#ifndef GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_MATCHERS_H_
+#define GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_MATCHERS_H_
 
 #include <atomic>
 #include <memory>
@@ -67,6 +63,7 @@
 //   1. a class FooMatcherMatcher that implements the matcher interface:
 //     using is_gtest_matcher = void;
 //     bool MatchAndExplain(const T&, std::ostream*);
+//       (MatchResultListener* can also be used instead of std::ostream*)
 //     void DescribeTo(std::ostream*);
 //     void DescribeNegationTo(std::ostream*);
 //
@@ -109,7 +106,7 @@
 
 // An instance of a subclass of this knows how to describe itself as a
 // matcher.
-class MatcherDescriberInterface {
+class GTEST_API_ MatcherDescriberInterface {
  public:
   virtual ~MatcherDescriberInterface() {}
 
@@ -930,4 +927,4 @@
 
 GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_()  //  4251 5046
 
-#endif  // GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_MATCHERS_H_
+#endif  // GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_MATCHERS_H_
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-message.h b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-message.h
index 2189923..becfd49 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-message.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-message.h
@@ -44,8 +44,8 @@
 
 // GOOGLETEST_CM0001 DO NOT DELETE
 
-#ifndef GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_MESSAGE_H_
-#define GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_MESSAGE_H_
+#ifndef GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_MESSAGE_H_
+#define GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_MESSAGE_H_
 
 #include <limits>
 #include <memory>
@@ -216,4 +216,4 @@
 
 GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_()  //  4251
 
-#endif  // GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_MESSAGE_H_
+#endif  // GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_MESSAGE_H_
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-param-test.h b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-param-test.h
index 9a60b76..804e702 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-param-test.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-param-test.h
@@ -30,12 +30,9 @@
 // Macros and functions for implementing parameterized tests
 // in Google C++ Testing and Mocking Framework (Google Test)
 //
-// This file is generated by a SCRIPT.  DO NOT EDIT BY HAND!
-//
 // GOOGLETEST_CM0001 DO NOT DELETE
-#ifndef GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_PARAM_TEST_H_
-#define GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_PARAM_TEST_H_
-
+#ifndef GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_PARAM_TEST_H_
+#define GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_PARAM_TEST_H_
 
 // Value-parameterized tests allow you to test your code with different
 // parameters without writing multiple copies of the same test.
@@ -371,8 +368,6 @@
 //     std::tuple<T1, T2, ..., TN> where T1, T2, ..., TN are the types
 //     of elements from sequences produces by gen1, gen2, ..., genN.
 //
-// Combine can have up to 10 arguments.
-//
 // Example:
 //
 // This will instantiate tests in test suite AnimalTest each one with
@@ -509,4 +504,4 @@
 
 }  // namespace testing
 
-#endif  // GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_PARAM_TEST_H_
+#endif  // GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_PARAM_TEST_H_
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-printers.h b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-printers.h
index 37e949b..8a3431d 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-printers.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-printers.h
@@ -97,8 +97,8 @@
 
 // GOOGLETEST_CM0001 DO NOT DELETE
 
-#ifndef GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_PRINTERS_H_
-#define GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_PRINTERS_H_
+#ifndef GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_PRINTERS_H_
+#define GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_PRINTERS_H_
 
 #include <functional>
 #include <memory>
@@ -360,7 +360,7 @@
 GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_POINTER_(const char);
 GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_POINTER_(wchar_t);
 GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_POINTER_(const wchar_t);
-#ifdef __cpp_char8_t
+#ifdef __cpp_lib_char8_t
 GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_POINTER_(char8_t);
 GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_POINTER_(const char8_t);
 #endif
@@ -500,24 +500,21 @@
   PrintTo(ImplicitCast_<const void*>(s), os);
 }
 #ifdef __cpp_char8_t
-inline void PrintTo(const char8_t* s, ::std::ostream* os) {
-  PrintTo(ImplicitCast_<const void*>(s), os);
-}
+// Overloads for u8 strings.
+GTEST_API_ void PrintTo(const char8_t* s, ::std::ostream* os);
 inline void PrintTo(char8_t* s, ::std::ostream* os) {
-  PrintTo(ImplicitCast_<const void*>(s), os);
+  PrintTo(ImplicitCast_<const char8_t*>(s), os);
 }
 #endif
-inline void PrintTo(const char16_t* s, ::std::ostream* os) {
-  PrintTo(ImplicitCast_<const void*>(s), os);
-}
+// Overloads for u16 strings.
+GTEST_API_ void PrintTo(const char16_t* s, ::std::ostream* os);
 inline void PrintTo(char16_t* s, ::std::ostream* os) {
-  PrintTo(ImplicitCast_<const void*>(s), os);
+  PrintTo(ImplicitCast_<const char16_t*>(s), os);
 }
-inline void PrintTo(const char32_t* s, ::std::ostream* os) {
-  PrintTo(ImplicitCast_<const void*>(s), os);
-}
+// Overloads for u32 strings.
+GTEST_API_ void PrintTo(const char32_t* s, ::std::ostream* os);
 inline void PrintTo(char32_t* s, ::std::ostream* os) {
-  PrintTo(ImplicitCast_<const void*>(s), os);
+  PrintTo(ImplicitCast_<const char32_t*>(s), os);
 }
 
 // MSVC can be configured to define wchar_t as a typedef of unsigned
@@ -553,6 +550,26 @@
   PrintStringTo(s, os);
 }
 
+// Overloads for ::std::u8string
+#ifdef __cpp_char8_t
+GTEST_API_ void PrintU8StringTo(const ::std::u8string& s, ::std::ostream* os);
+inline void PrintTo(const ::std::u8string& s, ::std::ostream* os) {
+  PrintU8StringTo(s, os);
+}
+#endif
+
+// Overloads for ::std::u16string
+GTEST_API_ void PrintU16StringTo(const ::std::u16string& s, ::std::ostream* os);
+inline void PrintTo(const ::std::u16string& s, ::std::ostream* os) {
+  PrintU16StringTo(s, os);
+}
+
+// Overloads for ::std::u32string
+GTEST_API_ void PrintU32StringTo(const ::std::u32string& s, ::std::ostream* os);
+inline void PrintTo(const ::std::u32string& s, ::std::ostream* os) {
+  PrintU32StringTo(s, os);
+}
+
 // Overloads for ::std::wstring.
 #if GTEST_HAS_STD_WSTRING
 GTEST_API_ void PrintWideStringTo(const ::std::wstring&s, ::std::ostream* os);
@@ -677,6 +694,10 @@
   GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_()
 };
 
+// Remove any const-qualifiers before passing a type to UniversalPrinter.
+template <typename T>
+class UniversalPrinter<const T> : public UniversalPrinter<T> {};
+
 #if GTEST_INTERNAL_HAS_ANY
 
 // Printer for std::any / absl::any
@@ -784,6 +805,20 @@
 GTEST_API_ void UniversalPrintArray(
     const char* begin, size_t len, ::std::ostream* os);
 
+#ifdef __cpp_char8_t
+// This overload prints a (const) char8_t array compactly.
+GTEST_API_ void UniversalPrintArray(const char8_t* begin, size_t len,
+                                    ::std::ostream* os);
+#endif
+
+// This overload prints a (const) char16_t array compactly.
+GTEST_API_ void UniversalPrintArray(const char16_t* begin, size_t len,
+                                    ::std::ostream* os);
+
+// This overload prints a (const) char32_t array compactly.
+GTEST_API_ void UniversalPrintArray(const char32_t* begin, size_t len,
+                                    ::std::ostream* os);
+
 // This overload prints a (const) wchar_t array compactly.
 GTEST_API_ void UniversalPrintArray(
     const wchar_t* begin, size_t len, ::std::ostream* os);
@@ -856,12 +891,55 @@
   }
 };
 template <>
-class UniversalTersePrinter<char*> {
+class UniversalTersePrinter<char*> : public UniversalTersePrinter<const char*> {
+};
+
+#ifdef __cpp_char8_t
+template <>
+class UniversalTersePrinter<const char8_t*> {
  public:
-  static void Print(char* str, ::std::ostream* os) {
-    UniversalTersePrinter<const char*>::Print(str, os);
+  static void Print(const char8_t* str, ::std::ostream* os) {
+    if (str == nullptr) {
+      *os << "NULL";
+    } else {
+      UniversalPrint(::std::u8string(str), os);
+    }
   }
 };
+template <>
+class UniversalTersePrinter<char8_t*>
+    : public UniversalTersePrinter<const char8_t*> {};
+#endif
+
+template <>
+class UniversalTersePrinter<const char16_t*> {
+ public:
+  static void Print(const char16_t* str, ::std::ostream* os) {
+    if (str == nullptr) {
+      *os << "NULL";
+    } else {
+      UniversalPrint(::std::u16string(str), os);
+    }
+  }
+};
+template <>
+class UniversalTersePrinter<char16_t*>
+    : public UniversalTersePrinter<const char16_t*> {};
+
+template <>
+class UniversalTersePrinter<const char32_t*> {
+ public:
+  static void Print(const char32_t* str, ::std::ostream* os) {
+    if (str == nullptr) {
+      *os << "NULL";
+    } else {
+      UniversalPrint(::std::u32string(str), os);
+    }
+  }
+};
+template <>
+class UniversalTersePrinter<char32_t*>
+    : public UniversalTersePrinter<const char32_t*> {};
 
 #if GTEST_HAS_STD_WSTRING
 template <>
@@ -948,4 +1026,4 @@
 // declarations from this file.
 #include "gtest/internal/custom/gtest-printers.h"
 
-#endif  // GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_PRINTERS_H_
+#endif  // GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_PRINTERS_H_
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-spi.h b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-spi.h
index aa38870..eacef44 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-spi.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-spi.h
@@ -33,8 +33,8 @@
 
 // GOOGLETEST_CM0004 DO NOT DELETE
 
-#ifndef GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_SPI_H_
-#define GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_SPI_H_
+#ifndef GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_SPI_H_
+#define GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_SPI_H_
 
 #include "gtest/gtest.h"
 
@@ -235,4 +235,4 @@
     }\
   } while (::testing::internal::AlwaysFalse())
 
-#endif  // GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_SPI_H_
+#endif  // GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_SPI_H_
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-test-part.h b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-test-part.h
index 05a7985..203fdf9 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-test-part.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-test-part.h
@@ -29,8 +29,8 @@
 //
 // GOOGLETEST_CM0001 DO NOT DELETE
 
-#ifndef GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_TEST_PART_H_
-#define GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_TEST_PART_H_
+#ifndef GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_TEST_PART_H_
+#define GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_TEST_PART_H_
 
 #include <iosfwd>
 #include <vector>
@@ -181,4 +181,4 @@
 
 GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_()  //  4251
 
-#endif  // GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_TEST_PART_H_
+#endif  // GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_TEST_PART_H_
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-typed-test.h b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-typed-test.h
index 3ffa50b..9fdc6be 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-typed-test.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest-typed-test.h
@@ -29,8 +29,8 @@
 
 // GOOGLETEST_CM0001 DO NOT DELETE
 
-#ifndef GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_TYPED_TEST_H_
-#define GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_TYPED_TEST_H_
+#ifndef GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_TYPED_TEST_H_
+#define GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_TYPED_TEST_H_
 
 // This header implements typed tests and type-parameterized tests.
 
@@ -175,8 +175,6 @@
 
 // Implements typed tests.
 
-#if GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST
-
 // INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN USER CODE.
 //
 // Expands to the name of the typedef for the type parameters of the
@@ -230,12 +228,8 @@
   TYPED_TEST_SUITE
 #endif  // GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
 
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST
-
 // Implements type-parameterized tests.
 
-#if GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST_P
-
 // INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN USER CODE.
 //
 // Expands to the namespace name that the type-parameterized tests for
@@ -332,6 +326,4 @@
   INSTANTIATE_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P
 #endif  // GTEST_REMOVE_LEGACY_TEST_CASEAPI_
 
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST_P
-
-#endif  // GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_TYPED_TEST_H_
+#endif  // GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_TYPED_TEST_H_
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest.h b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest.h
index b3d4041..7a5d057 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest.h
@@ -49,8 +49,8 @@
 
 // GOOGLETEST_CM0001 DO NOT DELETE
 
-#ifndef GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_H_
-#define GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_H_
+#ifndef GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_H_
+#define GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_H_
 
 #include <cstddef>
 #include <limits>
@@ -673,7 +673,7 @@
 
   // Protects mutable state of the property vector and of owned
   // properties, whose values may be updated.
-  internal::Mutex test_properites_mutex_;
+  internal::Mutex test_properties_mutex_;
 
   // The vector of TestPartResults
   std::vector<TestPartResult> test_part_results_;
@@ -1549,14 +1549,6 @@
   return CmpHelperEQFailure(lhs_expression, rhs_expression, lhs, rhs);
 }
 
-// With this overloaded version, we allow anonymous enums to be used
-// in {ASSERT|EXPECT}_EQ when compiled with gcc 4, as anonymous enums
-// can be implicitly cast to BiggestInt.
-GTEST_API_ AssertionResult CmpHelperEQ(const char* lhs_expression,
-                                       const char* rhs_expression,
-                                       BiggestInt lhs,
-                                       BiggestInt rhs);
-
 class EqHelper {
  public:
   // This templatized version is for the general case.
@@ -1613,11 +1605,6 @@
 // ASSERT_?? and EXPECT_??.  It is here just to avoid copy-and-paste
 // of similar code.
 //
-// For each templatized helper function, we also define an overloaded
-// version for BiggestInt in order to reduce code bloat and allow
-// anonymous enums to be used with {ASSERT|EXPECT}_?? when compiled
-// with gcc 4.
-//
 // INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN A USER PROGRAM.
 
 #define GTEST_IMPL_CMP_HELPER_(op_name, op)\
@@ -1629,22 +1616,20 @@
   } else {\
     return CmpHelperOpFailure(expr1, expr2, val1, val2, #op);\
   }\
-}\
-GTEST_API_ AssertionResult CmpHelper##op_name(\
-    const char* expr1, const char* expr2, BiggestInt val1, BiggestInt val2)
+}
 
 // INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN A USER PROGRAM.
 
 // Implements the helper function for {ASSERT|EXPECT}_NE
-GTEST_IMPL_CMP_HELPER_(NE, !=);
+GTEST_IMPL_CMP_HELPER_(NE, !=)
 // Implements the helper function for {ASSERT|EXPECT}_LE
-GTEST_IMPL_CMP_HELPER_(LE, <=);
+GTEST_IMPL_CMP_HELPER_(LE, <=)
 // Implements the helper function for {ASSERT|EXPECT}_LT
-GTEST_IMPL_CMP_HELPER_(LT, <);
+GTEST_IMPL_CMP_HELPER_(LT, <)
 // Implements the helper function for {ASSERT|EXPECT}_GE
-GTEST_IMPL_CMP_HELPER_(GE, >=);
+GTEST_IMPL_CMP_HELPER_(GE, >=)
 // Implements the helper function for {ASSERT|EXPECT}_GT
-GTEST_IMPL_CMP_HELPER_(GT, >);
+GTEST_IMPL_CMP_HELPER_(GT, >)
 
 #undef GTEST_IMPL_CMP_HELPER_
 
@@ -1977,19 +1962,38 @@
 // Boolean assertions. Condition can be either a Boolean expression or an
 // AssertionResult. For more information on how to use AssertionResult with
 // these macros see comments on that class.
-#define EXPECT_TRUE(condition) \
+#define GTEST_EXPECT_TRUE(condition) \
   GTEST_TEST_BOOLEAN_(condition, #condition, false, true, \
                       GTEST_NONFATAL_FAILURE_)
-#define EXPECT_FALSE(condition) \
+#define GTEST_EXPECT_FALSE(condition) \
   GTEST_TEST_BOOLEAN_(!(condition), #condition, true, false, \
                       GTEST_NONFATAL_FAILURE_)
-#define ASSERT_TRUE(condition) \
+#define GTEST_ASSERT_TRUE(condition) \
   GTEST_TEST_BOOLEAN_(condition, #condition, false, true, \
                       GTEST_FATAL_FAILURE_)
-#define ASSERT_FALSE(condition) \
+#define GTEST_ASSERT_FALSE(condition) \
   GTEST_TEST_BOOLEAN_(!(condition), #condition, true, false, \
                       GTEST_FATAL_FAILURE_)
 
+// Define these macros to 1 to omit the definition of the corresponding
+// EXPECT or ASSERT, which clashes with some users' own code.
+
+#if !GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_EXPECT_TRUE
+#define EXPECT_TRUE(condition) GTEST_EXPECT_TRUE(condition)
+#endif
+
+#if !GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_EXPECT_FALSE
+#define EXPECT_FALSE(condition) GTEST_EXPECT_FALSE(condition)
+#endif
+
+#if !GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_ASSERT_TRUE
+#define ASSERT_TRUE(condition) GTEST_ASSERT_TRUE(condition)
+#endif
+
+#if !GTEST_DONT_DEFINE_ASSERT_FALSE
+#define ASSERT_FALSE(condition) GTEST_ASSERT_FALSE(condition)
+#endif
+
 // Macros for testing equalities and inequalities.
 //
 //    * {ASSERT|EXPECT}_EQ(v1, v2): Tests that v1 == v2
@@ -2488,4 +2492,4 @@
 
 GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_()  //  4251
 
-#endif  // GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_H_
+#endif  // GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_H_
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest_pred_impl.h b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest_pred_impl.h
index d514255..5029a9b 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest_pred_impl.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest_pred_impl.h
@@ -33,8 +33,8 @@
 // Implements a family of generic predicate assertion macros.
 // GOOGLETEST_CM0001 DO NOT DELETE
 
-#ifndef GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_PRED_IMPL_H_
-#define GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_PRED_IMPL_H_
+#ifndef GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_PRED_IMPL_H_
+#define GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_PRED_IMPL_H_
 
 #include "gtest/gtest.h"
 
@@ -356,4 +356,4 @@
 
 }  // namespace testing
 
-#endif  // GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_PRED_IMPL_H_
+#endif  // GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_PRED_IMPL_H_
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest_prod.h b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest_prod.h
index e651671..38b9d85 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/gtest_prod.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/gtest_prod.h
@@ -31,8 +31,8 @@
 // Google C++ Testing and Mocking Framework definitions useful in production code.
 // GOOGLETEST_CM0003 DO NOT DELETE
 
-#ifndef GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_PROD_H_
-#define GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_PROD_H_
+#ifndef GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_PROD_H_
+#define GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_PROD_H_
 
 // When you need to test the private or protected members of a class,
 // use the FRIEND_TEST macro to declare your tests as friends of the
@@ -58,4 +58,4 @@
 #define FRIEND_TEST(test_case_name, test_name)\
 friend class test_case_name##_##test_name##_Test
 
-#endif  // GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_PROD_H_
+#endif  // GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_PROD_H_
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/custom/gtest-port.h b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/custom/gtest-port.h
index cd85d95..db02881 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/custom/gtest-port.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/custom/gtest-port.h
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
 //
 // ** Custom implementation starts here **
 
-#ifndef GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GTEST_PORT_H_
-#define GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GTEST_PORT_H_
+#ifndef GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GTEST_PORT_H_
+#define GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GTEST_PORT_H_
 
-#endif  // GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GTEST_PORT_H_
+#endif  // GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GTEST_PORT_H_
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/custom/gtest-printers.h b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/custom/gtest-printers.h
index eb4467a..b9495d8 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/custom/gtest-printers.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/custom/gtest-printers.h
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
 //
 // ** Custom implementation starts here **
 
-#ifndef GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GTEST_PRINTERS_H_
-#define GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GTEST_PRINTERS_H_
+#ifndef GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GTEST_PRINTERS_H_
+#define GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GTEST_PRINTERS_H_
 
-#endif  // GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GTEST_PRINTERS_H_
+#endif  // GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GTEST_PRINTERS_H_
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/custom/gtest.h b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/custom/gtest.h
index 4c8e07b..afaaf17 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/custom/gtest.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/custom/gtest.h
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
 //
 // ** Custom implementation starts here **
 
-#ifndef GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GTEST_H_
-#define GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GTEST_H_
+#ifndef GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GTEST_H_
+#define GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GTEST_H_
 
-#endif  // GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GTEST_H_
+#endif  // GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GTEST_H_
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-death-test-internal.h b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-death-test-internal.h
index 68bd353..490296d 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-death-test-internal.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-death-test-internal.h
@@ -33,8 +33,8 @@
 // death tests.  They are subject to change without notice.
 // GOOGLETEST_CM0001 DO NOT DELETE
 
-#ifndef GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_DEATH_TEST_INTERNAL_H_
-#define GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_DEATH_TEST_INTERNAL_H_
+#ifndef GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_DEATH_TEST_INTERNAL_H_
+#define GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_DEATH_TEST_INTERNAL_H_
 
 #include "gtest/gtest-matchers.h"
 #include "gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h"
@@ -301,4 +301,4 @@
 }  // namespace internal
 }  // namespace testing
 
-#endif  // GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_DEATH_TEST_INTERNAL_H_
+#endif  // GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_DEATH_TEST_INTERNAL_H_
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-filepath.h b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-filepath.h
index c11b101..0c033ab 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-filepath.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-filepath.h
@@ -37,8 +37,8 @@
 
 // GOOGLETEST_CM0001 DO NOT DELETE
 
-#ifndef GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_FILEPATH_H_
-#define GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_FILEPATH_H_
+#ifndef GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_FILEPATH_H_
+#define GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_FILEPATH_H_
 
 #include "gtest/internal/gtest-string.h"
 
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@
 
   void Normalize();
 
-  // Returns a pointer to the last occurence of a valid path separator in
+  // Returns a pointer to the last occurrence of a valid path separator in
   // the FilePath. On Windows, for example, both '/' and '\' are valid path
   // separators. Returns NULL if no path separator was found.
   const char* FindLastPathSeparator() const;
@@ -208,4 +208,4 @@
 
 GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_()  //  4251
 
-#endif  // GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_FILEPATH_H_
+#endif  // GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_FILEPATH_H_
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h
index 8dc74bb..f8cbdbd 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h
@@ -34,8 +34,8 @@
 
 // GOOGLETEST_CM0001 DO NOT DELETE
 
-#ifndef GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_INTERNAL_H_
-#define GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_INTERNAL_H_
+#ifndef GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_INTERNAL_H_
+#define GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_INTERNAL_H_
 
 #include "gtest/internal/gtest-port.h"
 
@@ -590,8 +590,6 @@
 // and returns false.  None of pstr, *pstr, and prefix can be NULL.
 GTEST_API_ bool SkipPrefix(const char* prefix, const char** pstr);
 
-#if GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST || GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST_P
-
 GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_PUSH_(4251 \
 /* class A needs to have dll-interface to be used by clients of class B */)
 
@@ -823,8 +821,6 @@
   }
 };
 
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST || GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST_P
-
 // Returns the current OS stack trace as an std::string.
 //
 // The maximum number of stack frames to be included is specified by
@@ -899,16 +895,16 @@
 class HasDebugStringAndShortDebugString {
  private:
   template <typename C>
-  static constexpr auto CheckDebugString(C*) -> typename std::is_same<
+  static auto CheckDebugString(C*) -> typename std::is_same<
       std::string, decltype(std::declval<const C>().DebugString())>::type;
   template <typename>
-  static constexpr std::false_type CheckDebugString(...);
+  static std::false_type CheckDebugString(...);
 
   template <typename C>
-  static constexpr auto CheckShortDebugString(C*) -> typename std::is_same<
+  static auto CheckShortDebugString(C*) -> typename std::is_same<
       std::string, decltype(std::declval<const C>().ShortDebugString())>::type;
   template <typename>
-  static constexpr std::false_type CheckShortDebugString(...);
+  static std::false_type CheckShortDebugString(...);
 
   using HasDebugStringType = decltype(CheckDebugString<T>(nullptr));
   using HasShortDebugStringType = decltype(CheckShortDebugString<T>(nullptr));
@@ -1499,7 +1495,7 @@
 
 // Implements Boolean test assertions such as EXPECT_TRUE. expression can be
 // either a boolean expression or an AssertionResult. text is a textual
-// represenation of expression as it was passed into the EXPECT_TRUE.
+// representation of expression as it was passed into the EXPECT_TRUE.
 #define GTEST_TEST_BOOLEAN_(expression, text, actual, expected, fail) \
   GTEST_AMBIGUOUS_ELSE_BLOCKER_ \
   if (const ::testing::AssertionResult gtest_ar_ = \
@@ -1561,4 +1557,4 @@
               test_suite_name, test_name)>);                                  \
   void GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(test_suite_name, test_name)::TestBody()
 
-#endif  // GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_INTERNAL_H_
+#endif  // GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_INTERNAL_H_
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-param-util.h b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-param-util.h
index d12bd55..c2ef6e3 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-param-util.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-param-util.h
@@ -32,8 +32,8 @@
 
 // GOOGLETEST_CM0001 DO NOT DELETE
 
-#ifndef GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_PARAM_UTIL_H_
-#define GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_PARAM_UTIL_H_
+#ifndef GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_PARAM_UTIL_H_
+#define GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_PARAM_UTIL_H_
 
 #include <ctype.h>
 
@@ -478,7 +478,7 @@
 //
 // Report a the name of a test_suit as safe to ignore
 // as the side effect of construction of this type.
-struct MarkAsIgnored {
+struct GTEST_API_ MarkAsIgnored {
   explicit MarkAsIgnored(const char* test_suite);
 };
 
@@ -654,7 +654,7 @@
 
     // Check for invalid characters
     for (std::string::size_type index = 0; index < name.size(); ++index) {
-      if (!isalnum(name[index]) && name[index] != '_')
+      if (!IsAlNum(name[index]) && name[index] != '_')
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -944,4 +944,4 @@
 }  // namespace internal
 }  // namespace testing
 
-#endif  // GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_PARAM_UTIL_H_
+#endif  // GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_PARAM_UTIL_H_
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-port-arch.h b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-port-arch.h
index a75cd5b..4dcdc89 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-port-arch.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-port-arch.h
@@ -32,8 +32,8 @@
 // This header file defines the GTEST_OS_* macro.
 // It is separate from gtest-port.h so that custom/gtest-port.h can include it.
 
-#ifndef GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_PORT_ARCH_H_
-#define GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_PORT_ARCH_H_
+#ifndef GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_PORT_ARCH_H_
+#define GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_PORT_ARCH_H_
 
 // Determines the platform on which Google Test is compiled.
 #ifdef __CYGWIN__
@@ -109,6 +109,8 @@
 #define GTEST_OS_ESP8266 1
 #elif defined ESP32
 #define GTEST_OS_ESP32 1
+#elif defined(__XTENSA__)
+#define GTEST_OS_XTENSA 1
 #endif  // __CYGWIN__
 
-#endif  // GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_PORT_ARCH_H_
+#endif  // GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_PORT_ARCH_H_
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-port.h b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-port.h
index f62f587..361354b 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-port.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-port.h
@@ -40,8 +40,8 @@
 
 // GOOGLETEST_CM0001 DO NOT DELETE
 
-#ifndef GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_PORT_H_
-#define GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_PORT_H_
+#ifndef GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_PORT_H_
+#define GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_PORT_H_
 
 // Environment-describing macros
 // -----------------------------
@@ -360,6 +360,10 @@
 // WindowsTypesTest.CRITICAL_SECTIONIs_RTL_CRITICAL_SECTION.
 typedef struct _RTL_CRITICAL_SECTION GTEST_CRITICAL_SECTION;
 #endif
+#elif GTEST_OS_XTENSA
+#include <unistd.h>
+// Xtensa toolchains define strcasecmp in the string.h header instead of
+// strings.h. string.h is already included.
 #else
 // This assumes that non-Windows OSes provide unistd.h. For OSes where this
 // is not the case, we need to include headers that provide the functions
@@ -380,7 +384,7 @@
 // On Android, <regex.h> is only available starting with Gingerbread.
 #  define GTEST_HAS_POSIX_RE (__ANDROID_API__ >= 9)
 # else
-#  define GTEST_HAS_POSIX_RE (!GTEST_OS_WINDOWS)
+#define GTEST_HAS_POSIX_RE (!GTEST_OS_WINDOWS && !GTEST_OS_XTENSA)
 # endif
 #endif
 
@@ -465,7 +469,7 @@
 // no support for it at least as recent as Froyo (2.2).
 #define GTEST_HAS_STD_WSTRING                                         \
   (!(GTEST_OS_LINUX_ANDROID || GTEST_OS_CYGWIN || GTEST_OS_SOLARIS || \
-     GTEST_OS_HAIKU || GTEST_OS_ESP32 || GTEST_OS_ESP8266))
+     GTEST_OS_HAIKU || GTEST_OS_ESP32 || GTEST_OS_ESP8266 || GTEST_OS_XTENSA))
 
 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_STD_WSTRING
 
@@ -590,7 +594,7 @@
 // By default, we assume that stream redirection is supported on all
 // platforms except known mobile ones.
 #if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE || GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_PHONE || \
-    GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_RT || GTEST_OS_ESP8266
+    GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_RT || GTEST_OS_ESP8266 || GTEST_OS_XTENSA
 #  define GTEST_HAS_STREAM_REDIRECTION 0
 # else
 #  define GTEST_HAS_STREAM_REDIRECTION 1
@@ -1939,6 +1943,19 @@
 inline bool IsXDigit(char ch) {
   return isxdigit(static_cast<unsigned char>(ch)) != 0;
 }
+#ifdef __cpp_char8_t
+inline bool IsXDigit(char8_t ch) {
+  return isxdigit(static_cast<unsigned char>(ch)) != 0;
+}
+#endif
+inline bool IsXDigit(char16_t ch) {
+  const unsigned char low_byte = static_cast<unsigned char>(ch);
+  return ch == low_byte && isxdigit(low_byte) != 0;
+}
+inline bool IsXDigit(char32_t ch) {
+  const unsigned char low_byte = static_cast<unsigned char>(ch);
+  return ch == low_byte && isxdigit(low_byte) != 0;
+}
 inline bool IsXDigit(wchar_t ch) {
   const unsigned char low_byte = static_cast<unsigned char>(ch);
   return ch == low_byte && isxdigit(low_byte) != 0;
@@ -2054,7 +2071,8 @@
 // StrError() aren't needed on Windows CE at this time and thus not
 // defined there.
 
-#if !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_PHONE && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_RT
+#if !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_PHONE && \
+    !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_RT && !GTEST_OS_ESP8266 && !GTEST_OS_XTENSA
 inline int ChDir(const char* dir) { return chdir(dir); }
 #endif
 inline FILE* FOpen(const char* path, const char* mode) {
@@ -2087,7 +2105,7 @@
 #endif
 inline const char* GetEnv(const char* name) {
 #if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE || GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_PHONE || \
-    GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_RT || GTEST_OS_ESP8266
+    GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_RT || GTEST_OS_ESP8266 || GTEST_OS_XTENSA
   // We are on an embedded platform, which has no environment variables.
   static_cast<void>(name);  // To prevent 'unused argument' warning.
   return nullptr;
@@ -2371,4 +2389,4 @@
 #endif  // __has_include
 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_ABSL
 
-#endif  // GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_PORT_H_
+#endif  // GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_PORT_H_
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-string.h b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-string.h
index 323a36e..10f774f 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-string.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-string.h
@@ -38,8 +38,8 @@
 
 // GOOGLETEST_CM0001 DO NOT DELETE
 
-#ifndef GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_STRING_H_
-#define GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_STRING_H_
+#ifndef GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_STRING_H_
+#define GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_STRING_H_
 
 #ifdef __BORLANDC__
 // string.h is not guaranteed to provide strcpy on C++ Builder.
@@ -172,4 +172,4 @@
 }  // namespace internal
 }  // namespace testing
 
-#endif  // GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_STRING_H_
+#endif  // GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_STRING_H_
diff --git a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-type-util.h b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-type-util.h
index c3326f2..b87a2e2 100644
--- a/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-type-util.h
+++ b/googletest/include/gtest/internal/gtest-type-util.h
@@ -32,8 +32,8 @@
 
 // GOOGLETEST_CM0001 DO NOT DELETE
 
-#ifndef GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_TYPE_UTIL_H_
-#define GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_TYPE_UTIL_H_
+#ifndef GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_TYPE_UTIL_H_
+#define GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_TYPE_UTIL_H_
 
 #include "gtest/internal/gtest-port.h"
 
@@ -98,8 +98,6 @@
 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_RTTI
 }
 
-#if GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST || GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST_P
-
 // A unique type indicating an empty node
 struct None {};
 
@@ -175,8 +173,6 @@
   using type = typename proxy::type;
 };
 
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST || GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST_P
-
 }  // namespace internal
 
 template <typename... Ts>
@@ -184,4 +180,4 @@
 
 }  // namespace testing
 
-#endif  // GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_TYPE_UTIL_H_
+#endif  // GOOGLETEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_TYPE_UTIL_H_
diff --git a/googletest/samples/prime_tables.h b/googletest/samples/prime_tables.h
index 34002f3..3a10352 100644
--- a/googletest/samples/prime_tables.h
+++ b/googletest/samples/prime_tables.h
@@ -33,8 +33,8 @@
 // prime and determines a next prime number. This interface is used
 // in Google Test samples demonstrating use of parameterized tests.
 
-#ifndef GTEST_SAMPLES_PRIME_TABLES_H_
-#define GTEST_SAMPLES_PRIME_TABLES_H_
+#ifndef GOOGLETEST_SAMPLES_PRIME_TABLES_H_
+#define GOOGLETEST_SAMPLES_PRIME_TABLES_H_
 
 #include <algorithm>
 
@@ -123,4 +123,4 @@
   void operator=(const PreCalculatedPrimeTable& rhs);
 };
 
-#endif  // GTEST_SAMPLES_PRIME_TABLES_H_
+#endif  // GOOGLETEST_SAMPLES_PRIME_TABLES_H_
diff --git a/googletest/samples/sample1.h b/googletest/samples/sample1.h
index 12e49de..ba392cf 100644
--- a/googletest/samples/sample1.h
+++ b/googletest/samples/sample1.h
@@ -29,8 +29,8 @@
 
 // A sample program demonstrating using Google C++ testing framework.
 
-#ifndef GTEST_SAMPLES_SAMPLE1_H_
-#define GTEST_SAMPLES_SAMPLE1_H_
+#ifndef GOOGLETEST_SAMPLES_SAMPLE1_H_
+#define GOOGLETEST_SAMPLES_SAMPLE1_H_
 
 // Returns n! (the factorial of n).  For negative n, n! is defined to be 1.
 int Factorial(int n);
@@ -38,4 +38,4 @@
 // Returns true if and only if n is a prime number.
 bool IsPrime(int n);
 
-#endif  // GTEST_SAMPLES_SAMPLE1_H_
+#endif  // GOOGLETEST_SAMPLES_SAMPLE1_H_
diff --git a/googletest/samples/sample2.h b/googletest/samples/sample2.h
index e9a5a70..0f98689 100644
--- a/googletest/samples/sample2.h
+++ b/googletest/samples/sample2.h
@@ -29,8 +29,8 @@
 
 // A sample program demonstrating using Google C++ testing framework.
 
-#ifndef GTEST_SAMPLES_SAMPLE2_H_
-#define GTEST_SAMPLES_SAMPLE2_H_
+#ifndef GOOGLETEST_SAMPLES_SAMPLE2_H_
+#define GOOGLETEST_SAMPLES_SAMPLE2_H_
 
 #include <string.h>
 
@@ -77,5 +77,4 @@
   void Set(const char* c_string);
 };
 
-
-#endif  // GTEST_SAMPLES_SAMPLE2_H_
+#endif  // GOOGLETEST_SAMPLES_SAMPLE2_H_
diff --git a/googletest/samples/sample3-inl.h b/googletest/samples/sample3-inl.h
index 80ba6b9..659e0f0 100644
--- a/googletest/samples/sample3-inl.h
+++ b/googletest/samples/sample3-inl.h
@@ -29,8 +29,8 @@
 
 // A sample program demonstrating using Google C++ testing framework.
 
-#ifndef GTEST_SAMPLES_SAMPLE3_INL_H_
-#define GTEST_SAMPLES_SAMPLE3_INL_H_
+#ifndef GOOGLETEST_SAMPLES_SAMPLE3_INL_H_
+#define GOOGLETEST_SAMPLES_SAMPLE3_INL_H_
 
 #include <stddef.h>
 
@@ -169,4 +169,4 @@
   const Queue& operator = (const Queue&);
 };
 
-#endif  // GTEST_SAMPLES_SAMPLE3_INL_H_
+#endif  // GOOGLETEST_SAMPLES_SAMPLE3_INL_H_
diff --git a/googletest/samples/sample4.h b/googletest/samples/sample4.h
index e256f40..0c4ed92 100644
--- a/googletest/samples/sample4.h
+++ b/googletest/samples/sample4.h
@@ -28,8 +28,8 @@
 // OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 
 // A sample program demonstrating using Google C++ testing framework.
-#ifndef GTEST_SAMPLES_SAMPLE4_H_
-#define GTEST_SAMPLES_SAMPLE4_H_
+#ifndef GOOGLETEST_SAMPLES_SAMPLE4_H_
+#define GOOGLETEST_SAMPLES_SAMPLE4_H_
 
 // A simple monotonic counter.
 class Counter {
@@ -50,4 +50,4 @@
   void Print() const;
 };
 
-#endif  // GTEST_SAMPLES_SAMPLE4_H_
+#endif  // GOOGLETEST_SAMPLES_SAMPLE4_H_
diff --git a/googletest/samples/sample6_unittest.cc b/googletest/samples/sample6_unittest.cc
index 0266e27..da317ee 100644
--- a/googletest/samples/sample6_unittest.cc
+++ b/googletest/samples/sample6_unittest.cc
@@ -73,8 +73,6 @@
   PrimeTable* const table_;
 };
 
-#if GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST
-
 using testing::Types;
 
 // Google Test offers two ways for reusing tests for different types.
@@ -134,10 +132,6 @@
 // in the type list specified in TYPED_TEST_SUITE.  Sit back and be
 // happy that you don't have to define them multiple times.
 
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST
-
-#if GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST_P
-
 using testing::Types;
 
 // Sometimes, however, you don't yet know all the types that you want
@@ -220,5 +214,4 @@
                                PrimeTableTest2,             // Test case name
                                PrimeTableImplementations);  // Type list
 
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST_P
 }  // namespace
diff --git a/googletest/scripts/release_docs.py b/googletest/scripts/release_docs.py
index 1291347..8d24f28 100755
--- a/googletest/scripts/release_docs.py
+++ b/googletest/scripts/release_docs.py
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@
        interlinked wiki files.  When we release a new version of
        Google Test or Google Mock, we need to branch the wiki files
        such that users of a specific version of Google Test/Mock can
-       look up documenation relevant for that version.  This script
+       look up documentation relevant for that version.  This script
        automates that process by:
 
          - branching the current wiki pages (which document the
diff --git a/googletest/src/gtest-death-test.cc b/googletest/src/gtest-death-test.cc
index ecc47d1..bf4f633 100644
--- a/googletest/src/gtest-death-test.cc
+++ b/googletest/src/gtest-death-test.cc
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@
     msg << "detected " << thread_count << " threads.";
   }
   msg << " See "
-         "https://github.com/google/googletest/blob/master/googletest/docs/"
+         "https://github.com/google/googletest/blob/master/docs/"
          "advanced.md#death-tests-and-threads"
       << " for more explanation and suggested solutions, especially if"
       << " this is the last message you see before your test times out.";
@@ -865,7 +865,7 @@
   }
 
   int size() {
-    return args_.size() - 1;
+    return static_cast<int>(args_.size()) - 1;
   }
 
  private:
@@ -954,12 +954,12 @@
   ReadAndInterpretStatusByte();
 
   zx_info_process_t buffer;
-  status_zx = child_process_.get_info(
-      ZX_INFO_PROCESS, &buffer, sizeof(buffer), nullptr, nullptr);
+  status_zx = child_process_.get_info(ZX_INFO_PROCESS, &buffer, sizeof(buffer),
+                                      nullptr, nullptr);
   GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_(status_zx == ZX_OK);
 
-  GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_(buffer.exited);
-  set_status(buffer.return_code);
+  GTEST_DEATH_TEST_CHECK_(buffer.flags & ZX_INFO_PROCESS_FLAG_EXITED);
+  set_status(static_cast<int>(buffer.return_code));
   return status();
 }
 
diff --git a/googletest/src/gtest-filepath.cc b/googletest/src/gtest-filepath.cc
index af29768..0b56294 100644
--- a/googletest/src/gtest-filepath.cc
+++ b/googletest/src/gtest-filepath.cc
@@ -92,8 +92,9 @@
 
 // Returns the current working directory, or "" if unsuccessful.
 FilePath FilePath::GetCurrentDir() {
-#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE || GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_PHONE || \
-    GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_RT || GTEST_OS_ESP8266 || GTEST_OS_ESP32
+#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE || GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_PHONE ||         \
+    GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_RT || GTEST_OS_ESP8266 || GTEST_OS_ESP32 || \
+    GTEST_OS_XTENSA
   // These platforms do not have a current directory, so we just return
   // something reasonable.
   return FilePath(kCurrentDirectoryString);
@@ -209,7 +210,7 @@
   delete [] unicode;
   return attributes != kInvalidFileAttributes;
 #else
-  posix::StatStruct file_stat;
+  posix::StatStruct file_stat{};
   return posix::Stat(pathname_.c_str(), &file_stat) == 0;
 #endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
 }
@@ -236,7 +237,7 @@
     result = true;
   }
 #else
-  posix::StatStruct file_stat;
+  posix::StatStruct file_stat{};
   result = posix::Stat(path.c_str(), &file_stat) == 0 &&
       posix::IsDir(file_stat);
 #endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
@@ -323,7 +324,7 @@
   delete [] unicode;
 #elif GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
   int result = _mkdir(pathname_.c_str());
-#elif GTEST_OS_ESP8266
+#elif GTEST_OS_ESP8266 || GTEST_OS_XTENSA
   // do nothing
   int result = 0;
 #else
diff --git a/googletest/src/gtest-internal-inl.h b/googletest/src/gtest-internal-inl.h
index 38306c8..6d8cecb 100644
--- a/googletest/src/gtest-internal-inl.h
+++ b/googletest/src/gtest-internal-inl.h
@@ -31,8 +31,8 @@
 // This file contains purely Google Test's internal implementation.  Please
 // DO NOT #INCLUDE IT IN A USER PROGRAM.
 
-#ifndef GTEST_SRC_GTEST_INTERNAL_INL_H_
-#define GTEST_SRC_GTEST_INTERNAL_INL_H_
+#ifndef GOOGLETEST_SRC_GTEST_INTERNAL_INL_H_
+#define GOOGLETEST_SRC_GTEST_INTERNAL_INL_H_
 
 #ifndef _WIN32_WCE
 # include <errno.h>
@@ -394,13 +394,6 @@
 
   // Functions for processing the gtest_filter flag.
 
-  // Returns true if and only if the wildcard pattern matches the string.
-  // The first ':' or '\0' character in pattern marks the end of it.
-  //
-  // This recursive algorithm isn't very efficient, but is clear and
-  // works well enough for matching test names, which are short.
-  static bool PatternMatchesString(const char *pattern, const char *str);
-
   // Returns true if and only if the user-specified filter matches the test
   // suite name and the test name.
   static bool FilterMatchesTest(const std::string& test_suite_name,
@@ -1171,13 +1164,13 @@
   }
 
   // Note that "event=TestCaseStart" is a wire format and has to remain
-  // "case" for compatibilty
+  // "case" for compatibility
   void OnTestCaseStart(const TestCase& test_case) override {
     SendLn(std::string("event=TestCaseStart&name=") + test_case.name());
   }
 
   // Note that "event=TestCaseEnd" is a wire format and has to remain
-  // "case" for compatibilty
+  // "case" for compatibility
   void OnTestCaseEnd(const TestCase& test_case) override {
     SendLn("event=TestCaseEnd&passed=" + FormatBool(test_case.Passed()) +
            "&elapsed_time=" + StreamableToString(test_case.elapsed_time()) +
@@ -1225,4 +1218,4 @@
 
 GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_()  //  4251
 
-#endif  // GTEST_SRC_GTEST_INTERNAL_INL_H_
+#endif  // GOOGLETEST_SRC_GTEST_INTERNAL_INL_H_
diff --git a/googletest/src/gtest-port.cc b/googletest/src/gtest-port.cc
index 989c59a..c3c93e6 100644
--- a/googletest/src/gtest-port.cc
+++ b/googletest/src/gtest-port.cc
@@ -688,8 +688,8 @@
   static Mutex thread_map_mutex_;
 };
 
-Mutex ThreadLocalRegistryImpl::mutex_(Mutex::kStaticMutex);
-Mutex ThreadLocalRegistryImpl::thread_map_mutex_(Mutex::kStaticMutex);
+Mutex ThreadLocalRegistryImpl::mutex_(Mutex::kStaticMutex);  // NOLINT
+Mutex ThreadLocalRegistryImpl::thread_map_mutex_(Mutex::kStaticMutex);  // NOLINT
 
 ThreadLocalValueHolderBase* ThreadLocalRegistry::GetValueOnCurrentThread(
       const ThreadLocalBase* thread_local_instance) {
@@ -1095,9 +1095,9 @@
     filename_ = temp_file_path;
 # else
     // There's no guarantee that a test has write access to the current
-    // directory, so we create the temporary file in the /tmp directory
-    // instead. We use /tmp on most systems, and /sdcard on Android.
-    // That's because Android doesn't have /tmp.
+    // directory, so we create the temporary file in a temporary directory.
+    std::string name_template;
+
 #  if GTEST_OS_LINUX_ANDROID
     // Note: Android applications are expected to call the framework's
     // Context.getExternalStorageDirectory() method through JNI to get
@@ -1110,17 +1110,46 @@
     // The location /data/local/tmp is directly accessible from native code.
     // '/sdcard' and other variants cannot be relied on, as they are not
     // guaranteed to be mounted, or may have a delay in mounting.
-    char name_template[] = "/data/local/tmp/gtest_captured_stream.XXXXXX";
+    name_template = "/data/local/tmp/";
+#  elif GTEST_OS_IOS
+    char user_temp_dir[PATH_MAX + 1];
+
+    // Documented alternative to NSTemporaryDirectory() (for obtaining creating
+    // a temporary directory) at
+    // https://developer.apple.com/library/archive/documentation/Security/Conceptual/SecureCodingGuide/Articles/RaceConditions.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40002585-SW10
+    //
+    // _CS_DARWIN_USER_TEMP_DIR (as well as _CS_DARWIN_USER_CACHE_DIR) is not
+    // documented in the confstr() man page at
+    // https://developer.apple.com/library/archive/documentation/System/Conceptual/ManPages_iPhoneOS/man3/confstr.3.html#//apple_ref/doc/man/3/confstr
+    // but are still available, according to the WebKit patches at
+    // https://trac.webkit.org/changeset/262004/webkit
+    // https://trac.webkit.org/changeset/263705/webkit
+    //
+    // The confstr() implementation falls back to getenv("TMPDIR"). See
+    // https://opensource.apple.com/source/Libc/Libc-1439.100.3/gen/confstr.c.auto.html
+    ::confstr(_CS_DARWIN_USER_TEMP_DIR, user_temp_dir, sizeof(user_temp_dir));
+
+    name_template = user_temp_dir;
+    if (name_template.back() != GTEST_PATH_SEP_[0])
+      name_template.push_back(GTEST_PATH_SEP_[0]);
 #  else
-    char name_template[] = "/tmp/captured_stream.XXXXXX";
-#  endif  // GTEST_OS_LINUX_ANDROID
-    const int captured_fd = mkstemp(name_template);
+    name_template = "/tmp/";
+#  endif
+    name_template.append("gtest_captured_stream.XXXXXX");
+
+    // mkstemp() modifies the string bytes in place, and does not go beyond the
+    // string's length. This results in well-defined behavior in C++17.
+    //
+    // The const_cast is needed below C++17. The constraints on std::string
+    // implementations in C++11 and above make assumption behind the const_cast
+    // fairly safe.
+    const int captured_fd = ::mkstemp(const_cast<char*>(name_template.data()));
     if (captured_fd == -1) {
       GTEST_LOG_(WARNING)
           << "Failed to create tmp file " << name_template
           << " for test; does the test have access to the /tmp directory?";
     }
-    filename_ = name_template;
+    filename_ = std::move(name_template);
 # endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
     fflush(nullptr);
     dup2(captured_fd, fd_);
diff --git a/googletest/src/gtest-printers.cc b/googletest/src/gtest-printers.cc
index 20ce1b8..1b68fcb 100644
--- a/googletest/src/gtest-printers.cc
+++ b/googletest/src/gtest-printers.cc
@@ -42,12 +42,16 @@
 // defines Foo.
 
 #include "gtest/gtest-printers.h"
+
 #include <stdio.h>
+
 #include <cctype>
 #include <cstdint>
 #include <cwchar>
 #include <ostream>  // NOLINT
 #include <string>
+#include <type_traits>
+
 #include "gtest/internal/gtest-port.h"
 #include "src/gtest-internal-inl.h"
 
@@ -103,6 +107,16 @@
   *os << ">";
 }
 
+// Helpers for widening a character to char32_t. Since the standard does not
+// specify if char / wchar_t is signed or unsigned, it is important to first
+// convert it to the unsigned type of the same width before widening it to
+// char32_t.
+template <typename CharType>
+char32_t ToChar32(CharType in) {
+  return static_cast<char32_t>(
+      static_cast<typename std::make_unsigned<CharType>::type>(in));
+}
+
 }  // namespace
 
 namespace internal {
@@ -131,18 +145,15 @@
 // Returns true if c is a printable ASCII character.  We test the
 // value of c directly instead of calling isprint(), which is buggy on
 // Windows Mobile.
-inline bool IsPrintableAscii(wchar_t c) {
-  return 0x20 <= c && c <= 0x7E;
-}
+inline bool IsPrintableAscii(char32_t c) { return 0x20 <= c && c <= 0x7E; }
 
-// Prints a wide or narrow char c as a character literal without the
-// quotes, escaping it when necessary; returns how c was formatted.
-// The template argument UnsignedChar is the unsigned version of Char,
-// which is the type of c.
-template <typename UnsignedChar, typename Char>
+// Prints c (of type char, char8_t, char16_t, char32_t, or wchar_t) as a
+// character literal without the quotes, escaping it when necessary; returns how
+// c was formatted.
+template <typename Char>
 static CharFormat PrintAsCharLiteralTo(Char c, ostream* os) {
-  wchar_t w_c = static_cast<wchar_t>(c);
-  switch (w_c) {
+  const char32_t u_c = ToChar32(c);
+  switch (u_c) {
     case L'\0':
       *os << "\\0";
       break;
@@ -174,13 +185,12 @@
       *os << "\\v";
       break;
     default:
-      if (IsPrintableAscii(w_c)) {
+      if (IsPrintableAscii(u_c)) {
         *os << static_cast<char>(c);
         return kAsIs;
       } else {
         ostream::fmtflags flags = os->flags();
-        *os << "\\x" << std::hex << std::uppercase
-            << static_cast<int>(static_cast<UnsignedChar>(c));
+        *os << "\\x" << std::hex << std::uppercase << static_cast<int>(u_c);
         os->flags(flags);
         return kHexEscape;
       }
@@ -188,9 +198,9 @@
   return kSpecialEscape;
 }
 
-// Prints a wchar_t c as if it's part of a string literal, escaping it when
+// Prints a char32_t c as if it's part of a string literal, escaping it when
 // necessary; returns how c was formatted.
-static CharFormat PrintAsStringLiteralTo(wchar_t c, ostream* os) {
+static CharFormat PrintAsStringLiteralTo(char32_t c, ostream* os) {
   switch (c) {
     case L'\'':
       *os << "'";
@@ -199,26 +209,68 @@
       *os << "\\\"";
       return kSpecialEscape;
     default:
-      return PrintAsCharLiteralTo<wchar_t>(c, os);
+      return PrintAsCharLiteralTo(c, os);
   }
 }
 
+static const char* GetCharWidthPrefix(char) {
+  return "";
+}
+
+static const char* GetCharWidthPrefix(signed char) {
+  return "";
+}
+
+static const char* GetCharWidthPrefix(unsigned char) {
+  return "";
+}
+
+#ifdef __cpp_char8_t
+static const char* GetCharWidthPrefix(char8_t) {
+  return "u8";
+}
+#endif
+
+static const char* GetCharWidthPrefix(char16_t) {
+  return "u";
+}
+
+static const char* GetCharWidthPrefix(char32_t) {
+  return "U";
+}
+
+static const char* GetCharWidthPrefix(wchar_t) {
+  return "L";
+}
+
 // Prints a char c as if it's part of a string literal, escaping it when
 // necessary; returns how c was formatted.
 static CharFormat PrintAsStringLiteralTo(char c, ostream* os) {
-  return PrintAsStringLiteralTo(
-      static_cast<wchar_t>(static_cast<unsigned char>(c)), os);
+  return PrintAsStringLiteralTo(ToChar32(c), os);
 }
 
-// Prints a wide or narrow character c and its code.  '\0' is printed
-// as "'\\0'", other unprintable characters are also properly escaped
-// using the standard C++ escape sequence.  The template argument
-// UnsignedChar is the unsigned version of Char, which is the type of c.
-template <typename UnsignedChar, typename Char>
+#ifdef __cpp_char8_t
+static CharFormat PrintAsStringLiteralTo(char8_t c, ostream* os) {
+  return PrintAsStringLiteralTo(ToChar32(c), os);
+}
+#endif
+
+static CharFormat PrintAsStringLiteralTo(char16_t c, ostream* os) {
+  return PrintAsStringLiteralTo(ToChar32(c), os);
+}
+
+static CharFormat PrintAsStringLiteralTo(wchar_t c, ostream* os) {
+  return PrintAsStringLiteralTo(ToChar32(c), os);
+}
+
+// Prints a character c (of type char, char8_t, char16_t, char32_t, or wchar_t)
+// and its code. '\0' is printed as "'\\0'", other unprintable characters are
+// also properly escaped using the standard C++ escape sequence.
+template <typename Char>
 void PrintCharAndCodeTo(Char c, ostream* os) {
   // First, print c as a literal in the most readable form we can find.
-  *os << ((sizeof(c) > 1) ? "L'" : "'");
-  const CharFormat format = PrintAsCharLiteralTo<UnsignedChar>(c, os);
+  *os << GetCharWidthPrefix(c) << "'";
+  const CharFormat format = PrintAsCharLiteralTo(c, os);
   *os << "'";
 
   // To aid user debugging, we also print c's code in decimal, unless
@@ -239,26 +291,21 @@
   *os << ")";
 }
 
-void PrintTo(unsigned char c, ::std::ostream* os) {
-  PrintCharAndCodeTo<unsigned char>(c, os);
-}
-void PrintTo(signed char c, ::std::ostream* os) {
-  PrintCharAndCodeTo<unsigned char>(c, os);
-}
+void PrintTo(unsigned char c, ::std::ostream* os) { PrintCharAndCodeTo(c, os); }
+void PrintTo(signed char c, ::std::ostream* os) { PrintCharAndCodeTo(c, os); }
 
 // Prints a wchar_t as a symbol if it is printable or as its internal
 // code otherwise and also as its code.  L'\0' is printed as "L'\\0'".
-void PrintTo(wchar_t wc, ostream* os) {
-  PrintCharAndCodeTo<wchar_t>(wc, os);
-}
+void PrintTo(wchar_t wc, ostream* os) { PrintCharAndCodeTo(wc, os); }
 
+// TODO(dcheng): Consider making this delegate to PrintCharAndCodeTo() as well.
 void PrintTo(char32_t c, ::std::ostream* os) {
   *os << std::hex << "U+" << std::uppercase << std::setfill('0') << std::setw(4)
       << static_cast<uint32_t>(c);
 }
 
 // Prints the given array of characters to the ostream.  CharType must be either
-// char or wchar_t.
+// char, char8_t, char16_t, char32_t, or wchar_t.
 // The array starts at begin, the length is len, it may include '\0' characters
 // and may not be NUL-terminated.
 template <typename CharType>
@@ -268,8 +315,8 @@
 GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_THREAD_
 static CharFormat PrintCharsAsStringTo(
     const CharType* begin, size_t len, ostream* os) {
-  const char* const kQuoteBegin = sizeof(CharType) == 1 ? "\"" : "L\"";
-  *os << kQuoteBegin;
+  const char* const quote_prefix = GetCharWidthPrefix(*begin);
+  *os << quote_prefix << "\"";
   bool is_previous_hex = false;
   CharFormat print_format = kAsIs;
   for (size_t index = 0; index < len; ++index) {
@@ -278,7 +325,7 @@
       // Previous character is of '\x..' form and this character can be
       // interpreted as another hexadecimal digit in its number. Break string to
       // disambiguate.
-      *os << "\" " << kQuoteBegin;
+      *os << "\" " << quote_prefix << "\"";
     }
     is_previous_hex = PrintAsStringLiteralTo(cur, os) == kHexEscape;
     // Remember if any characters required hex escaping.
@@ -324,22 +371,57 @@
   UniversalPrintCharArray(begin, len, os);
 }
 
+#ifdef __cpp_char8_t
+// Prints a (const) char8_t array of 'len' elements, starting at address
+// 'begin'.
+void UniversalPrintArray(const char8_t* begin, size_t len, ostream* os) {
+  UniversalPrintCharArray(begin, len, os);
+}
+#endif
+
+// Prints a (const) char16_t array of 'len' elements, starting at address
+// 'begin'.
+void UniversalPrintArray(const char16_t* begin, size_t len, ostream* os) {
+  UniversalPrintCharArray(begin, len, os);
+}
+
+// Prints a (const) char32_t array of 'len' elements, starting at address
+// 'begin'.
+void UniversalPrintArray(const char32_t* begin, size_t len, ostream* os) {
+  UniversalPrintCharArray(begin, len, os);
+}
+
 // Prints a (const) wchar_t array of 'len' elements, starting at address
 // 'begin'.
 void UniversalPrintArray(const wchar_t* begin, size_t len, ostream* os) {
   UniversalPrintCharArray(begin, len, os);
 }
 
-// Prints the given C string to the ostream.
-void PrintTo(const char* s, ostream* os) {
+namespace {
+
+// Prints a null-terminated C-style string to the ostream.
+template <typename Char>
+void PrintCStringTo(const Char* s, ostream* os) {
   if (s == nullptr) {
     *os << "NULL";
   } else {
     *os << ImplicitCast_<const void*>(s) << " pointing to ";
-    PrintCharsAsStringTo(s, strlen(s), os);
+    PrintCharsAsStringTo(s, std::char_traits<Char>::length(s), os);
   }
 }
 
+}  // anonymous namespace
+
+void PrintTo(const char* s, ostream* os) { PrintCStringTo(s, os); }
+
+#ifdef __cpp_char8_t
+void PrintTo(const char8_t* s, ostream* os) { PrintCStringTo(s, os); }
+#endif
+
+void PrintTo(const char16_t* s, ostream* os) { PrintCStringTo(s, os); }
+
+void PrintTo(const char32_t* s, ostream* os) { PrintCStringTo(s, os); }
+
 // MSVC compiler can be configured to define whar_t as a typedef
 // of unsigned short. Defining an overload for const wchar_t* in that case
 // would cause pointers to unsigned shorts be printed as wide strings,
@@ -348,14 +430,7 @@
 // wchar_t is implemented as a native type.
 #if !defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(_NATIVE_WCHAR_T_DEFINED)
 // Prints the given wide C string to the ostream.
-void PrintTo(const wchar_t* s, ostream* os) {
-  if (s == nullptr) {
-    *os << "NULL";
-  } else {
-    *os << ImplicitCast_<const void*>(s) << " pointing to ";
-    PrintCharsAsStringTo(s, wcslen(s), os);
-  }
-}
+void PrintTo(const wchar_t* s, ostream* os) { PrintCStringTo(s, os); }
 #endif  // wchar_t is native
 
 namespace {
@@ -433,6 +508,20 @@
   }
 }
 
+#ifdef __cpp_char8_t
+void PrintU8StringTo(const ::std::u8string& s, ostream* os) {
+  PrintCharsAsStringTo(s.data(), s.size(), os);
+}
+#endif
+
+void PrintU16StringTo(const ::std::u16string& s, ostream* os) {
+  PrintCharsAsStringTo(s.data(), s.size(), os);
+}
+
+void PrintU32StringTo(const ::std::u32string& s, ostream* os) {
+  PrintCharsAsStringTo(s.data(), s.size(), os);
+}
+
 #if GTEST_HAS_STD_WSTRING
 void PrintWideStringTo(const ::std::wstring& s, ostream* os) {
   PrintCharsAsStringTo(s.data(), s.size(), os);
diff --git a/googletest/src/gtest-typed-test.cc b/googletest/src/gtest-typed-test.cc
index 722c7b1..c02c3df 100644
--- a/googletest/src/gtest-typed-test.cc
+++ b/googletest/src/gtest-typed-test.cc
@@ -35,8 +35,6 @@
 namespace testing {
 namespace internal {
 
-#if GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST_P
-
 // Skips to the first non-space char in str. Returns an empty string if str
 // contains only whitespace characters.
 static const char* SkipSpaces(const char* str) {
@@ -105,7 +103,5 @@
   return registered_tests;
 }
 
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST_P
-
 }  // namespace internal
 }  // namespace testing
diff --git a/googletest/src/gtest.cc b/googletest/src/gtest.cc
index 910c1ad..21c611a 100644
--- a/googletest/src/gtest.cc
+++ b/googletest/src/gtest.cc
@@ -646,47 +646,82 @@
   return result.string();
 }
 
-// Returns true if and only if the wildcard pattern matches the string.
-// The first ':' or '\0' character in pattern marks the end of it.
+// Returns true if and only if the wildcard pattern matches the string. Each
+// pattern consists of regular characters, single-character wildcards (?), and
+// multi-character wildcards (*).
 //
-// This recursive algorithm isn't very efficient, but is clear and
-// works well enough for matching test names, which are short.
-bool UnitTestOptions::PatternMatchesString(const char *pattern,
-                                           const char *str) {
-  switch (*pattern) {
-    case '\0':
-    case ':':  // Either ':' or '\0' marks the end of the pattern.
-      return *str == '\0';
-    case '?':  // Matches any single character.
-      return *str != '\0' && PatternMatchesString(pattern + 1, str + 1);
-    case '*':  // Matches any string (possibly empty) of characters.
-      return (*str != '\0' && PatternMatchesString(pattern, str + 1)) ||
-          PatternMatchesString(pattern + 1, str);
-    default:  // Non-special character.  Matches itself.
-      return *pattern == *str &&
-          PatternMatchesString(pattern + 1, str + 1);
+// This function implements a linear-time string globbing algorithm based on
+// https://research.swtch.com/glob.
+static bool PatternMatchesString(const std::string& name_str,
+                                 const char* pattern, const char* pattern_end) {
+  const char* name = name_str.c_str();
+  const char* const name_begin = name;
+  const char* const name_end = name + name_str.size();
+
+  const char* pattern_next = pattern;
+  const char* name_next = name;
+
+  while (pattern < pattern_end || name < name_end) {
+    if (pattern < pattern_end) {
+      switch (*pattern) {
+        default:  // Match an ordinary character.
+          if (name < name_end && *name == *pattern) {
+            ++pattern;
+            ++name;
+            continue;
+          }
+          break;
+        case '?':  // Match any single character.
+          if (name < name_end) {
+            ++pattern;
+            ++name;
+            continue;
+          }
+          break;
+        case '*':
+          // Match zero or more characters. Start by skipping over the wildcard
+          // and matching zero characters from name. If that fails, restart and
+          // match one more character than the last attempt.
+          pattern_next = pattern;
+          name_next = name + 1;
+          ++pattern;
+          continue;
+      }
+    }
+    // Failed to match a character. Restart if possible.
+    if (name_begin < name_next && name_next <= name_end) {
+      pattern = pattern_next;
+      name = name_next;
+      continue;
+    }
+    return false;
   }
+  return true;
 }
 
-bool UnitTestOptions::MatchesFilter(
-    const std::string& name, const char* filter) {
-  const char *cur_pattern = filter;
-  for (;;) {
-    if (PatternMatchesString(cur_pattern, name.c_str())) {
+bool UnitTestOptions::MatchesFilter(const std::string& name_str,
+                                    const char* filter) {
+  // The filter is a list of patterns separated by colons (:).
+  const char* pattern = filter;
+  while (true) {
+    // Find the bounds of this pattern.
+    const char* const next_sep = strchr(pattern, ':');
+    const char* const pattern_end =
+        next_sep != nullptr ? next_sep : pattern + strlen(pattern);
+
+    // Check if this pattern matches name_str.
+    if (PatternMatchesString(name_str, pattern, pattern_end)) {
       return true;
     }
 
-    // Finds the next pattern in the filter.
-    cur_pattern = strchr(cur_pattern, ':');
-
-    // Returns if no more pattern can be found.
-    if (cur_pattern == nullptr) {
+    // Give up on this pattern. However, if we found a pattern separator (:),
+    // advance to the next pattern (skipping over the separator) and restart.
+    if (next_sep == nullptr) {
       return false;
     }
-
-    // Skips the pattern separater (the ':' character).
-    cur_pattern++;
+    pattern = next_sep + 1;
   }
+  return true;
 }
 
 // Returns true if and only if the user-specified filter matches the test
@@ -996,7 +1031,25 @@
       );  // NOLINT
 }
 
-// Returns the current time in milliseconds.
+// A helper class for measuring elapsed times.
+class Timer {
+ public:
+  Timer() : start_(std::chrono::steady_clock::now()) {}
+
+  // Return time elapsed in milliseconds since the timer was created.
+  TimeInMillis Elapsed() {
+    return std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(
+               std::chrono::steady_clock::now() - start_)
+        .count();
+  }
+
+ private:
+  std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point start_;
+};
+
+// Returns a timestamp as milliseconds since the epoch. Note this time may jump
+// around subject to adjustments by the system, to measure elapsed time use
+// Timer instead.
 TimeInMillis GetTimeInMillis() {
   return std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(
              std::chrono::system_clock::now() -
@@ -1603,57 +1656,6 @@
 
 namespace internal {
 
-// The helper function for {ASSERT|EXPECT}_EQ with int or enum
-// arguments.
-AssertionResult CmpHelperEQ(const char* lhs_expression,
-                            const char* rhs_expression,
-                            BiggestInt lhs,
-                            BiggestInt rhs) {
-  if (lhs == rhs) {
-    return AssertionSuccess();
-  }
-
-  return EqFailure(lhs_expression,
-                   rhs_expression,
-                   FormatForComparisonFailureMessage(lhs, rhs),
-                   FormatForComparisonFailureMessage(rhs, lhs),
-                   false);
-}
-
-// A macro for implementing the helper functions needed to implement
-// ASSERT_?? and EXPECT_?? with integer or enum arguments.  It is here
-// just to avoid copy-and-paste of similar code.
-#define GTEST_IMPL_CMP_HELPER_(op_name, op)\
-AssertionResult CmpHelper##op_name(const char* expr1, const char* expr2, \
-                                   BiggestInt val1, BiggestInt val2) {\
-  if (val1 op val2) {\
-    return AssertionSuccess();\
-  } else {\
-    return AssertionFailure() \
-        << "Expected: (" << expr1 << ") " #op " (" << expr2\
-        << "), actual: " << FormatForComparisonFailureMessage(val1, val2)\
-        << " vs " << FormatForComparisonFailureMessage(val2, val1);\
-  }\
-}
-
-// Implements the helper function for {ASSERT|EXPECT}_NE with int or
-// enum arguments.
-GTEST_IMPL_CMP_HELPER_(NE, !=)
-// Implements the helper function for {ASSERT|EXPECT}_LE with int or
-// enum arguments.
-GTEST_IMPL_CMP_HELPER_(LE, <=)
-// Implements the helper function for {ASSERT|EXPECT}_LT with int or
-// enum arguments.
-GTEST_IMPL_CMP_HELPER_(LT, < )
-// Implements the helper function for {ASSERT|EXPECT}_GE with int or
-// enum arguments.
-GTEST_IMPL_CMP_HELPER_(GE, >=)
-// Implements the helper function for {ASSERT|EXPECT}_GT with int or
-// enum arguments.
-GTEST_IMPL_CMP_HELPER_(GT, > )
-
-#undef GTEST_IMPL_CMP_HELPER_
-
 // The helper function for {ASSERT|EXPECT}_STREQ.
 AssertionResult CmpHelperSTREQ(const char* lhs_expression,
                                const char* rhs_expression,
@@ -2239,7 +2241,7 @@
   if (!ValidateTestProperty(xml_element, test_property)) {
     return;
   }
-  internal::MutexLock lock(&test_properites_mutex_);
+  internal::MutexLock lock(&test_properties_mutex_);
   const std::vector<TestProperty>::iterator property_with_matching_key =
       std::find_if(test_properties_.begin(), test_properties_.end(),
                    internal::TestPropertyKeyIs(test_property.key()));
@@ -2840,7 +2842,8 @@
   // Notifies the unit test event listeners that a test is about to start.
   repeater->OnTestStart(*this);
 
-  const TimeInMillis start = internal::GetTimeInMillis();
+  result_.set_start_timestamp(internal::GetTimeInMillis());
+  internal::Timer timer;
 
   impl->os_stack_trace_getter()->UponLeavingGTest();
 
@@ -2865,8 +2868,7 @@
         test, &Test::DeleteSelf_, "the test fixture's destructor");
   }
 
-  result_.set_start_timestamp(start);
-  result_.set_elapsed_time(internal::GetTimeInMillis() - start);
+  result_.set_elapsed_time(timer.Elapsed());
 
   // Notifies the unit test event listener that a test has just finished.
   repeater->OnTestEnd(*this);
@@ -3008,6 +3010,7 @@
       this, &TestSuite::RunSetUpTestSuite, "SetUpTestSuite()");
 
   start_timestamp_ = internal::GetTimeInMillis();
+  internal::Timer timer;
   for (int i = 0; i < total_test_count(); i++) {
     GetMutableTestInfo(i)->Run();
     if (GTEST_FLAG(fail_fast) && GetMutableTestInfo(i)->result()->Failed()) {
@@ -3017,7 +3020,7 @@
       break;
     }
   }
-  elapsed_time_ = internal::GetTimeInMillis() - start_timestamp_;
+  elapsed_time_ = timer.Elapsed();
 
   impl->os_stack_trace_getter()->UponLeavingGTest();
   internal::HandleExceptionsInMethodIfSupported(
@@ -3269,7 +3272,8 @@
 // This routine must actually emit the characters rather than return a string
 // that would be colored when printed, as can be done on Linux.
 
-static void ColoredPrintf(GTestColor color, const char* fmt, ...) {
+GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_PRINTF_(2, 3)
+static void ColoredPrintf(GTestColor color, const char *fmt, ...) {
   va_list args;
   va_start(args, fmt);
 
@@ -3924,6 +3928,16 @@
   // Streams an XML CDATA section, escaping invalid CDATA sequences as needed.
   static void OutputXmlCDataSection(::std::ostream* stream, const char* data);
 
+  // Streams a test suite XML stanza containing the given test result.
+  //
+  // Requires: result.Failed()
+  static void OutputXmlTestSuiteForTestResult(::std::ostream* stream,
+                                              const TestResult& result);
+
+  // Streams an XML representation of a TestResult object.
+  static void OutputXmlTestResult(::std::ostream* stream,
+                                  const TestResult& result);
+
   // Streams an XML representation of a TestInfo object.
   static void OutputXmlTestInfo(::std::ostream* stream,
                                 const char* test_suite_name,
@@ -4082,6 +4096,10 @@
   if (tm_ptr == nullptr) return false;
   *out = *tm_ptr;
   return true;
+#elif defined(__STDC_LIB_EXT1__)
+  // Uses localtime_s when available as localtime_r is only available from
+  // C23 standard.
+  return localtime_s(&seconds, out) != nullptr;
 #else
   return localtime_r(&seconds, out) != nullptr;
 #endif
@@ -4139,6 +4157,43 @@
   *stream << " " << name << "=\"" << EscapeXmlAttribute(value) << "\"";
 }
 
+// Streams a test suite XML stanza containing the given test result.
+void XmlUnitTestResultPrinter::OutputXmlTestSuiteForTestResult(
+    ::std::ostream* stream, const TestResult& result) {
+  // Output the boilerplate for a minimal test suite with one test.
+  *stream << "  <testsuite";
+  OutputXmlAttribute(stream, "testsuite", "name", "NonTestSuiteFailure");
+  OutputXmlAttribute(stream, "testsuite", "tests", "1");
+  OutputXmlAttribute(stream, "testsuite", "failures", "1");
+  OutputXmlAttribute(stream, "testsuite", "disabled", "0");
+  OutputXmlAttribute(stream, "testsuite", "skipped", "0");
+  OutputXmlAttribute(stream, "testsuite", "errors", "0");
+  OutputXmlAttribute(stream, "testsuite", "time",
+                     FormatTimeInMillisAsSeconds(result.elapsed_time()));
+  OutputXmlAttribute(
+      stream, "testsuite", "timestamp",
+      FormatEpochTimeInMillisAsIso8601(result.start_timestamp()));
+  *stream << ">";
+
+  // Output the boilerplate for a minimal test case with a single test.
+  *stream << "    <testcase";
+  OutputXmlAttribute(stream, "testcase", "name", "");
+  OutputXmlAttribute(stream, "testcase", "status", "run");
+  OutputXmlAttribute(stream, "testcase", "result", "completed");
+  OutputXmlAttribute(stream, "testcase", "classname", "");
+  OutputXmlAttribute(stream, "testcase", "time",
+                     FormatTimeInMillisAsSeconds(result.elapsed_time()));
+  OutputXmlAttribute(
+      stream, "testcase", "timestamp",
+      FormatEpochTimeInMillisAsIso8601(result.start_timestamp()));
+
+  // Output the actual test result.
+  OutputXmlTestResult(stream, result);
+
+  // Complete the test suite.
+  *stream << "  </testsuite>\n";
+}
+
 // Prints an XML representation of a TestInfo object.
 void XmlUnitTestResultPrinter::OutputXmlTestInfo(::std::ostream* stream,
                                                  const char* test_suite_name,
@@ -4182,6 +4237,11 @@
       FormatEpochTimeInMillisAsIso8601(result.start_timestamp()));
   OutputXmlAttribute(stream, kTestsuite, "classname", test_suite_name);
 
+  OutputXmlTestResult(stream, result);
+}
+
+void XmlUnitTestResultPrinter::OutputXmlTestResult(::std::ostream* stream,
+                                                   const TestResult& result) {
   int failures = 0;
   int skips = 0;
   for (int i = 0; i < result.total_part_count(); ++i) {
@@ -4296,6 +4356,13 @@
     if (unit_test.GetTestSuite(i)->reportable_test_count() > 0)
       PrintXmlTestSuite(stream, *unit_test.GetTestSuite(i));
   }
+
+  // If there was a test failure outside of one of the test suites (like in a
+  // test environment) include that in the output.
+  if (unit_test.ad_hoc_test_result().Failed()) {
+    OutputXmlTestSuiteForTestResult(stream, unit_test.ad_hoc_test_result());
+  }
+
   *stream << "</" << kTestsuites << ">\n";
 }
 
@@ -4386,6 +4453,16 @@
                             const std::string& indent,
                             bool comma = true);
 
+  // Streams a test suite JSON stanza containing the given test result.
+  //
+  // Requires: result.Failed()
+  static void OutputJsonTestSuiteForTestResult(::std::ostream* stream,
+                                               const TestResult& result);
+
+  // Streams a JSON representation of a TestResult object.
+  static void OutputJsonTestResult(::std::ostream* stream,
+                                   const TestResult& result);
+
   // Streams a JSON representation of a TestInfo object.
   static void OutputJsonTestInfo(::std::ostream* stream,
                                  const char* test_suite_name,
@@ -4536,6 +4613,48 @@
     *stream << ",\n";
 }
 
+// Streams a test suite JSON stanza containing the given test result.
+void JsonUnitTestResultPrinter::OutputJsonTestSuiteForTestResult(
+    ::std::ostream* stream, const TestResult& result) {
+  // Output the boilerplate for a new test suite.
+  *stream << Indent(4) << "{\n";
+  OutputJsonKey(stream, "testsuite", "name", "NonTestSuiteFailure", Indent(6));
+  OutputJsonKey(stream, "testsuite", "tests", 1, Indent(6));
+  if (!GTEST_FLAG(list_tests)) {
+    OutputJsonKey(stream, "testsuite", "failures", 1, Indent(6));
+    OutputJsonKey(stream, "testsuite", "disabled", 0, Indent(6));
+    OutputJsonKey(stream, "testsuite", "skipped", 0, Indent(6));
+    OutputJsonKey(stream, "testsuite", "errors", 0, Indent(6));
+    OutputJsonKey(stream, "testsuite", "time",
+                  FormatTimeInMillisAsDuration(result.elapsed_time()),
+                  Indent(6));
+    OutputJsonKey(stream, "testsuite", "timestamp",
+                  FormatEpochTimeInMillisAsRFC3339(result.start_timestamp()),
+                  Indent(6));
+  }
+  *stream << Indent(6) << "\"testsuite\": [\n";
+
+  // Output the boilerplate for a new test case.
+  *stream << Indent(8) << "{\n";
+  OutputJsonKey(stream, "testcase", "name", "", Indent(10));
+  OutputJsonKey(stream, "testcase", "status", "RUN", Indent(10));
+  OutputJsonKey(stream, "testcase", "result", "COMPLETED", Indent(10));
+  OutputJsonKey(stream, "testcase", "timestamp",
+                FormatEpochTimeInMillisAsRFC3339(result.start_timestamp()),
+                Indent(10));
+  OutputJsonKey(stream, "testcase", "time",
+                FormatTimeInMillisAsDuration(result.elapsed_time()),
+                Indent(10));
+  OutputJsonKey(stream, "testcase", "classname", "", Indent(10), false);
+  *stream << TestPropertiesAsJson(result, Indent(10));
+
+  // Output the actual test result.
+  OutputJsonTestResult(stream, result);
+
+  // Finish the test suite.
+  *stream << "\n" << Indent(6) << "]\n" << Indent(4) << "}";
+}
+
 // Prints a JSON representation of a TestInfo object.
 void JsonUnitTestResultPrinter::OutputJsonTestInfo(::std::ostream* stream,
                                                    const char* test_suite_name,
@@ -4578,6 +4697,13 @@
                 false);
   *stream << TestPropertiesAsJson(result, kIndent);
 
+  OutputJsonTestResult(stream, result);
+}
+
+void JsonUnitTestResultPrinter::OutputJsonTestResult(::std::ostream* stream,
+                                                     const TestResult& result) {
+  const std::string kIndent = Indent(10);
+
   int failures = 0;
   for (int i = 0; i < result.total_part_count(); ++i) {
     const TestPartResult& part = result.GetTestPartResult(i);
@@ -4688,6 +4814,12 @@
     }
   }
 
+  // If there was a test failure outside of one of the test suites (like in a
+  // test environment) include that in the output.
+  if (unit_test.ad_hoc_test_result().Failed()) {
+    OutputJsonTestSuiteForTestResult(stream, unit_test.ad_hoc_test_result());
+  }
+
   *stream << "\n" << kIndent << "]\n" << "}\n";
 }
 
@@ -5680,7 +5812,7 @@
     // assertions executed before RUN_ALL_TESTS().
     ClearNonAdHocTestResult();
 
-    const TimeInMillis start = GetTimeInMillis();
+    Timer timer;
 
     // Shuffles test suites and tests if requested.
     if (has_tests_to_run && GTEST_FLAG(shuffle)) {
@@ -5729,6 +5861,14 @@
             break;
           }
         }
+      } else if (Test::HasFatalFailure()) {
+        // If there was a fatal failure during the global setup then we know we
+        // aren't going to run any tests. Explicitly mark all of the tests as
+        // skipped to make this obvious in the output.
+        for (int test_index = 0; test_index < total_test_suite_count();
+             test_index++) {
+          GetMutableSuiteCase(test_index)->Skip();
+        }
       }
 
       // Tears down all environments in reverse order afterwards.
@@ -5738,7 +5878,7 @@
       repeater->OnEnvironmentsTearDownEnd(*parent_);
     }
 
-    elapsed_time_ = GetTimeInMillis() - start;
+    elapsed_time_ = timer.Elapsed();
 
     // Tells the unit test event listener that the tests have just finished.
     repeater->OnTestIterationEnd(*parent_, i);
diff --git a/googletest/test/BUILD.bazel b/googletest/test/BUILD.bazel
index 41fbca1..b06a00a 100644
--- a/googletest/test/BUILD.bazel
+++ b/googletest/test/BUILD.bazel
@@ -62,6 +62,7 @@
             "googletest-env-var-test_.cc",
             "googletest-failfast-unittest_.cc",
             "googletest-filter-unittest_.cc",
+            "googletest-global-environment-unittest_.cc",
             "googletest-break-on-failure-unittest_.cc",
             "googletest-listener-test.cc",
             "googletest-output-test_.cc",
@@ -82,6 +83,10 @@
     copts = select({
         "//:windows": ["-DGTEST_USE_OWN_TR1_TUPLE=0"],
         "//conditions:default": ["-DGTEST_USE_OWN_TR1_TUPLE=1"],
+    }) + select({
+        # Ensure MSVC treats source files as UTF-8 encoded.
+        "//:msvc_compiler": ["-utf-8"],
+        "//conditions:default": [],
     }),
     includes = [
         "googletest",
@@ -145,7 +150,6 @@
     name = "gtest_unittest",
     size = "small",
     srcs = ["gtest_unittest.cc"],
-    args = ["--heap_check=strict"],
     shard_count = 2,
     deps = ["//:gtest_main"],
 )
@@ -257,6 +261,21 @@
 )
 
 cc_binary(
+    name = "googletest-global-environment-unittest_",
+    testonly = 1,
+    srcs = ["googletest-global-environment-unittest_.cc"],
+    deps = ["//:gtest"],
+)
+
+py_test(
+    name = "googletest-global-environment-unittest",
+    size = "medium",
+    srcs = ["googletest-global-environment-unittest.py"],
+    data = [":googletest-global-environment-unittest_"],
+    deps = [":gtest_test_utils"],
+)
+
+cc_binary(
     name = "googletest-break-on-failure-unittest_",
     testonly = 1,
     srcs = ["googletest-break-on-failure-unittest_.cc"],
@@ -551,11 +570,11 @@
     size = "small",
     srcs = ["googletest-param-test-invalid-name1-test.py"],
     data = [":googletest-param-test-invalid-name1-test_"],
-    deps = [":gtest_test_utils"],
     tags = [
         "no_test_msvc2015",
         "no_test_msvc2017",
     ],
+    deps = [":gtest_test_utils"],
 )
 
 py_test(
@@ -563,9 +582,9 @@
     size = "small",
     srcs = ["googletest-param-test-invalid-name2-test.py"],
     data = [":googletest-param-test-invalid-name2-test_"],
-    deps = [":gtest_test_utils"],
     tags = [
         "no_test_msvc2015",
         "no_test_msvc2017",
     ],
+    deps = [":gtest_test_utils"],
 )
diff --git a/googletest/test/googletest-global-environment-unittest.py b/googletest/test/googletest-global-environment-unittest.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..32ba628
--- /dev/null
+++ b/googletest/test/googletest-global-environment-unittest.py
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+# Copyright 2021 Google Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+#
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+# met:
+#
+#     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+# copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+# in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+# distribution.
+#     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+# this software without specific prior written permission.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+"""Unit test for Google Test's global test environment behavior.
+
+A user can specify a global test environment via
+testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment. Failures in the global environment should
+result in all unit tests being skipped.
+
+This script tests such functionality by invoking
+googletest-global-environment-unittest_ (a program written with Google Test).
+"""
+
+import gtest_test_utils
+
+
+def RunAndReturnOutput():
+  """Runs the test program and returns its output."""
+
+  return gtest_test_utils.Subprocess([
+      gtest_test_utils.GetTestExecutablePath(
+          'googletest-global-environment-unittest_')
+  ]).output
+
+
+class GTestGlobalEnvironmentUnitTest(gtest_test_utils.TestCase):
+  """Tests global test environment failures."""
+
+  def testEnvironmentSetUpFails(self):
+    """Tests the behavior of not specifying the fail_fast."""
+
+    # Run the test.
+    txt = RunAndReturnOutput()
+
+    # We should see the text of the global environment setup error.
+    self.assertIn('Canned environment setup error', txt)
+
+    # Our test should have been skipped due to the error, and not treated as a
+    # pass.
+    self.assertIn('[  SKIPPED ] 1 test', txt)
+    self.assertIn('[  PASSED  ] 0 tests', txt)
+
+    # The test case shouldn't have been run.
+    self.assertNotIn('Unexpected call', txt)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+  gtest_test_utils.Main()
diff --git a/googletest/test/googletest-global-environment-unittest_.cc b/googletest/test/googletest-global-environment-unittest_.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f401b2f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/googletest/test/googletest-global-environment-unittest_.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+// Copyright 2005, Google Inc.
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+// met:
+//
+//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+// distribution.
+//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+// this software without specific prior written permission.
+//
+// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+// Unit test for Google Test global test environments.
+//
+// The program will be invoked from a Python unit test.  Don't run it
+// directly.
+
+#include "gtest/gtest.h"
+
+namespace {
+
+// An environment that always fails in its SetUp method.
+class FailingEnvironment final : public ::testing::Environment {
+ public:
+  void SetUp() override { FAIL() << "Canned environment setup error"; }
+};
+
+// Register the environment.
+auto* const g_environment_ =
+    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(new FailingEnvironment);
+
+// A test that doesn't actually run.
+TEST(SomeTest, DoesFoo) { FAIL() << "Unexpected call"; }
+
+}  // namespace
+
+int main(int argc, char** argv) {
+  ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
+
+  return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
+}
diff --git a/googletest/test/googletest-json-output-unittest.py b/googletest/test/googletest-json-output-unittest.py
index e799d47..41c8565 100644
--- a/googletest/test/googletest-json-output-unittest.py
+++ b/googletest/test/googletest-json-output-unittest.py
@@ -612,15 +612,59 @@
     }],
 }
 
-EXPECTED_EMPTY = {
-    u'tests': 0,
-    u'failures': 0,
-    u'disabled': 0,
-    u'errors': 0,
-    u'time': u'*',
-    u'timestamp': u'*',
-    u'name': u'AllTests',
-    u'testsuites': [],
+EXPECTED_NO_TEST = {
+    u'tests':
+        0,
+    u'failures':
+        0,
+    u'disabled':
+        0,
+    u'errors':
+        0,
+    u'time':
+        u'*',
+    u'timestamp':
+        u'*',
+    u'name':
+        u'AllTests',
+    u'testsuites': [{
+        u'name':
+            u'NonTestSuiteFailure',
+        u'tests':
+            1,
+        u'failures':
+            1,
+        u'disabled':
+            0,
+        u'skipped':
+            0,
+        u'errors':
+            0,
+        u'time':
+            u'*',
+        u'timestamp':
+            u'*',
+        u'testsuite': [{
+            u'name':
+                u'',
+            u'status':
+                u'RUN',
+            u'result':
+                u'COMPLETED',
+            u'time':
+                u'*',
+            u'timestamp':
+                u'*',
+            u'classname':
+                u'',
+            u'failures': [{
+                u'failure': u'gtest_no_test_unittest.cc:*\n'
+                            u'Expected equality of these values:\n'
+                            u'  1\n  2' + STACK_TRACE_TEMPLATE,
+                u'type': u'',
+            }]
+        }]
+    }],
 }
 
 GTEST_PROGRAM_PATH = gtest_test_utils.GetTestExecutablePath(GTEST_PROGRAM_NAME)
@@ -645,14 +689,14 @@
       """
       self._TestJsonOutput(GTEST_PROGRAM_NAME, EXPECTED_NON_EMPTY, 1)
 
-  def testEmptyJsonOutput(self):
+  def testNoTestJsonOutput(self):
     """Verifies JSON output for a Google Test binary without actual tests.
 
-    Runs a test program that generates an empty JSON output, and
-    tests that the JSON output is expected.
+    Runs a test program that generates an JSON output for a binary with no
+    tests, and tests that the JSON output is expected.
     """
 
-    self._TestJsonOutput('gtest_no_test_unittest', EXPECTED_EMPTY, 0)
+    self._TestJsonOutput('gtest_no_test_unittest', EXPECTED_NO_TEST, 0)
 
   def testTimestampValue(self):
     """Checks whether the timestamp attribute in the JSON output is valid.
diff --git a/googletest/test/googletest-options-test.cc b/googletest/test/googletest-options-test.cc
index f07b316..11fb1f2 100644
--- a/googletest/test/googletest-options-test.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/googletest-options-test.cc
@@ -42,6 +42,9 @@
 # include <windows.h>
 #elif GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
 # include <direct.h>
+#elif GTEST_OS_OS2
+// For strcasecmp on OS/2
+#include <strings.h>
 #endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
 
 #include "src/gtest-internal-inl.h"
diff --git a/googletest/test/googletest-output-test_.cc b/googletest/test/googletest-output-test_.cc
index b32b8f3..074f64e 100644
--- a/googletest/test/googletest-output-test_.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/googletest-output-test_.cc
@@ -744,9 +744,6 @@
 // This would make the test failure from the above go away.
 // INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(Fix, DetectNotInstantiatedTest, testing::Values(1));
 
-// This #ifdef block tests the output of typed tests.
-#if GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST
-
 template <typename T>
 class TypedTest : public testing::Test {
 };
@@ -783,11 +780,6 @@
 
 TYPED_TEST(TypedTestWithNames, Failure) { FAIL(); }
 
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST
-
-// This #ifdef block tests the output of type-parameterized tests.
-#if GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST_P
-
 template <typename T>
 class TypedTestP : public testing::Test {
 };
@@ -838,8 +830,6 @@
 // typedef ::testing::Types<char, int, unsigned int> MyTypes;
 // INSTANTIATE_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P(All, DetectNotInstantiatedTypesTest, MyTypes);
 
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST_P
-
 #if GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST
 
 // We rely on the golden file to verify that tests whose test case
@@ -848,8 +838,6 @@
 TEST(ADeathTest, ShouldRunFirst) {
 }
 
-# if GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST
-
 // We rely on the golden file to verify that typed tests whose test
 // case name ends with DeathTest are run first.
 
@@ -863,10 +851,6 @@
 TYPED_TEST(ATypedDeathTest, ShouldRunFirst) {
 }
 
-# endif  // GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST
-
-# if GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST_P
-
 
 // We rely on the golden file to verify that type-parameterized tests
 // whose test case name ends with DeathTest are run first.
@@ -884,8 +868,6 @@
 
 INSTANTIATE_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P(My, ATypeParamDeathTest, NumericTypes);
 
-# endif  // GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST_P
-
 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST
 
 // Tests various failure conditions of
@@ -1047,7 +1029,7 @@
         "BadDynamicFixture1", "TestBase", nullptr, nullptr, __FILE__, __LINE__,
         []() -> testing::Test* { return new DynamicTest<true>; }),
 
-    // Register two tests with the same fixture incorrectly by ommiting the
+    // Register two tests with the same fixture incorrectly by omitting the
     // return type.
     testing::RegisterTest(
         "BadDynamicFixture2", "FixtureBase", nullptr, nullptr, __FILE__,
diff --git a/googletest/test/googletest-param-test-test.cc b/googletest/test/googletest-param-test-test.cc
index c852220..023aa46 100644
--- a/googletest/test/googletest-param-test-test.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/googletest-param-test-test.cc
@@ -835,14 +835,14 @@
     }
   }
 
-  // Check that the expected form of the test suit name actualy exists.
+  // Check that the expected form of the test suit name actually exists.
   EXPECT_NE(  //
       know_suite_names.find("FortyTwo/MacroNamingTest"),
       know_suite_names.end());
   EXPECT_NE(
       know_suite_names.find("MacroNamingTestNonParametrized"),
       know_suite_names.end());
-  // Check that the expected form of the test name actualy exists.
+  // Check that the expected form of the test name actually exists.
   EXPECT_NE(  //
       know_test_names.find("FortyTwo/MacroNamingTest.FooSomeTestName/0"),
       know_test_names.end());
diff --git a/googletest/test/googletest-param-test-test.h b/googletest/test/googletest-param-test-test.h
index 6480570..8919375 100644
--- a/googletest/test/googletest-param-test-test.h
+++ b/googletest/test/googletest-param-test-test.h
@@ -32,8 +32,8 @@
 // This header file provides classes and functions used internally
 // for testing Google Test itself.
 
-#ifndef GTEST_TEST_GTEST_PARAM_TEST_TEST_H_
-#define GTEST_TEST_GTEST_PARAM_TEST_TEST_H_
+#ifndef GOOGLETEST_TEST_GOOGLETEST_PARAM_TEST_TEST_H_
+#define GOOGLETEST_TEST_GOOGLETEST_PARAM_TEST_TEST_H_
 
 #include "gtest/gtest.h"
 
@@ -48,4 +48,4 @@
     : public ::testing::TestWithParam<int> {
 };
 
-#endif  // GTEST_TEST_GTEST_PARAM_TEST_TEST_H_
+#endif  // GOOGLETEST_TEST_GOOGLETEST_PARAM_TEST_TEST_H_
diff --git a/googletest/test/googletest-port-test.cc b/googletest/test/googletest-port-test.cc
index e3ad4dd..2697355 100644
--- a/googletest/test/googletest-port-test.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/googletest-port-test.cc
@@ -373,8 +373,6 @@
 
 #if GTEST_USES_POSIX_RE
 
-# if GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST
-
 template <typename Str>
 class RETest : public ::testing::Test {};
 
@@ -430,8 +428,6 @@
   EXPECT_FALSE(RE::PartialMatch(TypeParam("zza"), re));
 }
 
-# endif  // GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST
-
 #elif GTEST_USES_SIMPLE_RE
 
 TEST(IsInSetTest, NulCharIsNotInAnySet) {
diff --git a/googletest/test/googletest-printers-test.cc b/googletest/test/googletest-printers-test.cc
index 0653d9e..e1e8e1c 100644
--- a/googletest/test/googletest-printers-test.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/googletest-printers-test.cc
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@
   return os;
 }
 
-// A user-defined streamable but recursivly-defined container type in
+// A user-defined streamable but recursively-defined container type in
 // a user namespace, it mimics therefore std::filesystem::path or
 // boost::filesystem::path.
 class PathLike {
@@ -229,6 +229,33 @@
 }  // namespace foo
 
 namespace testing {
+namespace {
+template <typename T>
+class Wrapper {
+ public:
+  explicit Wrapper(T&& value) : value_(std::forward<T>(value)) {}
+
+  const T& value() const { return value_; }
+
+ private:
+  T value_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace
+
+namespace internal {
+template <typename T>
+class UniversalPrinter<Wrapper<T>> {
+ public:
+  static void Print(const Wrapper<T>& w, ::std::ostream* os) {
+    *os << "Wrapper(";
+    UniversalPrint(w.value(), os);
+    *os << ')';
+  }
+};
+}  // namespace internal
+
+
 namespace gtest_printers_test {
 
 using ::std::deque;
@@ -466,6 +493,92 @@
             Print(p));
 }
 
+#ifdef __cpp_char8_t
+// const char8_t*.
+TEST(PrintU8StringTest, Const) {
+  const char8_t* p = u8"界";
+  EXPECT_EQ(PrintPointer(p) + " pointing to u8\"\\xE7\\x95\\x8C\"", Print(p));
+}
+
+// char8_t*.
+TEST(PrintU8StringTest, NonConst) {
+  char8_t p[] = u8"世";
+  EXPECT_EQ(PrintPointer(p) + " pointing to u8\"\\xE4\\xB8\\x96\"",
+            Print(static_cast<char8_t*>(p)));
+}
+
+// NULL u8 string.
+TEST(PrintU8StringTest, Null) {
+  const char8_t* p = nullptr;
+  EXPECT_EQ("NULL", Print(p));
+}
+
+// Tests that u8 strings are escaped properly.
+TEST(PrintU8StringTest, EscapesProperly) {
+  const char8_t* p = u8"'\"?\\\a\b\f\n\r\t\v\x7F\xFF hello 世界";
+  EXPECT_EQ(PrintPointer(p) +
+                " pointing to u8\"'\\\"?\\\\\\a\\b\\f\\n\\r\\t\\v\\x7F\\xFF "
+                "hello \\xE4\\xB8\\x96\\xE7\\x95\\x8C\"",
+            Print(p));
+}
+#endif
+
+// const char16_t*.
+TEST(PrintU16StringTest, Const) {
+  const char16_t* p = u"界";
+  EXPECT_EQ(PrintPointer(p) + " pointing to u\"\\x754C\"", Print(p));
+}
+
+// char16_t*.
+TEST(PrintU16StringTest, NonConst) {
+  char16_t p[] = u"世";
+  EXPECT_EQ(PrintPointer(p) + " pointing to u\"\\x4E16\"",
+            Print(static_cast<char16_t*>(p)));
+}
+
+// NULL u16 string.
+TEST(PrintU16StringTest, Null) {
+  const char16_t* p = nullptr;
+  EXPECT_EQ("NULL", Print(p));
+}
+
+// Tests that u16 strings are escaped properly.
+TEST(PrintU16StringTest, EscapesProperly) {
+  const char16_t* p = u"'\"?\\\a\b\f\n\r\t\v\x7F\xFF hello 世界";
+  EXPECT_EQ(PrintPointer(p) +
+                " pointing to u\"'\\\"?\\\\\\a\\b\\f\\n\\r\\t\\v\\x7F\\xFF "
+                "hello \\x4E16\\x754C\"",
+            Print(p));
+}
+
+// const char32_t*.
+TEST(PrintU32StringTest, Const) {
+  const char32_t* p = U"🗺️";
+  EXPECT_EQ(PrintPointer(p) + " pointing to U\"\\x1F5FA\\xFE0F\"", Print(p));
+}
+
+// char32_t*.
+TEST(PrintU32StringTest, NonConst) {
+  char32_t p[] = U"🌌";
+  EXPECT_EQ(PrintPointer(p) + " pointing to U\"\\x1F30C\"",
+            Print(static_cast<char32_t*>(p)));
+}
+
+// NULL u32 string.
+TEST(PrintU32StringTest, Null) {
+  const char32_t* p = nullptr;
+  EXPECT_EQ("NULL", Print(p));
+}
+
+// Tests that u32 strings are escaped properly.
+TEST(PrintU32StringTest, EscapesProperly) {
+  const char32_t* p = U"'\"?\\\a\b\f\n\r\t\v\x7F\xFF hello 🗺️";
+  EXPECT_EQ(PrintPointer(p) +
+                " pointing to U\"'\\\"?\\\\\\a\\b\\f\\n\\r\\t\\v\\x7F\\xFF "
+                "hello \\x1F5FA\\xFE0F\"",
+            Print(p));
+}
+
 // MSVC compiler can be configured to define whar_t as a typedef
 // of unsigned short. Defining an overload for const wchar_t* in that case
 // would cause pointers to unsigned shorts be printed as wide strings,
@@ -537,56 +650,6 @@
   EXPECT_EQ("NULL", Print(p));
 }
 
-#ifdef __cpp_char8_t
-// char8_t*
-TEST(PrintCharPointerTest, Char8) {
-  char8_t* p = reinterpret_cast<char8_t*>(0x1234);
-  EXPECT_EQ(PrintPointer(p), Print(p));
-  p = nullptr;
-  EXPECT_EQ("NULL", Print(p));
-}
-
-// const char8_t*
-TEST(PrintCharPointerTest, ConstChar8) {
-  const char8_t* p = reinterpret_cast<const char8_t*>(0x1234);
-  EXPECT_EQ(PrintPointer(p), Print(p));
-  p = nullptr;
-  EXPECT_EQ("NULL", Print(p));
-}
-#endif
-
-// char16_t*
-TEST(PrintCharPointerTest, Char16) {
-  char16_t* p = reinterpret_cast<char16_t*>(0x1234);
-  EXPECT_EQ(PrintPointer(p), Print(p));
-  p = nullptr;
-  EXPECT_EQ("NULL", Print(p));
-}
-
-// const char16_t*
-TEST(PrintCharPointerTest, ConstChar16) {
-  const char16_t* p = reinterpret_cast<const char16_t*>(0x1234);
-  EXPECT_EQ(PrintPointer(p), Print(p));
-  p = nullptr;
-  EXPECT_EQ("NULL", Print(p));
-}
-
-// char32_t*
-TEST(PrintCharPointerTest, Char32) {
-  char32_t* p = reinterpret_cast<char32_t*>(0x1234);
-  EXPECT_EQ(PrintPointer(p), Print(p));
-  p = nullptr;
-  EXPECT_EQ("NULL", Print(p));
-}
-
-// const char32_t*
-TEST(PrintCharPointerTest, ConstChar32) {
-  const char32_t* p = reinterpret_cast<const char32_t*>(0x1234);
-  EXPECT_EQ(PrintPointer(p), Print(p));
-  p = nullptr;
-  EXPECT_EQ("NULL", Print(p));
-}
-
 // Tests printing pointers to simple, built-in types.
 
 // bool*.
@@ -726,64 +789,70 @@
   EXPECT_EQ("\"H\\0i\" (no terminating NUL)", PrintArrayHelper(a));
 }
 
-// const char array with terminating NUL.
-TEST(PrintArrayTest, ConstCharArrayWithTerminatingNul) {
+// char array with terminating NUL.
+TEST(PrintArrayTest, CharArrayWithTerminatingNul) {
   const char a[] = "\0Hi";
   EXPECT_EQ("\"\\0Hi\"", PrintArrayHelper(a));
 }
 
-// const wchar_t array without terminating NUL.
+#ifdef __cpp_char8_t
+// char_t array without terminating NUL.
+TEST(PrintArrayTest, Char8ArrayWithNoTerminatingNul) {
+  // Array a contains '\0' in the middle and doesn't end with '\0'.
+  const char8_t a[] = {u8'H', u8'\0', u8'i'};
+  EXPECT_EQ("u8\"H\\0i\" (no terminating NUL)", PrintArrayHelper(a));
+}
+
+// char8_t array with terminating NUL.
+TEST(PrintArrayTest, Char8ArrayWithTerminatingNul) {
+  const char8_t a[] = u8"\0世界";
+  EXPECT_EQ(
+      "u8\"\\0\\xE4\\xB8\\x96\\xE7\\x95\\x8C\"",
+      PrintArrayHelper(a));
+}
+#endif
+
+// const char16_t array without terminating NUL.
+TEST(PrintArrayTest, Char16ArrayWithNoTerminatingNul) {
+  // Array a contains '\0' in the middle and doesn't end with '\0'.
+  const char16_t a[] = {u'こ', u'\0', u'ん', u'に', u'ち', u'は'};
+  EXPECT_EQ("u\"\\x3053\\0\\x3093\\x306B\\x3061\\x306F\" (no terminating NUL)",
+            PrintArrayHelper(a));
+}
+
+// char16_t array with terminating NUL.
+TEST(PrintArrayTest, Char16ArrayWithTerminatingNul) {
+  const char16_t a[] = u"\0こんにちは";
+  EXPECT_EQ("u\"\\0\\x3053\\x3093\\x306B\\x3061\\x306F\"", PrintArrayHelper(a));
+}
+
+// char32_t array without terminating NUL.
+TEST(PrintArrayTest, Char32ArrayWithNoTerminatingNul) {
+  // Array a contains '\0' in the middle and doesn't end with '\0'.
+  const char32_t a[] = {U'👋', U'\0', U'🌌'};
+  EXPECT_EQ("U\"\\x1F44B\\0\\x1F30C\" (no terminating NUL)",
+            PrintArrayHelper(a));
+}
+
+// char32_t array with terminating NUL.
+TEST(PrintArrayTest, Char32ArrayWithTerminatingNul) {
+  const char32_t a[] = U"\0👋🌌";
+  EXPECT_EQ("U\"\\0\\x1F44B\\x1F30C\"", PrintArrayHelper(a));
+}
+
+// wchar_t array without terminating NUL.
 TEST(PrintArrayTest, WCharArrayWithNoTerminatingNul) {
   // Array a contains '\0' in the middle and doesn't end with '\0'.
-  const wchar_t a[] = { L'H', L'\0', L'i' };
+  const wchar_t a[] = {L'H', L'\0', L'i'};
   EXPECT_EQ("L\"H\\0i\" (no terminating NUL)", PrintArrayHelper(a));
 }
 
 // wchar_t array with terminating NUL.
-TEST(PrintArrayTest, WConstCharArrayWithTerminatingNul) {
+TEST(PrintArrayTest, WCharArrayWithTerminatingNul) {
   const wchar_t a[] = L"\0Hi";
   EXPECT_EQ("L\"\\0Hi\"", PrintArrayHelper(a));
 }
 
-#ifdef __cpp_char8_t
-// char8_t array.
-TEST(PrintArrayTest, Char8Array) {
-  const char8_t a[] = u8"Hello, world!";
-  EXPECT_EQ(
-      "{ U+0048, U+0065, U+006C, U+006C, U+006F, U+002C, U+0020, U+0077, "
-      "U+006F, U+0072, U+006C, U+0064, U+0021, U+0000 }",
-      PrintArrayHelper(a));
-}
-#endif
-
-// char16_t array.
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-// TODO(b/173029407): Figure out why this doesn't work under MSVC.
-TEST(PrintArrayTest, DISABLED_Char16Array) {
-#else
-TEST(PrintArrayTest, Char16Array) {
-#endif
-  const char16_t a[] = u"Hello, 世界";
-  EXPECT_EQ(
-      "{ U+0048, U+0065, U+006C, U+006C, U+006F, U+002C, U+0020, U+4E16, "
-      "U+754C, U+0000 }",
-      PrintArrayHelper(a));
-}
-
-// char32_t array.
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-// TODO(b/173029407): Figure out why this doesn't work under MSVC.
-TEST(PrintArrayTest, DISABLED_Char32Array) {
-#else
-TEST(PrintArrayTest, Char32Array) {
-#endif
-  const char32_t a[] = U"Hello, 世界";
-  EXPECT_EQ(
-      "{ U+0048, U+0065, U+006C, U+006C, U+006F, U+002C, U+0020, U+4E16, "
-      "U+754C, U+0000 }",
-      PrintArrayHelper(a));
-}
-
 // Array of objects.
 TEST(PrintArrayTest, ObjectArray) {
   std::string a[3] = {"Hi", "Hello", "Ni hao"};
@@ -845,41 +914,22 @@
 
 #ifdef __cpp_char8_t
 TEST(PrintStringTest, U8String) {
-  std::u8string str = u8"Hello, world!";
+  std::u8string str = u8"Hello, 世界";
   EXPECT_EQ(str, str);  // Verify EXPECT_EQ compiles with this type.
-  EXPECT_EQ(
-      "{ U+0048, U+0065, U+006C, U+006C, U+006F, U+002C, U+0020, U+0077, "
-      "U+006F, U+0072, U+006C, U+0064, U+0021 }",
-      Print(str));
+  EXPECT_EQ("u8\"Hello, \\xE4\\xB8\\x96\\xE7\\x95\\x8C\"", Print(str));
 }
 #endif
 
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-// TODO(b/173029407): Figure out why this doesn't work under MSVC.
-TEST(PrintStringTest, DISABLED_U16String) {
-#else
 TEST(PrintStringTest, U16String) {
-#endif
   std::u16string str = u"Hello, 世界";
   EXPECT_EQ(str, str);  // Verify EXPECT_EQ compiles with this type.
-  EXPECT_EQ(
-      "{ U+0048, U+0065, U+006C, U+006C, U+006F, U+002C, U+0020, U+4E16, "
-      "U+754C }",
-      Print(str));
+  EXPECT_EQ("u\"Hello, \\x4E16\\x754C\"", Print(str));
 }
 
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-// TODO(b/173029407): Figure out why this doesn't work under MSVC.
-TEST(PrintStringTest, DISABLED_U32String) {
-#else
 TEST(PrintStringTest, U32String) {
-#endif
-  std::u32string str = U"Hello, 世界";
-  EXPECT_EQ(str, str);  // Verify EXPECT_EQ compiles with this type.
-  EXPECT_EQ(
-      "{ U+0048, U+0065, U+006C, U+006C, U+006F, U+002C, U+0020, U+4E16, "
-      "U+754C }",
-      Print(str));
+  std::u32string str = U"Hello, 🗺️";
+  EXPECT_EQ(str, str);  // Verify EXPECT_EQ compiles with this type
+  EXPECT_EQ("U\"Hello, \\x1F5FA\\xFE0F\"", Print(str));
 }
 
 // Tests printing types that support generic streaming (i.e. streaming
@@ -1667,6 +1717,13 @@
   EXPECT_EQ("123", ss.str());
 }
 
+TEST(UniversalPrintTest, WorksForPairWithConst) {
+  std::pair<const Wrapper<std::string>, int> p(Wrapper<std::string>("abc"), 1);
+  ::std::stringstream ss;
+  UniversalPrint(p, &ss);
+  EXPECT_EQ("(Wrapper(\"abc\"), 1)", ss.str());
+}
+
 TEST(UniversalPrintTest, WorksForCString) {
   const char* s1 = "abc";
   ::std::stringstream ss1;
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest-typed-test2_test.cc b/googletest/test/gtest-typed-test2_test.cc
index 7000160..e83ca2e 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest-typed-test2_test.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest-typed-test2_test.cc
@@ -33,12 +33,8 @@
 #include "test/gtest-typed-test_test.h"
 #include "gtest/gtest.h"
 
-#if GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST_P
-
 // Tests that the same type-parameterized test case can be
 // instantiated in different translation units linked together.
 // (ContainerTest is also instantiated in gtest-typed-test_test.cc.)
 INSTANTIATE_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P(Vector, ContainerTest,
                                testing::Types<std::vector<int> >);
-
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST_P
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest-typed-test_test.cc b/googletest/test/gtest-typed-test_test.cc
index de1db0c..5fc678c 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest-typed-test_test.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest-typed-test_test.cc
@@ -88,9 +88,6 @@
 template <typename T>
 T* CommonTest<T>::shared_ = nullptr;
 
-// This #ifdef block tests typed tests.
-#if GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST
-
 using testing::Types;
 
 // Tests that SetUpTestSuite()/TearDownTestSuite(), fixture ctor/dtor,
@@ -204,11 +201,6 @@
   }
 }
 
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST
-
-// This #ifdef block tests type-parameterized tests.
-#if GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST_P
-
 using testing::Types;
 using testing::internal::TypedTestSuitePState;
 
@@ -443,20 +435,3 @@
 
 }  // namespace library2
 
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST_P
-
-#if !defined(GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST) && !defined(GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST_P)
-
-// Google Test may not support type-parameterized tests with some
-// compilers. If we use conditional compilation to compile out all
-// code referring to the gtest_main library, MSVC linker will not link
-// that library at all and consequently complain about missing entry
-// point defined in that library (fatal error LNK1561: entry point
-// must be defined). This dummy test keeps gtest_main linked in.
-TEST(DummyTest, TypedTestsAreNotSupportedOnThisPlatform) {}
-
-#if _MSC_VER
-GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_()  //  4127
-#endif                             //  _MSC_VER
-
-#endif  // #if !defined(GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST) && !defined(GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST_P)
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest-typed-test_test.h b/googletest/test/gtest-typed-test_test.h
index 23137b7..8ce559c 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest-typed-test_test.h
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest-typed-test_test.h
@@ -27,14 +27,11 @@
 // (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
 // OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 
-
-#ifndef GTEST_TEST_GTEST_TYPED_TEST_TEST_H_
-#define GTEST_TEST_GTEST_TYPED_TEST_TEST_H_
+#ifndef GOOGLETEST_TEST_GTEST_TYPED_TEST_TEST_H_
+#define GOOGLETEST_TEST_GTEST_TYPED_TEST_TEST_H_
 
 #include "gtest/gtest.h"
 
-#if GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST_P
-
 using testing::Test;
 
 // For testing that the same type-parameterized test case can be
@@ -60,6 +57,4 @@
 REGISTER_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P(ContainerTest,
                             CanBeDefaultConstructed, InitialSizeIsZero);
 
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST_P
-
-#endif  // GTEST_TEST_GTEST_TYPED_TEST_TEST_H_
+#endif  // GOOGLETEST_TEST_GTEST_TYPED_TEST_TEST_H_
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest-unittest-api_test.cc b/googletest/test/gtest-unittest-api_test.cc
index 25a8afb..8ef5058 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest-unittest-api_test.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest-unittest-api_test.cc
@@ -95,17 +95,12 @@
   }
 };
 
-#if GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST
 template <typename T> class TestSuiteWithCommentTest : public Test {};
 TYPED_TEST_SUITE(TestSuiteWithCommentTest, Types<int>);
 TYPED_TEST(TestSuiteWithCommentTest, Dummy) {}
 
 const int kTypedTestSuites = 1;
 const int kTypedTests = 1;
-#else
-const int kTypedTestSuites = 0;
-const int kTypedTests = 0;
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST
 
 // We can only test the accessors that do not change value while tests run.
 // Since tests can be run in any order, the values the accessors that track
@@ -123,9 +118,7 @@
 
   EXPECT_STREQ("ApiTest", test_suites[0]->name());
   EXPECT_STREQ("DISABLED_Test", test_suites[1]->name());
-#if GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST
   EXPECT_STREQ("TestSuiteWithCommentTest/0", test_suites[2]->name());
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST
 
   delete[] test_suites;
 
@@ -183,7 +176,6 @@
   delete[] tests;
   tests = nullptr;
 
-#if GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST
   test_suite = UnitTestHelper::FindTestSuite("TestSuiteWithCommentTest/0");
   ASSERT_TRUE(test_suite != nullptr);
 
@@ -203,7 +195,6 @@
   EXPECT_TRUE(tests[0]->should_run());
 
   delete[] tests;
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST
 }
 
 TEST(ApiTest, TestSuiteDisabledAccessorsWork) {
@@ -263,7 +254,6 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(0, test_suites[1]->successful_test_count());
     EXPECT_EQ(0, test_suites[1]->failed_test_count());
 
-#if GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST
     EXPECT_STREQ("TestSuiteWithCommentTest/0", test_suites[2]->name());
     EXPECT_STREQ(GetTypeName<Types<int>>().c_str(),
                  test_suites[2]->type_param());
@@ -274,7 +264,6 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(0, test_suites[2]->failed_test_count());
     EXPECT_TRUE(test_suites[2]->Passed());
     EXPECT_FALSE(test_suites[2]->Failed());
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST
 
     const TestSuite* test_suite = UnitTestHelper::FindTestSuite("ApiTest");
     const TestInfo** tests = UnitTestHelper::GetSortedTests(test_suite);
@@ -311,7 +300,6 @@
 
     delete[] tests;
 
-#if GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST
     test_suite = UnitTestHelper::FindTestSuite("TestSuiteWithCommentTest/0");
     tests = UnitTestHelper::GetSortedTests(test_suite);
 
@@ -324,7 +312,6 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(0, tests[0]->result()->test_property_count());
 
     delete[] tests;
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST
     delete[] test_suites;
   }
 };
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_list_output_unittest.py b/googletest/test/gtest_list_output_unittest.py
index b882126..a442fc1 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_list_output_unittest.py
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_list_output_unittest.py
@@ -56,20 +56,20 @@
     <testcase name="Test4" file=".*gtest_list_output_unittest_.cc" line="49" />
   </testsuite>
   <testsuite name="TypedTest/0" tests="2">
-    <testcase name="Test7" type_param="int" file=".*gtest_list_output_unittest_.cc" line="61" />
-    <testcase name="Test8" type_param="int" file=".*gtest_list_output_unittest_.cc" line="62" />
+    <testcase name="Test7" type_param="int" file=".*gtest_list_output_unittest_.cc" line="60" />
+    <testcase name="Test8" type_param="int" file=".*gtest_list_output_unittest_.cc" line="61" />
   </testsuite>
   <testsuite name="TypedTest/1" tests="2">
-    <testcase name="Test7" type_param="bool" file=".*gtest_list_output_unittest_.cc" line="61" />
-    <testcase name="Test8" type_param="bool" file=".*gtest_list_output_unittest_.cc" line="62" />
+    <testcase name="Test7" type_param="bool" file=".*gtest_list_output_unittest_.cc" line="60" />
+    <testcase name="Test8" type_param="bool" file=".*gtest_list_output_unittest_.cc" line="61" />
   </testsuite>
   <testsuite name="Single/TypeParameterizedTestSuite/0" tests="2">
-    <testcase name="Test9" type_param="int" file=".*gtest_list_output_unittest_.cc" line="69" />
-    <testcase name="Test10" type_param="int" file=".*gtest_list_output_unittest_.cc" line="70" />
+    <testcase name="Test9" type_param="int" file=".*gtest_list_output_unittest_.cc" line="66" />
+    <testcase name="Test10" type_param="int" file=".*gtest_list_output_unittest_.cc" line="67" />
   </testsuite>
   <testsuite name="Single/TypeParameterizedTestSuite/1" tests="2">
-    <testcase name="Test9" type_param="bool" file=".*gtest_list_output_unittest_.cc" line="69" />
-    <testcase name="Test10" type_param="bool" file=".*gtest_list_output_unittest_.cc" line="70" />
+    <testcase name="Test9" type_param="bool" file=".*gtest_list_output_unittest_.cc" line="66" />
+    <testcase name="Test10" type_param="bool" file=".*gtest_list_output_unittest_.cc" line="67" />
   </testsuite>
   <testsuite name="ValueParam/ValueParamTest" tests="4">
     <testcase name="Test5/0" value_param="33" file=".*gtest_list_output_unittest_.cc" line="52" />
@@ -124,13 +124,13 @@
           "name": "Test7",
           "type_param": "int",
           "file": ".*gtest_list_output_unittest_.cc",
-          "line": 61
+          "line": 60
         },
         {
           "name": "Test8",
           "type_param": "int",
           "file": ".*gtest_list_output_unittest_.cc",
-          "line": 62
+          "line": 61
         }
       \]
     },
@@ -142,13 +142,13 @@
           "name": "Test7",
           "type_param": "bool",
           "file": ".*gtest_list_output_unittest_.cc",
-          "line": 61
+          "line": 60
         },
         {
           "name": "Test8",
           "type_param": "bool",
           "file": ".*gtest_list_output_unittest_.cc",
-          "line": 62
+          "line": 61
         }
       \]
     },
@@ -160,13 +160,13 @@
           "name": "Test9",
           "type_param": "int",
           "file": ".*gtest_list_output_unittest_.cc",
-          "line": 69
+          "line": 66
         },
         {
           "name": "Test10",
           "type_param": "int",
           "file": ".*gtest_list_output_unittest_.cc",
-          "line": 70
+          "line": 67
         }
       \]
     },
@@ -178,13 +178,13 @@
           "name": "Test9",
           "type_param": "bool",
           "file": ".*gtest_list_output_unittest_.cc",
-          "line": 69
+          "line": 66
         },
         {
           "name": "Test10",
           "type_param": "bool",
           "file": ".*gtest_list_output_unittest_.cc",
-          "line": 70
+          "line": 67
         }
       \]
     },
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_list_output_unittest_.cc b/googletest/test/gtest_list_output_unittest_.cc
index 2eea3eb..92b9d4f 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_list_output_unittest_.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_list_output_unittest_.cc
@@ -53,16 +53,13 @@
 TEST_P(ValueParamTest, Test6) {}
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(ValueParam, ValueParamTest, ::testing::Values(33, 42));
 
-#if GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST
 template <typename T>
 class TypedTest : public ::testing::Test {};
 typedef testing::Types<int, bool> TypedTestTypes;
 TYPED_TEST_SUITE(TypedTest, TypedTestTypes);
 TYPED_TEST(TypedTest, Test7) {}
 TYPED_TEST(TypedTest, Test8) {}
-#endif
 
-#if GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST_P
 template <typename T>
 class TypeParameterizedTestSuite : public ::testing::Test {};
 TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P(TypeParameterizedTestSuite);
@@ -72,7 +69,6 @@
 typedef testing::Types<int, bool> TypeParameterizedTestSuiteTypes;  // NOLINT
 INSTANTIATE_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P(Single, TypeParameterizedTestSuite,
                                TypeParameterizedTestSuiteTypes);
-#endif
 
 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
   ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_unittest.cc b/googletest/test/gtest_unittest.cc
index ac0f179..1730e8b 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_unittest.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_unittest.cc
@@ -3187,8 +3187,6 @@
 
 // Tests that disabled typed tests aren't run.
 
-#if GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST
-
 template <typename T>
 class TypedTest : public Test {
 };
@@ -3210,12 +3208,8 @@
   FAIL() << "Unexpected failure: Disabled typed test should not run.";
 }
 
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST
-
 // Tests that disabled type-parameterized tests aren't run.
 
-#if GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST_P
-
 template <typename T>
 class TypedTestP : public Test {
 };
@@ -3246,8 +3240,6 @@
 
 INSTANTIATE_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P(My, DISABLED_TypedTestP, NumericTypes);
 
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST_P
-
 // Tests that assertion macros evaluate their arguments exactly once.
 
 class SingleEvaluationTest : public Test {
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_xml_output_unittest.py b/googletest/test/gtest_xml_output_unittest.py
index de8b8c7..eade7aa 100755
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_xml_output_unittest.py
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_xml_output_unittest.py
@@ -216,10 +216,20 @@
   </testsuite>
 </testsuites>"""
 
-EXPECTED_EMPTY_XML = """<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+EXPECTED_NO_TEST_XML = """<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <testsuites tests="0" failures="0" disabled="0" errors="0" time="*"
             timestamp="*" name="AllTests">
-</testsuites>"""
+  <testsuite name="NonTestSuiteFailure" tests="1" failures="1" disabled="0" skipped="0" errors="0" time="*" timestamp="*">
+    <testcase name="" status="run" result="completed" time="*" timestamp="*" classname="">
+      <failure message="gtest_no_test_unittest.cc:*&#x0A;Expected equality of these values:&#x0A;  1&#x0A;  2" type=""><![CDATA[gtest_no_test_unittest.cc:*
+Expected equality of these values:
+  1
+  2%(stack)s]]></failure>
+    </testcase>
+  </testsuite>
+</testsuites>""" % {
+    'stack': STACK_TRACE_TEMPLATE
+}
 
 GTEST_PROGRAM_PATH = gtest_test_utils.GetTestExecutablePath(GTEST_PROGRAM_NAME)
 
@@ -242,14 +252,14 @@
       """
       self._TestXmlOutput(GTEST_PROGRAM_NAME, EXPECTED_NON_EMPTY_XML, 1)
 
-  def testEmptyXmlOutput(self):
+  def testNoTestXmlOutput(self):
     """Verifies XML output for a Google Test binary without actual tests.
 
-    Runs a test program that generates an empty XML output, and
-    tests that the XML output is expected.
+    Runs a test program that generates an XML output for a binary without tests,
+    and tests that the XML output is expected.
     """
 
-    self._TestXmlOutput('gtest_no_test_unittest', EXPECTED_EMPTY_XML, 0)
+    self._TestXmlOutput('gtest_no_test_unittest', EXPECTED_NO_TEST_XML, 0)
 
   def testTimestampValue(self):
     """Checks whether the timestamp attribute in the XML output is valid.
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_xml_output_unittest_.cc b/googletest/test/gtest_xml_output_unittest_.cc
index 2b6634b..c0036aa 100644
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_xml_output_unittest_.cc
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_xml_output_unittest_.cc
@@ -163,16 +163,13 @@
 TEST_P(ValueParamTest, AnotherTestThatHasValueParamAttribute) {}
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(Single, ValueParamTest, Values(33, 42));
 
-#if GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST
 // Verifies that the type parameter name is output in the 'type_param'
 // XML attribute for typed tests.
 template <typename T> class TypedTest : public Test {};
 typedef testing::Types<int, long> TypedTestTypes;
 TYPED_TEST_SUITE(TypedTest, TypedTestTypes);
 TYPED_TEST(TypedTest, HasTypeParamAttribute) {}
-#endif
 
-#if GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST_P
 // Verifies that the type parameter name is output in the 'type_param'
 // XML attribute for type-parameterized tests.
 template <typename T>
@@ -183,7 +180,6 @@
 typedef testing::Types<int, long> TypeParameterizedTestSuiteTypes;  // NOLINT
 INSTANTIATE_TYPED_TEST_SUITE_P(Single, TypeParameterizedTestSuite,
                                TypeParameterizedTestSuiteTypes);
-#endif
 
 int main(int argc, char** argv) {
   InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
diff --git a/googletest/test/gtest_xml_test_utils.py b/googletest/test/gtest_xml_test_utils.py
index 5dd0eb9..ec42c62 100755
--- a/googletest/test/gtest_xml_test_utils.py
+++ b/googletest/test/gtest_xml_test_utils.py
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@
     self.assertEquals(expected_node.tagName, actual_node.tagName)
 
     expected_attributes = expected_node.attributes
-    actual_attributes   = actual_node  .attributes
+    actual_attributes = actual_node.attributes
     self.assertEquals(
         expected_attributes.length, actual_attributes.length,
         'attribute numbers differ in element %s:\nExpected: %r\nActual: %r' % (
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@
             actual_attributes.keys()))
     for i in range(expected_attributes.length):
       expected_attr = expected_attributes.item(i)
-      actual_attr   = actual_attributes.get(expected_attr.name)
+      actual_attr = actual_attributes.get(expected_attr.name)
       self.assert_(
           actual_attr is not None,
           'expected attribute %s not found in element %s' %
diff --git a/googletest/test/production.h b/googletest/test/production.h
index 542723b..41a5472 100644
--- a/googletest/test/production.h
+++ b/googletest/test/production.h
@@ -30,8 +30,8 @@
 //
 // This is part of the unit test for gtest_prod.h.
 
-#ifndef GTEST_TEST_PRODUCTION_H_
-#define GTEST_TEST_PRODUCTION_H_
+#ifndef GOOGLETEST_TEST_PRODUCTION_H_
+#define GOOGLETEST_TEST_PRODUCTION_H_
 
 #include "gtest/gtest_prod.h"
 
@@ -51,4 +51,4 @@
   int x_;
 };
 
-#endif  // GTEST_TEST_PRODUCTION_H_
+#endif  // GOOGLETEST_TEST_PRODUCTION_H_