# Matter nRF Connect All Clusters Example Application

The nRF All Clusters Example Application implements various ZCL clusters
populated on three endpoints. You can use this example as a reference for
creating your own application.

![Nordic Smiconductor logo](../../platform/nrfconnect/doc/images/Logo_RGB_H-small.png)
![nRF52840 DK](../../platform/nrfconnect/doc/images/nRF52840-DK-small.png)

The example is based on
[Matter](https://github.com/project-chip/connectedhomeip) and Nordic
Semiconductor's nRF Connect SDK, and was created to facilitate testing and
certification of a Matter device communicating over a low-power, 802.15.4 Thread
network.

The example behaves as a Matter accessory, that is a device that can be paired
into an existing Matter network and can be controlled by this network. The
device works as a Thread Minimal End Device.

<hr>

## Overview

This example is running on the nRF Connect platform, which is based on Nordic
Semiconductor's
[nRF Connect SDK](https://developer.nordicsemi.com/nRF_Connect_SDK/doc/latest/nrf/index.html)
and [Zephyr RTOS](https://zephyrproject.org/). Visit Matter's
[nRF Connect platform overview](../../../docs/guides/nrfconnect_platform_overview.md)
to read more about the platform structure and dependencies.

By default, the Matter accessory device has IPv6 networking disabled. You must
pair it with the Matter controller over Bluetooth® LE to get the configuration
from the controller to use the device within a Thread or Wi-Fi network. You have
to make the device discoverable manually (for security reasons). See
[Bluetooth LE advertising](#bluetooth-le-advertising) to learn how to do this.
The controller must get the commissioning information from the Matter accessory
device and provision the device into the network.

You can test this application remotely over the Thread or the Wi-Fi protocol,
which in either case requires more devices, including a Matter controller that
you can configure either on a PC or a mobile device.

### Bluetooth LE advertising

In this example, to commission the device onto a Matter network, it must be
discoverable over Bluetooth LE. For security reasons, you must start Bluetooth
LE advertising manually after powering up the device by pressing **Button 4**.

### Bluetooth LE rendezvous

In this example, the commissioning procedure is done over Bluetooth LE between a
Matter device and the Matter controller, where the controller has the
commissioner role.

To start the rendezvous, the controller must get the commissioning information
from the Matter device. The data payload is encoded within a QR code, printed to
the UART console.

#### Thread provisioning

Last part of the rendezvous procedure, the provisioning operation involves
sending the Thread network credentials from the Matter controller to the Matter
device. As a result, device is able to join the Thread network and communicate
with other Thread devices in the network.

<hr>

## Requirements

The application requires a specific revision of the nRF Connect SDK to work
correctly. See [Setting up the environment](#setting-up-the-environment) for
more information.

### Supported devices

The example supports building and running on the following devices:

| Hardware platform                                                                                 | Build target               | Platform image                                                                                                                                          |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| [nRF52840 DK](https://www.nordicsemi.com/Software-and-Tools/Development-Kits/nRF52840-DK)         | `nrf52840dk_nrf52840`      | <details><summary>nRF52840 DK</summary><img src="../../platform/nrfconnect/doc/images/nRF52840_DK_info-medium.jpg" alt="nRF52840 DK"/></details>        |
| [nRF5340 DK](https://www.nordicsemi.com/Software-and-Tools/Development-Kits/nRF5340-DK)           | `nrf5340dk_nrf5340_cpuapp` | <details><summary>nRF5340 DK</summary><img src="../../platform/nrfconnect/doc/images/nRF5340_DK_info-medium.jpg" alt="nRF5340 DK"/></details>           |
| [nRF52840 Dongle](https://www.nordicsemi.com/Software-and-Tools/Development-Kits/nRF52840-Dongle) | `nrf52840dongle_nrf52840`  | <details><summary>nRF52840 Dongle</summary><img src="../../platform/nrfconnect/doc/images/nRF52840_Dongle-medium.jpg" alt="nRF52840 Dongle"/></details> |

<hr>

## Device UI

This section lists the User Interface elements that you can use to control and
monitor the state of the device. These correspond to PCB components on the
platform image.

> **Note**:
>
> The following Device UI elements are missing on the nRF52840 Dongle: **Button
> 2**, **Button 3**, **Button 4**, **SEGGER J-Link USB port**, and **NFC port
> with antenna attached**. You can collect logs from the nRF52840 Dongle using
> the **nRF USB port** instead of the **SEGGER J-Link USB port**.
> Functionalities associated with the remaining missing elements are
> inaccessible.

**LED 1** shows the overall state of the device and its connectivity. The
following states are possible:

-   _Short Flash On (50 ms on/950 ms off)_ &mdash; The device is in the
    unprovisioned (unpaired) state and is waiting for a commissioning
    application to connect.

-   _Rapid Even Flashing (100 ms on/100 ms off)_ &mdash; The device is in the
    unprovisioned state and a commissioning application is connected through
    Bluetooth LE.

-   _Short Flash Off (950ms on/50ms off)_ &mdash; The device is fully
    provisioned, but does not yet have full connectivity for Thread or Wi-Fi
    network, or the related services.

-   _Solid On_ &mdash; The device is fully provisioned and has full Thread
    network and service connectivity.

**Button 1** can be used for the following purposes:

-   _Pressed for 6 s_ &mdash; Initiates the factory reset of the device.
    Releasing the button within the 6-second window cancels the factory reset
    procedure. **LEDs 1-4** blink in unison when the factory reset procedure is
    initiated.

**Button 4** &mdash; Pressing the button once starts Bluetooth LE advertising
for the predefined period of time (15 minutes by default).

**SEGGER J-Link USB port** can be used to get logs from the device or
communicate with it using the
[command line interface](../../../docs/guides/nrfconnect_examples_cli.md).

<hr>

## Setting up the environment

Before building the example, check out the Matter repository and sync submodules
using the following command:

        $ git submodule update --init

The example requires a specific revision of the nRF Connect SDK. You can either
install it along with the related tools directly on your system or use a Docker
image that has the tools pre-installed.

If you are a macOS user, you won't be able to use the Docker container to flash
the application onto a Nordic development kit due to
[certain limitations of Docker for macOS](https://docs.docker.com/docker-for-mac/faqs/#can-i-pass-through-a-usb-device-to-a-container).
Use the [native shell](#using-native-shell-for-setup) for building instead.

### Using Docker container for setup

To use the Docker container for setup, complete the following steps:

1.  If you do not have the nRF Connect SDK installed yet, create a directory for
    it by running the following command:

        $ mkdir ~/nrfconnect

2.  Download the latest version of the nRF Connect SDK Docker image by running
    the following command:

        $ docker pull nordicsemi/nrfconnect-chip

3.  Start Docker with the downloaded image by running the following command,
    customized to your needs as described below:

         $ docker run --rm -it -e RUNAS=$(id -u) -v ~/nrfconnect:/var/ncs -v ~/connectedhomeip:/var/chip \
             -v /dev/bus/usb:/dev/bus/usb --device-cgroup-rule "c 189:* rmw" nordicsemi/nrfconnect-chip

    In this command:

    -   _~/nrfconnect_ can be replaced with an absolute path to the nRF Connect
        SDK source directory.
    -   _~/connectedhomeip_ must be replaced with an absolute path to the CHIP
        source directory.
    -   _-v /dev/bus/usb:/dev/bus/usb --device-cgroup-rule "c 189:_ rmw"\*
        parameters can be omitted if you are not planning to flash the example
        onto hardware. These parameters give the container access to USB devices
        connected to your computer such as the nRF52840 DK.
    -   _--rm_ can be omitted if you do not want the container to be
        auto-removed when you exit the container shell session.
    -   _-e RUNAS=\$(id -u)_ is needed to start the container session as the
        current user instead of root.

4.  Update the nRF Connect SDK to the most recent supported revision, by running
    the following command:

         $ cd /var/chip
         $ python3 scripts/setup/nrfconnect/update_ncs.py --update

Now you can proceed with the [Building](#building) instruction.

### Using native shell for setup

To use the native shell for setup, complete the following steps:

1.  Download and install the following additional software:

    -   [nRF Command Line Tools](https://www.nordicsemi.com/Software-and-Tools/Development-Tools/nRF-Command-Line-Tools)
    -   [GN meta-build system](https://gn.googlesource.com/gn/)

2.  If you do not have the nRF Connect SDK installed, follow the
    [guide](https://developer.nordicsemi.com/nRF_Connect_SDK/doc/latest/nrf/gs_assistant.html#)
    in the nRF Connect SDK documentation to install the latest stable nRF
    Connect SDK version. Since command-line tools will be used for building the
    example, installing SEGGER Embedded Studio is not required.

    If you have the SDK already installed, continue to the next step and update
    the nRF Connect SDK after initializing environment variables.

3.  Initialize environment variables referred to by the CHIP and the nRF Connect
    SDK build scripts. Replace _nrfconnect-dir_ with the path to your nRF
    Connect SDK installation directory, and _toolchain-dir_ with the path to GNU
    Arm Embedded Toolchain.

         $ source nrfconnect-dir/zephyr/zephyr-env.sh
         $ export ZEPHYR_TOOLCHAIN_VARIANT=gnuarmemb
         $ export GNUARMEMB_TOOLCHAIN_PATH=toolchain-dir

4.  Update the nRF Connect SDK to the most recent supported revision by running
    the following command (replace _matter-dir_ with the path to Matter
    repository directory):

         $ cd matter-dir
         $ python3 scripts/setup/nrfconnect/update_ncs.py --update

Now you can proceed with the [Building](#building) instruction.

<hr>

## Building

Complete the following steps, regardless of the method used for setting up the
environment:

1.  Navigate to the example's directory:

        $ cd examples/all-clusters-minimal-app/nrfconnect

2.  Run the following command to build the example, with _build-target_ replaced
    with the build target name of the Nordic Semiconductor's kit you own, for
    example `nrf52840dk_nrf52840`:

         $ west build -b build-target

    You only need to specify the build target on the first build. See
    [Requirements](#requirements) for the build target names of compatible kits.

The output `zephyr.hex` file will be available in the `build/zephyr/` directory.

### Removing build artifacts

If you're planning to build the example for a different kit or make changes to
the configuration, remove all build artifacts before building. To do so, use the
following command:

    $ rm -r build

### Building with release configuration

To build the example with release configuration that disables the diagnostic
features like logs and command-line interface, run the following command:

    $ west build -b build-target -- -DCONF_FILE=prj_release.conf

Remember to replace _build-target_ with the build target name of the Nordic
Semiconductor's kit you own.

### Building with Device Firmware Upgrade support

Support for DFU using Matter OTA is disabled by default.

To build the example with configuration that supports DFU, run the following
command with _build-target_ replaced with the build target name of the Nordic
Semiconductor kit you are using (for example `nrf52840dk_nrf52840`):

    $ west build -b build-target -- -DCONF_FILE=prj_dfu.conf

> **Note**:
>
> There are two types of Device Firmware Upgrade modes: single-image DFU and
> multi-image DFU. Single-image mode supports upgrading only one firmware image,
> the application image, and should be used for single-core nRF52840 DK devices.
> Multi-image mode allows to upgrade more firmware images and is suitable for
> upgrading the application core and network core firmware in two-core nRF5340
> DK devices.
>
> Currently the multi-image mode is not available for the Matter OTA DFU.

#### Changing bootloader configuration

To change the default MCUboot configuration, edit the `prj.conf` file located in
the `child_image/mcuboot` directory.

#### Changing flash memory settings

In the default configuration, the MCUboot uses the
[Partition Manager](https://developer.nordicsemi.com/nRF_Connect_SDK/doc/latest/nrf/scripts/partition_manager/partition_manager.html#partition-manager)
to configure flash partitions used for the bootloader application image slot
purposes. You can change these settings by defining
[static partitions](https://developer.nordicsemi.com/nRF_Connect_SDK/doc/latest/nrf/scripts/partition_manager/partition_manager.html#ug-pm-static).
This example uses this option to define using an external flash.

To modify the flash settings of your board (that is, your _build-target_, for
example `nrf52840dk_nrf52840`), edit the `pm_static_dfu.yml` file located in the
`configuration/build-target/` directory.

<hr>

## Configuring the example

The Zephyr ecosystem is based on Kconfig files and the settings can be modified
using the menuconfig utility.

To open the menuconfig utility, run the following command from the example
directory:

    $ west build -b build-target -t menuconfig

Remember to replace _build-target_ with the build target name of the Nordic
Semiconductor's kit you own.

Changes done with menuconfig will be lost if the `build` directory is deleted.
To make them persistent, save the configuration options in the `prj.conf` file.

### Example build types

The example uses different configuration files depending on the supported
features. Configuration files are provided for different build types and they
are located in the application root directory.

The `prj.conf` file represents a debug build type. Other build types are covered
by dedicated files with the build type added as a suffix to the prj part, as per
the following list. For example, the release build type file name is
`prj_release.conf`. If a board has other configuration files, for example
associated with partition layout or child image configuration, these follow the
same pattern.

Before you start testing the application, you can select one of the build types
supported by the sample. This sample supports the following build types,
depending on the selected board:

-   debug -- Debug version of the application - can be used to enable additional
    features for verifying the application behavior, such as logs or
    command-line shell.
-   release -- Release version of the application - can be used to enable only
    the necessary application functionalities to optimize its performance. It
    has Device Firmware Upgrade feature enabled. It can be used only for the
    nRF52840 DK and nRF5340 DK, as only those platforms support the DFU.
-   dfu -- Debug version of the application with Device Firmware Upgrade feature
    support. It can be used only for the nRF52840 DK and nRF5340 DK, as only
    those platforms support the DFU.

For more information, see the
[Configuring nRF Connect SDK examples](../../../docs/guides/nrfconnect_examples_configuration.md)
page.

<hr>

## Flashing and debugging

The flashing and debugging procedure is different for the development kits and
the nRF52840 Dongle.

### Flashing on the development kits

To flash the application to the device, use the west tool and run the following
command from the example directory:

        $ west flash --erase

If you have multiple development kits connected, west will prompt you to pick
the correct one.

To debug the application on target, run the following command from the example
directory:

        $ west debug

### Flashing on the nRF52840 Dongle

Visit
[Programming and Debugging nRF52840 Dongle](https://docs.zephyrproject.org/latest/boards/arm/nrf52840dongle_nrf52840/doc/index.html#programming-and-debugging)
to read more about flashing on the nRF52840 Dongle.

<hr>

## Testing the example

Check the [CLI tutorial](../../../docs/guides/nrfconnect_examples_cli.md) to
learn how to use command-line interface of the application.

### Testing using Linux CHIPTool

Read the [CHIP Tool user guide](../../../docs/guides/chip_tool_guide.md) to see
how to use [CHIP Tool for Linux or mac OS](../../chip-tool/README.md) to
commission and control the application within a Matter-enabled Thread network.

### Testing using Android CHIPTool

Read the
[Android commissioning guide](../../../docs/guides/nrfconnect_android_commissioning.md)
to see how to use [CHIPTool](../../../examples/android/CHIPTool/README.md) for
Android smartphones to commission and control the application within a
Matter-enabled Thread network.