// Protocol Buffers - Google's data interchange format
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// https://developers.google.com/protocol-buffers/
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#ifndef GOOGLE_PROTOBUF_COMPILER_SCC_H__
#define GOOGLE_PROTOBUF_COMPILER_SCC_H__

#include <map>

#include "google/protobuf/stubs/logging.h"
#include "google/protobuf/stubs/common.h"
#include "google/protobuf/descriptor.h"

// Must be included last.
#include "google/protobuf/port_def.inc"

namespace google {
namespace protobuf {
namespace compiler {

// Description of each strongly connected component. Note that the order
// of both the descriptors in this SCC and the order of children is
// deterministic.
struct SCC {
  std::vector<const Descriptor*> descriptors;
  std::vector<const SCC*> children;

  const Descriptor* GetRepresentative() const { return descriptors[0]; }

  // All messages must necessarily be in the same file.
  const FileDescriptor* GetFile() const { return descriptors[0]->file(); }
};

// This class is used for analyzing the SCC for each message, to ensure linear
// instead of quadratic performance, if we do this per message we would get
// O(V*(V+E)).
template <class DepsGenerator>
class PROTOC_EXPORT SCCAnalyzer {
 public:
  explicit SCCAnalyzer() : index_(0) {}
  SCCAnalyzer(const SCCAnalyzer&) = delete;
  SCCAnalyzer& operator=(const SCCAnalyzer&) = delete;

  const SCC* GetSCC(const Descriptor* descriptor) {
    if (cache_.count(descriptor)) return cache_[descriptor].scc;
    return DFS(descriptor).scc;
  }

 private:
  struct NodeData {
    const SCC* scc;  // if null it means its still on the stack
    int index;
    int lowlink;
  };

  std::map<const Descriptor*, NodeData> cache_;
  std::vector<const Descriptor*> stack_;
  int index_;
  std::vector<std::unique_ptr<SCC>> garbage_bin_;

  SCC* CreateSCC() {
    garbage_bin_.emplace_back(new SCC());
    return garbage_bin_.back().get();
  }

  // Tarjan's Strongly Connected Components algo
  NodeData DFS(const Descriptor* descriptor) {
    // Must not have visited already.
    GOOGLE_DCHECK_EQ(cache_.count(descriptor), 0);

    // Mark visited by inserting in map.
    NodeData& result = cache_[descriptor];
    // Initialize data structures.
    result.index = result.lowlink = index_++;
    stack_.push_back(descriptor);

    // Recurse the fields / nodes in graph
    for (auto dep : DepsGenerator()(descriptor)) {
      GOOGLE_CHECK(dep);
      if (cache_.count(dep) == 0) {
        // unexplored node
        NodeData child_data = DFS(dep);
        result.lowlink = std::min(result.lowlink, child_data.lowlink);
      } else {
        NodeData child_data = cache_[dep];
        if (child_data.scc == nullptr) {
          // Still in the stack_ so we found a back edge
          result.lowlink = std::min(result.lowlink, child_data.index);
        }
      }
    }
    if (result.index == result.lowlink) {
      // This is the root of a strongly connected component
      SCC* scc = CreateSCC();
      while (true) {
        const Descriptor* scc_desc = stack_.back();
        scc->descriptors.push_back(scc_desc);
        // Remove from stack
        stack_.pop_back();
        cache_[scc_desc].scc = scc;

        if (scc_desc == descriptor) break;
      }

      // The order of descriptors is random and depends how this SCC was
      // discovered. In-order to ensure maximum stability we sort it by name.
      std::sort(scc->descriptors.begin(), scc->descriptors.end(),
                [](const Descriptor* a, const Descriptor* b) {
                  return a->full_name() < b->full_name();
                });
      AddChildren(scc);
    }
    return result;
  }

  // Add the SCC's that are children of this SCC to its children.
  void AddChildren(SCC* scc) {
    std::set<const SCC*> seen;
    for (auto descriptor : scc->descriptors) {
      for (auto child_msg : DepsGenerator()(descriptor)) {
        GOOGLE_CHECK(child_msg);
        const SCC* child = GetSCC(child_msg);
        if (child == scc) continue;
        if (seen.insert(child).second) {
          scc->children.push_back(child);
        }
      }
    }
  }
};

}  // namespace compiler
}  // namespace protobuf
}  // namespace google

#include "google/protobuf/port_undef.inc"

#endif  // GOOGLE_PROTOBUF_COMPILER_SCC_H__