posix: internal: make priority / policy transforms available

Two functions can be used with relative ease to convert between
Zephyr and POSIX priorities and policies. Namely,

uint32_t zephyr_to_posix_priority(int32_t z_prio, int *policy)
int32_t posix_to_zephyr_priority(uint32_t priority, int policy)

These are not necessarily public API, but they helped with the
POSIX Philosophers Sample, which is in a subsequent commit.

Signed-off-by: Christopher Friedt <cfriedt@meta.com>
diff --git a/lib/posix/posix_internal.h b/lib/posix/posix_internal.h
index 837349b..17d8c29 100644
--- a/lib/posix/posix_internal.h
+++ b/lib/posix/posix_internal.h
@@ -102,4 +102,7 @@
 /* get and possibly initialize a posix_mutex */
 struct k_mutex *to_posix_mutex(pthread_mutex_t *mu);
 
+int posix_to_zephyr_priority(int priority, int policy);
+int zephyr_to_posix_priority(int priority, int *policy);
+
 #endif