absl/random/seed_sequences.h

// Copyright 2017 The Abseil Authors.
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.
//
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// File: seed_sequences.h
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
//
// This header contains utilities for creating and working with seed sequences
// conforming to [rand.req.seedseq]. In general, direct construction of seed
// sequences is discouraged, but use-cases for construction of identical bit
// generators (using the same seed sequence) may be helpful (e.g. replaying a
// simulation whose state is derived from variates of a bit generator).

#ifndef ABSL_RANDOM_SEED_SEQUENCES_H_
#define ABSL_RANDOM_SEED_SEQUENCES_H_

#include <iterator>
#include <random>

#include "absl/base/config.h"
#include "absl/base/nullability.h"
#include "absl/random/internal/salted_seed_seq.h"
#include "absl/random/internal/seed_material.h"
#include "absl/random/seed_gen_exception.h"
#include "absl/strings/string_view.h"
#include "absl/types/span.h"

namespace absl {
ABSL_NAMESPACE_BEGIN

// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// absl::SeedSeq
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
//
// `absl::SeedSeq` constructs a seed sequence according to [rand.req.seedseq]
// for use within bit generators. `absl::SeedSeq`, unlike `std::seed_seq`
// additionally salts the generated seeds with extra implementation-defined
// entropy. For that reason, you can use `absl::SeedSeq` in combination with
// standard library bit generators (e.g. `std::mt19937`) to introduce
// non-determinism in your seeds.
//
// Example:
//
//   absl::SeedSeq my_seed_seq({a, b, c});
//   std::mt19937 my_bitgen(my_seed_seq);
//
using SeedSeq = random_internal::SaltedSeedSeq<std::seed_seq>;

// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// absl::CreateSeedSeqFrom(bitgen*)
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
//
// Constructs a seed sequence conforming to [rand.req.seedseq] using variates
// produced by a provided bit generator.
//
// You should generally avoid direct construction of seed sequences, but
// use-cases for reuse of a seed sequence to construct identical bit generators
// may be helpful (eg. replaying a simulation whose state is derived from bit
// generator values).
//
// If bitgen == nullptr, then behavior is undefined.
//
// Example:
//
//   absl::BitGen my_bitgen;
//   auto seed_seq = absl::CreateSeedSeqFrom(&my_bitgen);
//   absl::BitGen new_engine(seed_seq); // derived from my_bitgen, but not
//                                      // correlated.
//
template <typename URBG>
SeedSeq CreateSeedSeqFrom(URBG* urbg) {
  SeedSeq::result_type seed_material[random_internal::kEntropyBlocksNeeded];

  if (!random_internal::ReadSeedMaterialFromURBG(
          urbg, absl::MakeSpan(seed_material))) {
    random_internal::ThrowSeedGenException();
  }
  return SeedSeq(std::begin(seed_material), std::end(seed_material));
}

// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// absl::MakeSeedSeq()
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
//
// Constructs an `absl::SeedSeq` salting the generated values using
// implementation-defined entropy. The returned sequence can be used to create
// equivalent bit generators correlated using this sequence.
//
// Example:
//
//   auto my_seed_seq = absl::MakeSeedSeq();
//   std::mt19937 rng1(my_seed_seq);
//   std::mt19937 rng2(my_seed_seq);
//   EXPECT_EQ(rng1(), rng2());
//
SeedSeq MakeSeedSeq();

ABSL_NAMESPACE_END
}  // namespace absl

#endif  // ABSL_RANDOM_SEED_SEQUENCES_H_