chore: bump toolchain versions (#1878)

Bump toolchain versions to use the latest available releases.

* `3.8 -> 3.8.19`
* `3.9 -> 3.9.19`
* `3.10 -> 3.10.14`
* `3.11 -> 3.11.9`
* `3.12 -> 3.12.3`
* Use release `20240224` to pick up some security fixes

Fixes #1785

WORKSPACE

diff --git a/WORKSPACE b/WORKSPACE
index 86a80bd..90e9305 100644
--- a/WORKSPACE
+++ b/WORKSPACE
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@
 _py_gazelle_deps()
 
 # This interpreter is used for various rules_python dev-time tools
-load("@python//3.11.8:defs.bzl", "interpreter")
+load("@python//3.11.9:defs.bzl", "interpreter")
 
 #####################
 # Install twine for our own runfiles wheel publishing.