src/app/OperationalSessionSetup.h

/*
 *
 *    Copyright (c) 2020-2021 Project CHIP Authors
 *    All rights reserved.
 *
 *    Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 *    you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 *    You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *        http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 *    Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 *    distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 *    WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 *    See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 *    limitations under the License.
 */

/**
 *  @file
 *    This file contains definitions for Device class. The objects of this
 *    class will be used by Controller applications to interact with CHIP
 *    devices. The class provides mechanism to construct, send and receive
 *    messages to and from the corresponding CHIP devices.
 */

#pragma once

#include <app/AppConfig.h>
#include <app/CASEClient.h>
#include <app/CASEClientPool.h>
#include <app/DeviceProxy.h>
#include <app/util/basic-types.h>
#include <credentials/GroupDataProvider.h>
#include <lib/address_resolve/AddressResolve.h>
#include <lib/core/GroupedCallbackList.h>
#include <messaging/ExchangeContext.h>
#include <messaging/ExchangeDelegate.h>
#include <messaging/ExchangeMgr.h>
#include <messaging/Flags.h>
#include <messaging/ReliableMessageProtocolConfig.h>
#include <platform/CHIPDeviceConfig.h>
#include <protocols/secure_channel/CASESession.h>
#include <system/SystemClock.h>
#include <system/SystemLayer.h>
#include <transport/SessionManager.h>
#include <transport/TransportMgr.h>
#include <transport/raw/MessageHeader.h>
#include <transport/raw/UDP.h>

namespace chip {

class OperationalSessionSetup;

/**
 * @brief Delegate provided when creating OperationalSessionSetup.
 *
 * Once OperationalSessionSetup establishes a connection (or errors out) and has notified all
 * registered application callbacks via OnDeviceConnected/OnDeviceConnectionFailure, this delegate
 * is used to deallocate the OperationalSessionSetup.
 */
class OperationalSessionReleaseDelegate
{
public:
    virtual ~OperationalSessionReleaseDelegate()                        = default;
    virtual void ReleaseSession(OperationalSessionSetup * sessionSetup) = 0;
};

/**
 * @brief Minimal implementation of DeviceProxy that encapsulates a SessionHolder to track a CASE session.
 *
 * Deprecated - Avoid using this object.
 *
 * OperationalDeviceProxy is a minimal implementation of DeviceProxy. It is meant to provide a transition
 * for existing consumers of OperationalDeviceProxy that were delivered a reference to that object in
 * their respective OnDeviceConnected callback, but were incorrectly holding onto that object past
 * the function call. OperationalDeviceProxy can be held on for as long as is desired, while still
 * minimizing the code changes needed to transition to a more final solution by virtue of
 * implementing DeviceProxy.
 */
class OperationalDeviceProxy : public DeviceProxy
{
public:
    OperationalDeviceProxy(Messaging::ExchangeManager * exchangeMgr, const SessionHandle & sessionHandle) :
        mExchangeMgr(exchangeMgr), mSecureSession(sessionHandle), mPeerScopedNodeId(sessionHandle->GetPeer())
    {}
    OperationalDeviceProxy() {}

    void Disconnect() override
    {
        if (IsSecureConnected())
        {
            GetSecureSession().Value()->AsSecureSession()->MarkAsDefunct();
        }
        mSecureSession.Release();
        mExchangeMgr      = nullptr;
        mPeerScopedNodeId = ScopedNodeId();
    }
    Messaging::ExchangeManager * GetExchangeManager() const override { return mExchangeMgr; }
    chip::Optional<SessionHandle> GetSecureSession() const override { return mSecureSession.Get(); }
    NodeId GetDeviceId() const override { return mPeerScopedNodeId.GetNodeId(); }
    ScopedNodeId GetPeerScopedNodeId() const { return mPeerScopedNodeId; }

    bool ConnectionReady() const { return (mExchangeMgr != nullptr && IsSecureConnected()); }

private:
    bool IsSecureConnected() const override { return static_cast<bool>(mSecureSession); }

    Messaging::ExchangeManager * mExchangeMgr = nullptr;
    SessionHolder mSecureSession;
    ScopedNodeId mPeerScopedNodeId;
};

/**
 * @brief Callback prototype when secure session is established.
 *
 * Callback implementations are not supposed to store the exchangeMgr or the sessionHandle. Older
 * application code does incorrectly hold onto this information so do not follow those incorrect
 * implementations as an example.
 */
typedef void (*OnDeviceConnected)(void * context, Messaging::ExchangeManager & exchangeMgr, const SessionHandle & sessionHandle);

/**
 * Callback prototype when secure session establishment fails.
 */
typedef void (*OnDeviceConnectionFailure)(void * context, const ScopedNodeId & peerId, CHIP_ERROR error);

/**
 * Callback prototype when secure session establishement has failed and will be
 * retried.  retryTimeout indicates how much time will pass before we know
 * whether the retry has timed out waiting for a response to our Sigma1 message.
 */
typedef void (*OnDeviceConnectionRetry)(void * context, const ScopedNodeId & peerId, CHIP_ERROR error,
                                        System::Clock::Seconds16 retryTimeout);

/**
 * Object used to either establish a connection to peer or performing address lookup to a peer.
 *
 * OperationalSessionSetup is capable of either:
 *    1. Establishing a CASE session connection to a peer. Upon success or failure, the OnDeviceConnected or
 *       OnDeviceConnectionFailure callback will be called to notify the caller the results of trying to
 *       estblish a CASE session. Some additional details about the steps to establish a connection are:
 *          - Discover the device using DNSSD (find out what IP address to use and what
 *            communication parameters are appropriate for it)
 *          - Establish a secure channel to it via CASE
 *          - Expose to consumers the secure session for talking to the device via OnDeviceConnected
 *            callback.
 *    2. Performing an address lookup for given a scoped nodeid. On success, it will call into
 *       SessionManager to update the addresses for all matching sessions in the session table.
 *
 * OperationalSessionSetup has a very limited lifetime. Once it has completed its purpose outlined above,
 * it will use `releaseDelegate` to release itself.
 *
 * It is possible to determine which of the two purposes the OperationalSessionSetup is for by calling
 * IsForAddressUpdate().
 */
class DLL_EXPORT OperationalSessionSetup : public SessionEstablishmentDelegate, public AddressResolve::NodeListener
{
public:
    struct ConnectionFailureInfo
    {
        const ScopedNodeId peerId;
        CHIP_ERROR error;
        SessionEstablishmentStage sessionStage;

        // When the response was BUSY, error will be CHIP_ERROR_BUSY and
        // requestedBusyDelay will be set, if handling of BUSY responses is
        // enabled.
#if CHIP_CONFIG_ENABLE_BUSY_HANDLING_FOR_OPERATIONAL_SESSION_SETUP
        Optional<System::Clock::Milliseconds16> requestedBusyDelay;
#endif // CHIP_CONFIG_ENABLE_BUSY_HANDLING_FOR_OPERATIONAL_SESSION_SETUP

        ConnectionFailureInfo(const ScopedNodeId & peer, CHIP_ERROR err, SessionEstablishmentStage stage) :
            peerId(peer), error(err), sessionStage(stage)
        {}
    };

    using OnSetupFailure = void (*)(void * context, const ConnectionFailureInfo & failureInfo);

    ~OperationalSessionSetup() override;

    OperationalSessionSetup(const CASEClientInitParams & params, CASEClientPoolDelegate * clientPool, ScopedNodeId peerId,
                            OperationalSessionReleaseDelegate * releaseDelegate)
    {
        mInitParams = params;
        if (params.Validate() != CHIP_NO_ERROR || clientPool == nullptr || releaseDelegate == nullptr)
        {
            mState = State::Uninitialized;
            return;
        }

        mClientPool      = clientPool;
        mPeerId          = peerId;
        mReleaseDelegate = releaseDelegate;
        mState           = State::NeedsAddress;
        mAddressLookupHandle.SetListener(this);
    }

    /*
     * This function can be called to establish a secure session with the device.
     *
     * The device is expected to have been commissioned, A CASE session
     * setup will be triggered.
     *
     * If session setup succeeds, the callback function `onConnection` will be called.
     * If session setup fails, `onFailure` will be called.
     *
     * If the session already exists, `onConnection` will be called immediately,
     * before the Connect call returns.
     *
     * `onFailure` may be called before the Connect call returns, for error
     * cases that are detected synchronously (e.g. inability to start an address
     * lookup).
     *
     * `transportPayloadCapability` is set to kLargePayload when the session needs to be established
     * over a transport that allows large payloads to be transferred, e.g., TCP.
     */
    void Connect(Callback::Callback<OnDeviceConnected> * onConnection, Callback::Callback<OnDeviceConnectionFailure> * onFailure,
                 TransportPayloadCapability transportPayloadCapability = TransportPayloadCapability::kMRPPayload);

    /*
     * This function can be called to establish a secure session with the device.
     *
     * The device is expected to have been commissioned, A CASE session
     * setup will be triggered.
     *
     * If session setup succeeds, the callback function `onConnection` will be called.
     * If session setup fails, `onSetupFailure` will be called.
     *
     * If the session already exists, `onConnection` will be called immediately,
     * before the Connect call returns.
     *
     * `onSetupFailure` may be called before the Connect call returns, for error cases that are detected synchronously
     * (e.g. inability to start an address lookup).
     *
     * `transportPayloadCapability` is set to kLargePayload when the session needs to be established
     * over a transport that allows large payloads to be transferred, e.g., TCP.
     */
    void Connect(Callback::Callback<OnDeviceConnected> * onConnection, Callback::Callback<OnSetupFailure> * onSetupFailure,
                 TransportPayloadCapability transportPayloadCapability = TransportPayloadCapability::kMRPPayload);

    bool IsForAddressUpdate() const { return mPerformingAddressUpdate; }

    //////////// SessionEstablishmentDelegate Implementation ///////////////
    void OnSessionEstablished(const SessionHandle & session) override;
    void OnSessionEstablishmentError(CHIP_ERROR error, SessionEstablishmentStage stage) override;
    void OnResponderBusy(System::Clock::Milliseconds16 requestedDelay) override;

    ScopedNodeId GetPeerId() const { return mPeerId; }

    static Transport::PeerAddress ToPeerAddress(const Dnssd::ResolvedNodeData & nodeData)
    {
        Inet::InterfaceId interfaceId = Inet::InterfaceId::Null();

        // TODO - Revisit usage of InterfaceID only for addresses that are IPv6 LLA
        // Only use the DNS-SD resolution's InterfaceID for addresses that are IPv6 LLA.
        // For all other addresses, we should rely on the device's routing table to route messages sent.
        // Forcing messages down an InterfaceId might fail. For example, in bridged networks like Thread,
        // mDNS advertisements are not usually received on the same interface the peer is reachable on.
        if (nodeData.resolutionData.ipAddress[0].IsIPv6LinkLocal())
        {
            interfaceId = nodeData.resolutionData.interfaceId;
        }

        return Transport::PeerAddress::UDP(nodeData.resolutionData.ipAddress[0], nodeData.resolutionData.port, interfaceId);
    }

    /**
     * @brief Get the fabricIndex
     */
    FabricIndex GetFabricIndex() const { return mPeerId.GetFabricIndex(); }

    void PerformAddressUpdate();

    // AddressResolve::NodeListener - notifications when dnssd finds a node IP address
    void OnNodeAddressResolved(const PeerId & peerId, const AddressResolve::ResolveResult & result) override;
    void OnNodeAddressResolutionFailed(const PeerId & peerId, CHIP_ERROR reason) override;

#if CHIP_DEVICE_CONFIG_ENABLE_AUTOMATIC_CASE_RETRIES
    // Update our remaining attempt count to be at least the given value.
    void UpdateAttemptCount(uint8_t attemptCount);

    // Add a retry handler for this session setup.
    void AddRetryHandler(Callback::Callback<OnDeviceConnectionRetry> * onRetry);
#endif // CHIP_DEVICE_CONFIG_ENABLE_AUTOMATIC_CASE_RETRIES

private:
    enum class State : uint8_t
    {
        Uninitialized,    // Error state: OperationalSessionSetup is useless
        NeedsAddress,     // No address known, lookup not started yet.
        ResolvingAddress, // Address lookup in progress.
        HasAddress,       // Have an address, CASE handshake not started yet.
        Connecting,       // CASE handshake in progress.
        SecureConnected,  // CASE session established.
        WaitingForRetry,  // No address known, but a retry is pending.  Added at
                          // end to make logs easier to understand.
    };

    CASEClientInitParams mInitParams;
    CASEClientPoolDelegate * mClientPool = nullptr;

    // mCASEClient is only non-null if we are in State::Connecting or just
    // allocated it as part of an attempt to enter State::Connecting.
    CASEClient * mCASEClient = nullptr;

    ScopedNodeId mPeerId;

    Transport::PeerAddress mDeviceAddress = Transport::PeerAddress::UDP(Inet::IPAddress::Any);

    SessionHolder mSecureSession;

    typedef Callback::GroupedCallbackList<OnDeviceConnected, OnDeviceConnectionFailure, OnSetupFailure> SuccessFailureCallbackList;
    SuccessFailureCallbackList mCallbacks;

    OperationalSessionReleaseDelegate * mReleaseDelegate;

    /// This is used when a node address is required.
    chip::AddressResolve::NodeLookupHandle mAddressLookupHandle;

    State mState = State::Uninitialized;

    bool mPerformingAddressUpdate = false;

#if CHIP_DEVICE_CONFIG_ENABLE_AUTOMATIC_CASE_RETRIES || CHIP_CONFIG_ENABLE_BUSY_HANDLING_FOR_OPERATIONAL_SESSION_SETUP
    System::Clock::Milliseconds16 mRequestedBusyDelay = System::Clock::kZero;
#endif // CHIP_DEVICE_CONFIG_ENABLE_AUTOMATIC_CASE_RETRIES || CHIP_CONFIG_ENABLE_BUSY_HANDLING_FOR_OPERATIONAL_SESSION_SETUP

    TransportPayloadCapability mTransportPayloadCapability = TransportPayloadCapability::kMRPPayload;

#if CHIP_DEVICE_CONFIG_ENABLE_AUTOMATIC_CASE_RETRIES
    // When we TryNextResult on the resolver, it will synchronously call back
    // into our OnNodeAddressResolved when it succeeds.  We need to track
    // whether the OnNodeAddressResolved is coming from handling a session
    // establishment error or whether it's happening because we didn't even
    // manage to start a session establishment at all.  Use this member to keep
    // track of that.
    bool mTryingNextResultDueToSessionEstablishmentError = false;

    uint8_t mRemainingAttempts = 0;
    uint8_t mAttemptsDone      = 0;

    uint8_t mResolveAttemptsAllowed = 0;

    Callback::CallbackDeque mConnectionRetry;
#endif // CHIP_DEVICE_CONFIG_ENABLE_AUTOMATIC_CASE_RETRIES

    void MoveToState(State aTargetState);

    CHIP_ERROR EstablishConnection(const AddressResolve::ResolveResult & result);

    /*
     * This checks to see if an existing CASE session exists to the peer within the SessionManager
     * and if one exists, to load that into mSecureSession.
     *
     * Returns true if a valid session was found, false otherwise.
     *
     */
    bool AttachToExistingSecureSession();

    void CleanupCASEClient();

    void Connect(Callback::Callback<OnDeviceConnected> * onConnection, Callback::Callback<OnDeviceConnectionFailure> * onFailure,
                 Callback::Callback<OnSetupFailure> * onSetupFailure,
                 TransportPayloadCapability transportPayloadCapability = TransportPayloadCapability::kMRPPayload);

    void EnqueueConnectionCallbacks(Callback::Callback<OnDeviceConnected> * onConnection,
                                    Callback::Callback<OnDeviceConnectionFailure> * onFailure,
                                    Callback::Callback<OnSetupFailure> * onSetupFailure);

    enum class ReleaseBehavior
    {
        Release,
        DoNotRelease
    };

    /*
     * This dequeues all failure and success callbacks and appropriately invokes either set depending
     * on the value of error.
     *
     * If error == CHIP_NO_ERROR, only success callbacks are invoked. Otherwise, only failure callbacks are invoked.
     *
     * The state offers additional context regarding the failure, indicating the specific state in which
     * the error occurs. It is only relayed through failure callbacks when the error is not equal to CHIP_NO_ERROR.
     *
     * If releaseBehavior is Release, this uses mReleaseDelegate to release
     * ourselves (aka `this`). As a result any caller should return right away
     * without touching `this`.
     *
     * Setting releaseBehavior to DoNotRelease is meant for use from the destructor
     */
    void DequeueConnectionCallbacks(CHIP_ERROR error, SessionEstablishmentStage stage,
                                    ReleaseBehavior releaseBehavior = ReleaseBehavior::Release);

    void DequeueConnectionCallbacks(CHIP_ERROR error, ReleaseBehavior releaseBehavior = ReleaseBehavior::Release)
    {
        this->DequeueConnectionCallbacks(error, SessionEstablishmentStage::kNotInKeyExchange, releaseBehavior);
    }

    /**
     * Helper for DequeueConnectionCallbacks that handles the actual callback
     * notifications. This happens after the object has been released, if it's
     * being released.
     */
    static void NotifyConnectionCallbacks(SuccessFailureCallbackList & ready, CHIP_ERROR error, SessionEstablishmentStage stage,
                                          const ScopedNodeId & peerId, Messaging::ExchangeManager * exchangeMgr,
                                          const Optional<SessionHandle> & optionalSessionHandle,
                                          // requestedBusyDelay will be 0 if not
                                          // CHIP_CONFIG_ENABLE_BUSY_HANDLING_FOR_OPERATIONAL_SESSION_SETUP,
                                          // and only has a meaningful value
                                          // when the error is CHIP_ERROR_BUSY.
                                          System::Clock::Milliseconds16 requestedBusyDelay);

    /**
     * Triggers a DNSSD lookup to find a usable peer address.
     */
    CHIP_ERROR LookupPeerAddress();

    /**
     * This function will set new IP address, port and MRP retransmission intervals of the device.
     */
    void UpdateDeviceData(const AddressResolve::ResolveResult & result);

#if CHIP_DEVICE_CONFIG_ENABLE_AUTOMATIC_CASE_RETRIES
    /**
     * Schedule a setup reattempt, if possible.  The outparam indicates how long
     * it will be before the reattempt happens.
     */
    CHIP_ERROR ScheduleSessionSetupReattempt(System::Clock::Seconds16 & timerDelay);

    /**
     * Cancel a scheduled setup reattempt, if we can (i.e. if we still have
     * access to the SystemLayer).
     */
    void CancelSessionSetupReattempt();

    /**
     * Helper for our backoff retry timer.
     */
    static void TrySetupAgain(System::Layer * systemLayer, void * state);

    /**
     * Helper to notify our retry callbacks that a setup error occurred and we
     * will retry.
     */
    void NotifyRetryHandlers(CHIP_ERROR error, const ReliableMessageProtocolConfig & remoteMrpConfig,
                             System::Clock::Seconds16 retryDelay);

    /**
     * A version of NotifyRetryHandlers that passes in a retry timeout estimate
     * directly.
     */
    void NotifyRetryHandlers(CHIP_ERROR error, System::Clock::Seconds16 timeoutEstimate);
#endif // CHIP_DEVICE_CONFIG_ENABLE_AUTOMATIC_CASE_RETRIES
};

} // namespace chip