libc: set up memory partitions

* Newlib now defines a special z_newlib_partition containing
  all globals relevant to newlib. Most of these are in libc.a
  with a heap tracking variable in newlib's hooks.

* Both C libraries now expose a k_mem_partition containing the
  bounds of the malloc heap arena. Threads that want to use
  libc malloc() will need to add this to their memory domain.

* z_newlib_get_heap_bounds has been removed, in favor of the
  memory partition for the heap arena

* ztest now includes the C library partitions in its memory
  domain.

* The mem_alloc test now runs in user mode to prove that this
  all works for both C libraries.

Signed-off-by: Andrew Boie <andrew.p.boie@intel.com>
9 files changed