device: only allow PRE_KERNEL_1/2 and POST_KERNEL levels

Because devices share the same underlying infrastructure with SYS_INIT,
the same levels have always been available. However, not all of them are
needed, and some are not even usable. For example, `EARLY` can't be used
because when initialized `z_device_state_init` has not been called yet.
`SMP` has never been used by device drivers, and it is now in question,
likely to be moved to SMP specific hooks. Finally, `APPLICATION` does
not make much sense in the context of Kernel devices. Note that of the 3
levels just mentioned, only one was actively tested (`APPLICATION`) by
Kernel tests, meaning others were likely never considered in the context
of devices.

This patch leaves `PRE_KERNEL_1`, `PRE_KERNEL_2` and `POST_KERNEL`
available to devices. Others have been deprecated, and will generate a
compiler warning if used.

Signed-off-by: Gerard Marull-Paretas <gerard@teslabs.com>
2 files changed