[roll third_party/pigweed] pw_sync: use timeout & deadline over {until,for}_at_least

The signatures, comments, and docs are updated to reflect the most
recent terminology for describing blocking APIs with timeouts and
deadlines.

Original-Reviewed-on: https://pigweed-review.googlesource.com/c/pigweed/pigweed/+/60040

https://pigweed.googlesource.com/pigweed/pigweed
third_party/pigweed Rolled-Commits: 43851ceac02d52b..5ff8cc5b2bb5bcd
Roller-URL: https://ci.chromium.org/b/8836647115094472897
Cq-Cl-Tag: roller-builder:pigweed-experimental-roller
Cq-Cl-Tag: roller-bid:8836647115094472897
CQ-Do-Not-Cancel-Tryjobs: true
Change-Id: If1657395a07d8474034f759607eb662a3365a49b
Reviewed-on: https://pigweed-review.googlesource.com/c/pigweed/experimental/+/60121
Bot-Commit: Pigweed Integration Roller <pigweed-integration-roller@pigweed.google.com.iam.gserviceaccount.com>
Commit-Queue: Pigweed Integration Roller <pigweed-integration-roller@pigweed.google.com.iam.gserviceaccount.com>
diff --git a/third_party/pigweed b/third_party/pigweed
index 43851ce..5ff8cc5 160000
--- a/third_party/pigweed
+++ b/third_party/pigweed
@@ -1 +1 @@
-Subproject commit 43851ceac02d52b733bd2d6fdf3e86aad7801ac4
+Subproject commit 5ff8cc5b2bb5bcdfd986d2acbca349243d0d3f2d