| /* |
| * Copyright (c) 2013-2014 Wind River Systems, Inc. |
| * |
| * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 |
| */ |
| |
| /** |
| * @file |
| * @brief Kernel fatal error handler |
| */ |
| |
| #include <toolchain.h> |
| #include <linker/sections.h> |
| |
| #include <kernel.h> |
| #include <kernel_structs.h> |
| #include <drivers/interrupt_controller/sysapic.h> |
| #include <arch/x86/ia32/segmentation.h> |
| #include <ia32/exception.h> |
| #include <inttypes.h> |
| #include <exc_handle.h> |
| #include <logging/log.h> |
| LOG_MODULE_DECLARE(os); |
| |
| __weak void z_debug_fatal_hook(const z_arch_esf_t *esf) { ARG_UNUSED(esf); } |
| |
| #ifdef CONFIG_THREAD_STACK_INFO |
| /** |
| * @brief Check if a memory address range falls within the stack |
| * |
| * Given a memory address range, ensure that it falls within the bounds |
| * of the faulting context's stack. |
| * |
| * @param addr Starting address |
| * @param size Size of the region, or 0 if we just want to see if addr is |
| * in bounds |
| * @param cs Code segment of faulting context |
| * @return true if addr/size region is not within the thread stack |
| */ |
| static bool check_stack_bounds(u32_t addr, size_t size, u16_t cs) |
| { |
| u32_t start, end; |
| |
| if (z_arch_is_in_isr()) { |
| /* We were servicing an interrupt */ |
| start = (u32_t)Z_ARCH_THREAD_STACK_BUFFER(_interrupt_stack); |
| end = start + CONFIG_ISR_STACK_SIZE; |
| } else if ((cs & 0x3U) != 0U || |
| (_current->base.user_options & K_USER) == 0) { |
| /* Thread was in user mode, or is not a user mode thread. |
| * The normal stack buffer is what we will check. |
| */ |
| start = _current->stack_info.start; |
| end = STACK_ROUND_DOWN(_current->stack_info.start + |
| _current->stack_info.size); |
| } else { |
| /* User thread was doing a syscall, check kernel stack bounds */ |
| start = _current->stack_info.start - MMU_PAGE_SIZE; |
| end = _current->stack_info.start; |
| } |
| |
| return (addr <= start) || (addr + size > end); |
| } |
| #endif |
| |
| #if defined(CONFIG_EXCEPTION_STACK_TRACE) |
| struct stack_frame { |
| u32_t next; |
| u32_t ret_addr; |
| u32_t args; |
| }; |
| |
| #define MAX_STACK_FRAMES 8 |
| |
| static void unwind_stack(u32_t base_ptr, u16_t cs) |
| { |
| struct stack_frame *frame; |
| int i; |
| |
| if (base_ptr == 0U) { |
| LOG_ERR("NULL base ptr"); |
| return; |
| } |
| |
| for (i = 0; i < MAX_STACK_FRAMES; i++) { |
| if (base_ptr % sizeof(base_ptr) != 0U) { |
| LOG_ERR("unaligned frame ptr"); |
| return; |
| } |
| |
| frame = (struct stack_frame *)base_ptr; |
| if (frame == NULL) { |
| break; |
| } |
| |
| #ifdef CONFIG_THREAD_STACK_INFO |
| /* Ensure the stack frame is within the faulting context's |
| * stack buffer |
| */ |
| if (check_stack_bounds((u32_t)frame, sizeof(*frame), cs)) { |
| LOG_ERR(" corrupted? (bp=%p)", frame); |
| break; |
| } |
| #endif |
| |
| if (frame->ret_addr == 0U) { |
| break; |
| } |
| LOG_ERR(" 0x%08x (0x%x)", frame->ret_addr, frame->args); |
| base_ptr = frame->next; |
| } |
| } |
| #endif /* CONFIG_EXCEPTION_STACK_TRACE */ |
| |
| #ifdef CONFIG_BOARD_QEMU_X86 |
| FUNC_NORETURN void z_arch_system_halt(unsigned int reason) |
| { |
| ARG_UNUSED(reason); |
| |
| /* Causes QEMU to exit. We passed the following on the command line: |
| * -device isa-debug-exit,iobase=0xf4,iosize=0x04 |
| */ |
| sys_out32(0, 0xf4); |
| CODE_UNREACHABLE; |
| } |
| #endif |
| |
| FUNC_NORETURN void z_x86_fatal_error(unsigned int reason, const z_arch_esf_t *esf) |
| { |
| if (esf != NULL) { |
| LOG_ERR("eax: 0x%08x, ebx: 0x%08x, ecx: 0x%08x, edx: 0x%08x", |
| esf->eax, esf->ebx, esf->ecx, esf->edx); |
| LOG_ERR("esi: 0x%08x, edi: 0x%08x, ebp: 0x%08x, esp: 0x%08x", |
| esf->esi, esf->edi, esf->ebp, esf->esp); |
| LOG_ERR("eflags: 0x%08x cs: 0x%04x cr3: %p", esf->eflags, |
| esf->cs & 0xFFFFU, z_x86_page_tables_get()); |
| |
| #ifdef CONFIG_EXCEPTION_STACK_TRACE |
| LOG_ERR("call trace:"); |
| #endif |
| LOG_ERR("eip: 0x%08x", esf->eip); |
| #ifdef CONFIG_EXCEPTION_STACK_TRACE |
| unwind_stack(esf->ebp, esf->cs); |
| #endif |
| } |
| |
| z_fatal_error(reason, esf); |
| CODE_UNREACHABLE; |
| } |
| |
| void z_x86_spurious_irq(const z_arch_esf_t *esf) |
| { |
| int vector = z_irq_controller_isr_vector_get(); |
| |
| if (vector >= 0) { |
| LOG_ERR("IRQ vector: %d", vector); |
| } |
| |
| z_x86_fatal_error(K_ERR_SPURIOUS_IRQ, esf); |
| } |
| |
| void z_arch_syscall_oops(void *ssf_ptr) |
| { |
| struct _x86_syscall_stack_frame *ssf = |
| (struct _x86_syscall_stack_frame *)ssf_ptr; |
| z_arch_esf_t oops = { |
| .eip = ssf->eip, |
| .cs = ssf->cs, |
| .eflags = ssf->eflags |
| }; |
| |
| if (oops.cs == USER_CODE_SEG) { |
| oops.esp = ssf->esp; |
| } |
| |
| z_x86_fatal_error(K_ERR_KERNEL_OOPS, &oops); |
| } |
| |
| #ifdef CONFIG_X86_KERNEL_OOPS |
| void z_do_kernel_oops(const z_arch_esf_t *esf) |
| { |
| u32_t *stack_ptr = (u32_t *)esf->esp; |
| u32_t reason = *stack_ptr; |
| |
| #ifdef CONFIG_USERSPACE |
| /* User mode is only allowed to induce oopses and stack check |
| * failures via this software interrupt |
| */ |
| if (esf->cs == USER_CODE_SEG && !(reason == K_ERR_KERNEL_OOPS || |
| reason == K_ERR_STACK_CHK_FAIL)) { |
| reason = K_ERR_KERNEL_OOPS; |
| } |
| #endif |
| |
| z_x86_fatal_error(reason, esf); |
| } |
| |
| extern void (*_kernel_oops_handler)(void); |
| NANO_CPU_INT_REGISTER(_kernel_oops_handler, NANO_SOFT_IRQ, |
| CONFIG_X86_KERNEL_OOPS_VECTOR / 16, |
| CONFIG_X86_KERNEL_OOPS_VECTOR, 3); |
| #endif |
| |
| #if CONFIG_EXCEPTION_DEBUG |
| |
| FUNC_NORETURN static void generic_exc_handle(unsigned int vector, |
| const z_arch_esf_t *pEsf) |
| { |
| switch (vector) { |
| case IV_GENERAL_PROTECTION: |
| LOG_ERR("General Protection Fault"); |
| break; |
| case IV_DEVICE_NOT_AVAILABLE: |
| LOG_ERR("Floating point unit not enabled"); |
| break; |
| default: |
| LOG_ERR("CPU exception %d", vector); |
| break; |
| } |
| if ((BIT(vector) & _EXC_ERROR_CODE_FAULTS) != 0) { |
| LOG_ERR("Exception code: 0x%x", pEsf->errorCode); |
| } |
| z_x86_fatal_error(K_ERR_CPU_EXCEPTION, pEsf); |
| } |
| |
| #define _EXC_FUNC(vector) \ |
| FUNC_NORETURN void handle_exc_##vector(const z_arch_esf_t *pEsf) \ |
| { \ |
| generic_exc_handle(vector, pEsf); \ |
| } |
| |
| #define Z_EXC_FUNC_CODE(vector) \ |
| _EXC_FUNC(vector) \ |
| _EXCEPTION_CONNECT_CODE(handle_exc_##vector, vector) |
| |
| #define Z_EXC_FUNC_NOCODE(vector) \ |
| _EXC_FUNC(vector) \ |
| _EXCEPTION_CONNECT_NOCODE(handle_exc_##vector, vector) |
| |
| /* Necessary indirection to ensure 'vector' is expanded before we expand |
| * the handle_exc_##vector |
| */ |
| #define EXC_FUNC_NOCODE(vector) \ |
| Z_EXC_FUNC_NOCODE(vector) |
| |
| #define EXC_FUNC_CODE(vector) \ |
| Z_EXC_FUNC_CODE(vector) |
| |
| EXC_FUNC_NOCODE(IV_DIVIDE_ERROR); |
| EXC_FUNC_NOCODE(IV_NON_MASKABLE_INTERRUPT); |
| EXC_FUNC_NOCODE(IV_OVERFLOW); |
| EXC_FUNC_NOCODE(IV_BOUND_RANGE); |
| EXC_FUNC_NOCODE(IV_INVALID_OPCODE); |
| EXC_FUNC_NOCODE(IV_DEVICE_NOT_AVAILABLE); |
| #ifndef CONFIG_X86_ENABLE_TSS |
| EXC_FUNC_NOCODE(IV_DOUBLE_FAULT); |
| #endif |
| EXC_FUNC_CODE(IV_INVALID_TSS); |
| EXC_FUNC_CODE(IV_SEGMENT_NOT_PRESENT); |
| EXC_FUNC_CODE(IV_STACK_FAULT); |
| EXC_FUNC_CODE(IV_GENERAL_PROTECTION); |
| EXC_FUNC_NOCODE(IV_X87_FPU_FP_ERROR); |
| EXC_FUNC_CODE(IV_ALIGNMENT_CHECK); |
| EXC_FUNC_NOCODE(IV_MACHINE_CHECK); |
| |
| /* Page fault error code flags */ |
| #define PRESENT BIT(0) |
| #define WR BIT(1) |
| #define US BIT(2) |
| #define RSVD BIT(3) |
| #define ID BIT(4) |
| #define PK BIT(5) |
| #define SGX BIT(15) |
| |
| #ifdef CONFIG_X86_MMU |
| static void dump_entry_flags(const char *name, u64_t flags) |
| { |
| LOG_ERR("%s: 0x%x%x %s, %s, %s, %s", name, (u32_t)(flags>>32), |
| (u32_t)(flags), |
| flags & MMU_ENTRY_PRESENT ? |
| "Present" : "Non-present", |
| flags & MMU_ENTRY_WRITE ? |
| "Writable" : "Read-only", |
| flags & MMU_ENTRY_USER ? |
| "User" : "Supervisor", |
| flags & MMU_ENTRY_EXECUTE_DISABLE ? |
| "Execute Disable" : "Execute Enabled"); |
| } |
| |
| static void dump_mmu_flags(struct x86_page_tables *ptables, void *addr) |
| { |
| u64_t pde_flags, pte_flags; |
| |
| z_x86_mmu_get_flags(ptables, addr, &pde_flags, &pte_flags); |
| |
| dump_entry_flags("PDE", pde_flags); |
| dump_entry_flags("PTE", pte_flags); |
| } |
| #endif /* CONFIG_X86_MMU */ |
| |
| static void dump_page_fault(z_arch_esf_t *esf) |
| { |
| u32_t err, cr2; |
| |
| /* See Section 6.15 of the IA32 Software Developer's Manual vol 3 */ |
| __asm__ ("mov %%cr2, %0" : "=r" (cr2)); |
| |
| err = esf->errorCode; |
| LOG_ERR("***** CPU Page Fault (error code 0x%08x)", err); |
| |
| LOG_ERR("%s thread %s address 0x%08x", |
| (err & US) != 0U ? "User" : "Supervisor", |
| (err & ID) != 0U ? "executed" : ((err & WR) != 0U ? |
| "wrote" : |
| "read"), cr2); |
| |
| #ifdef CONFIG_X86_MMU |
| #ifdef CONFIG_X86_KPTI |
| if (err & US) { |
| dump_mmu_flags(&z_x86_user_ptables, (void *)cr2); |
| return; |
| } |
| #endif |
| dump_mmu_flags(&z_x86_kernel_ptables, (void *)cr2); |
| #endif |
| } |
| #endif /* CONFIG_EXCEPTION_DEBUG */ |
| |
| #ifdef CONFIG_USERSPACE |
| Z_EXC_DECLARE(z_x86_user_string_nlen); |
| |
| static const struct z_exc_handle exceptions[] = { |
| Z_EXC_HANDLE(z_x86_user_string_nlen) |
| }; |
| #endif |
| |
| void page_fault_handler(z_arch_esf_t *esf) |
| { |
| #ifdef CONFIG_USERSPACE |
| int i; |
| |
| for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(exceptions); i++) { |
| if ((void *)esf->eip >= exceptions[i].start && |
| (void *)esf->eip < exceptions[i].end) { |
| esf->eip = (unsigned int)(exceptions[i].fixup); |
| return; |
| } |
| } |
| #endif |
| #ifdef CONFIG_EXCEPTION_DEBUG |
| dump_page_fault(esf); |
| #endif |
| #ifdef CONFIG_THREAD_STACK_INFO |
| if (check_stack_bounds(esf->esp, 0, esf->cs)) { |
| z_x86_fatal_error(K_ERR_STACK_CHK_FAIL, esf); |
| } |
| #endif |
| z_x86_fatal_error(K_ERR_CPU_EXCEPTION, esf); |
| CODE_UNREACHABLE; |
| } |
| _EXCEPTION_CONNECT_CODE(page_fault_handler, IV_PAGE_FAULT); |
| |
| #ifdef CONFIG_X86_ENABLE_TSS |
| static __noinit volatile z_arch_esf_t _df_esf; |
| |
| /* Very tiny stack; just enough for the bogus error code pushed by the CPU |
| * and a frame pointer push by the compiler. All df_handler_top does is |
| * shuffle some data around with 'mov' statements and then 'iret'. |
| */ |
| static __noinit char _df_stack[8]; |
| |
| static FUNC_NORETURN __used void df_handler_top(void); |
| |
| #ifdef CONFIG_X86_KPTI |
| extern char z_trampoline_stack_end[]; |
| #endif |
| |
| Z_GENERIC_SECTION(.tss) |
| struct task_state_segment _main_tss = { |
| .ss0 = DATA_SEG, |
| #ifdef CONFIG_X86_KPTI |
| /* Stack to land on when we get a soft/hard IRQ in user mode. |
| * In a special kernel page that, unlike all other kernel pages, |
| * is marked present in the user page table. |
| */ |
| .esp0 = (u32_t)&z_trampoline_stack_end |
| #endif |
| }; |
| |
| /* Special TSS for handling double-faults with a known good stack */ |
| Z_GENERIC_SECTION(.tss) |
| struct task_state_segment _df_tss = { |
| .esp = (u32_t)(_df_stack + sizeof(_df_stack)), |
| .cs = CODE_SEG, |
| .ds = DATA_SEG, |
| .es = DATA_SEG, |
| .ss = DATA_SEG, |
| .eip = (u32_t)df_handler_top, |
| .cr3 = (u32_t)&z_x86_kernel_ptables |
| }; |
| |
| static __used void df_handler_bottom(void) |
| { |
| /* We're back in the main hardware task on the interrupt stack */ |
| int reason = K_ERR_CPU_EXCEPTION; |
| |
| /* Restore the top half so it is runnable again */ |
| _df_tss.esp = (u32_t)(_df_stack + sizeof(_df_stack)); |
| _df_tss.eip = (u32_t)df_handler_top; |
| |
| LOG_ERR("Double Fault"); |
| #ifdef CONFIG_THREAD_STACK_INFO |
| if (check_stack_bounds(_df_esf.esp, 0, _df_esf.cs)) { |
| reason = K_ERR_STACK_CHK_FAIL; |
| } |
| #endif |
| z_x86_fatal_error(reason, (z_arch_esf_t *)&_df_esf); |
| } |
| |
| static FUNC_NORETURN __used void df_handler_top(void) |
| { |
| /* State of the system when the double-fault forced a task switch |
| * will be in _main_tss. Set up a z_arch_esf_t and copy system state into |
| * it |
| */ |
| _df_esf.esp = _main_tss.esp; |
| _df_esf.ebp = _main_tss.ebp; |
| _df_esf.ebx = _main_tss.ebx; |
| _df_esf.esi = _main_tss.esi; |
| _df_esf.edi = _main_tss.edi; |
| _df_esf.edx = _main_tss.edx; |
| _df_esf.eax = _main_tss.eax; |
| _df_esf.ecx = _main_tss.ecx; |
| _df_esf.errorCode = 0; |
| _df_esf.eip = _main_tss.eip; |
| _df_esf.cs = _main_tss.cs; |
| _df_esf.eflags = _main_tss.eflags; |
| |
| /* Restore the main IA task to a runnable state */ |
| _main_tss.esp = (u32_t)(Z_ARCH_THREAD_STACK_BUFFER(_interrupt_stack) + |
| CONFIG_ISR_STACK_SIZE); |
| _main_tss.cs = CODE_SEG; |
| _main_tss.ds = DATA_SEG; |
| _main_tss.es = DATA_SEG; |
| _main_tss.ss = DATA_SEG; |
| _main_tss.eip = (u32_t)df_handler_bottom; |
| _main_tss.cr3 = (u32_t)&z_x86_kernel_ptables; |
| _main_tss.eflags = 0U; |
| |
| /* NT bit is set in EFLAGS so we will task switch back to _main_tss |
| * and run df_handler_bottom |
| */ |
| __asm__ volatile ("iret"); |
| CODE_UNREACHABLE; |
| } |
| |
| /* Configure a task gate descriptor in the IDT for the double fault |
| * exception |
| */ |
| _X86_IDT_TSS_REGISTER(DF_TSS, -1, -1, IV_DOUBLE_FAULT, 0); |
| |
| #endif /* CONFIG_X86_ENABLE_TSS */ |