doc/connectivity/bluetooth/bluetooth-dev.rst - third_party/github/zephyrproject-rtos/zephyr - Git at Google

 .. _bluetooth-dev:

 Developing Bluetooth Applications
 #################################

 Bluetooth applications are developed using the common infrastructure and
 approach that is described in the :ref:`application` section of the
 documentation.

 Additional information that is only relevant to Bluetooth applications can be
 found in this page.

 .. _bluetooth-hw-setup:

 Hardware setup
 **************

 This section describes the options you have when building and debugging Bluetooth
 applications with Zephyr. Depending on the hardware that is available to you,
 the requirements you have and the type of development you prefer you may pick
 one or another setup to match your needs.

 There are 4 possible hardware setups to use with Zephyr and Bluetooth:

 #. Embedded
 #. QEMU with an external Controller
 #. Native POSIX with an external Controller
 #. Simulated nRF52 with BabbleSim

 Embedded
 ========

 This setup relies on all software running directly on the embedded platform(s)
 that the application is targeting.
 All the :ref:`bluetooth-configs` and :ref:`bluetooth-build-types` are supported
 but you might need to build Zephyr more than once if you are using a dual-chip
 configuration or if you have multiple cores in your SoC each running a different
 build type (e.g., one running the Host, the other the Controller).

 To start developing using this setup follow the :ref:`Getting Started Guide
 <getting_started>`, choose one (or more if you are using a dual-chip solution)
 boards that support Bluetooth and then :ref:`run the application
 <application_run_board>`).

 .. _bluetooth-hci-tracing:

 Embedded HCI tracing
 --------------------

 When running both Host and Controller in actual Integrated Circuits, you will
 only see normal log messages on the console by default, without any way of
 accessing the HCI traffic between the Host and the Controller.  However, there
 is a special Bluetooth logging mode that converts the console to use a binary
 protocol that interleaves both normal log messages as well as the HCI traffic.
 Set the following Kconfig options to enable this protocol before building your
 application:

 .. code-block:: console

    CONFIG_BT_DEBUG_MONITOR_UART=y
    CONFIG_UART_CONSOLE=n

 Setting :kconfig:option:`CONFIG_BT_DEBUG_MONITOR_UART` to ``y`` replaces the
 :kconfig:option:`CONFIG_BT_DEBUG_LOG` option, and setting :kconfig:option:`CONFIG_UART_CONSOLE`
 to ``n`` disables the default ``printk``/``printf`` hooks.

 To decode the binary protocol that will now be sent to the console UART you need
 to use the btmon tool from :ref:`BlueZ <bluetooth_bluez>`:

 .. code-block:: console

    $ btmon --tty <console TTY> --tty-speed 115200

 Host on Linux with an external Controller
 =========================================

 .. note::
    This is currently only available on GNU/Linux

 This setup relies on a "dual-chip" :ref:`configuration <bluetooth-configs>`
 which is comprised of the following devices:

 #. A :ref:`Host-only <bluetooth-build-types>` application running in the
    :ref:`QEMU <application_run_qemu>` emulator or the ``native_posix`` native
    port of Zephyr
 #. A Controller, which can be one of two types:

    * A commercially available Controller
    * A :ref:`Controller-only <bluetooth-build-types>` build of Zephyr

 .. warning::
    Certain external Controllers are either unable to accept the Host to
    Controller flow control parameters that Zephyr sets by default (Qualcomm), or
    do not transmit any data from the Controller to the Host (Realtek). If you
    see a message similar to::

      <wrn> bt_hci_core: opcode 0x0c33 status 0x12

    when booting your sample of choice (make sure you have enabled
    :kconfig:option:`CONFIG_BT_DEBUG_LOG` in your :file:`prj.conf` before running the
    sample), or if there is no data flowing from the Controller to the Host, then
    you need to disable Host to Controller flow control. To do so, set
    ``CONFIG_BT_HCI_ACL_FLOW_CONTROL=n`` in your :file:`prj.conf`.

 QEMU
 ----

 You can run the Zephyr Host on the :ref:`QEMU emulator<application_run_qemu>`
 and have it interact with a physical external Bluetooth Controller.
 Refer to :ref:`bluetooth_qemu_posix` for full instructions on how to build and
 run an application in this setup.

 Native POSIX
 ------------

 .. note::
    This is currently only available on GNU/Linux

 The :ref:`Native POSIX <native_posix>` target builds your Zephyr application
 with the Zephyr kernel, and some minimal HW emulation as a native Linux
 executable.
 This executable is a normal Linux program, which can be debugged and
 instrumented like any other, and it communicates with a physical external
 Controller.

 Refer to :ref:`bluetooth_qemu_posix` for full instructions on how to build and
 run an application in this setup.

 Simulated nRF52 with BabbleSim
 ==============================

 .. note::
    This is currently only available on GNU/Linux

 The :ref:`nrf52_bsim board <nrf52_bsim>`, is a simulated target board
 which emulates the necessary peripherals of a nrf52 SOC to be able to develop
 and test BLE applications.
 This board, uses:

    * `BabbleSim`_ to simulate the nrf52 modem and the radio environment.
    * The POSIX arch to emulate the processor.
    * `Models of the nrf52 HW <https://github.com/BabbleSim/ext_NRF52_hw_models/>`_

 Just like with the ``native_posix`` target, the build result is a normal Linux
 executable.
 You can find more information on how to run simulations with one or several
 devices in
 :ref:`this board's documentation <nrf52bsim_build_and_run>`

 Currently, only :ref:`Combined builds
 <bluetooth-build-types>` are possible, as this board does not yet have
 any models of a UART, or USB which could be used for an HCI interface towards
 another real or simulated device.


 Initialization
 **************

 The Bluetooth subsystem is initialized using the :c:func:`bt_enable`
 function. The caller should ensure that function succeeds by checking
 the return code for errors. If a function pointer is passed to
 :c:func:`bt_enable`, the initialization happens asynchronously, and the
 completion is notified through the given function.

 Bluetooth Application Example
 *****************************

 A simple Bluetooth beacon application is shown below. The application
 initializes the Bluetooth Subsystem and enables non-connectable
 advertising, effectively acting as a Bluetooth Low Energy broadcaster.

 .. literalinclude:: ../../../samples/bluetooth/beacon/src/main.c
    :language: c
    :lines: 19-
    :linenos:

 The key APIs employed by the beacon sample are :c:func:`bt_enable`
 that's used to initialize Bluetooth and then :c:func:`bt_le_adv_start`
 that's used to start advertising a specific combination of advertising
 and scan response data.

 .. _BabbleSim: https://babblesim.github.io/
	.. _bluetooth-dev:

	Developing Bluetooth Applications
	#################################

	Bluetooth applications are developed using the common infrastructure and
	approach that is described in the :ref:`application` section of the
	documentation.

	Additional information that is only relevant to Bluetooth applications can be
	found in this page.

	.. _bluetooth-hw-setup:

	Hardware setup
	**************

	This section describes the options you have when building and debugging Bluetooth
	applications with Zephyr. Depending on the hardware that is available to you,
	the requirements you have and the type of development you prefer you may pick
	one or another setup to match your needs.

	There are 4 possible hardware setups to use with Zephyr and Bluetooth:

	#. Embedded
	#. QEMU with an external Controller
	#. Native POSIX with an external Controller
	#. Simulated nRF52 with BabbleSim

	Embedded
	========

	This setup relies on all software running directly on the embedded platform(s)
	that the application is targeting.
	All the :ref:`bluetooth-configs` and :ref:`bluetooth-build-types` are supported
	but you might need to build Zephyr more than once if you are using a dual-chip
	configuration or if you have multiple cores in your SoC each running a different
	build type (e.g., one running the Host, the other the Controller).

	To start developing using this setup follow the :ref:`Getting Started Guide
	<getting_started>`, choose one (or more if you are using a dual-chip solution)
	boards that support Bluetooth and then :ref:`run the application
	<application_run_board>`).

	.. _bluetooth-hci-tracing:

	Embedded HCI tracing
	--------------------

	When running both Host and Controller in actual Integrated Circuits, you will
	only see normal log messages on the console by default, without any way of
	accessing the HCI traffic between the Host and the Controller. However, there
	is a special Bluetooth logging mode that converts the console to use a binary
	protocol that interleaves both normal log messages as well as the HCI traffic.
	Set the following Kconfig options to enable this protocol before building your
	application:

	.. code-block:: console

	CONFIG_BT_DEBUG_MONITOR_UART=y
	CONFIG_UART_CONSOLE=n

	Setting :kconfig:option:`CONFIG_BT_DEBUG_MONITOR_UART` to ``y`` replaces the
	:kconfig:option:`CONFIG_BT_DEBUG_LOG` option, and setting :kconfig:option:`CONFIG_UART_CONSOLE`
	to ``n`` disables the default ``printk``/``printf`` hooks.

	To decode the binary protocol that will now be sent to the console UART you need
	to use the btmon tool from :ref:`BlueZ <bluetooth_bluez>`:

	.. code-block:: console

	$ btmon --tty <console TTY> --tty-speed 115200

	Host on Linux with an external Controller
	=========================================

	.. note::
	This is currently only available on GNU/Linux

	This setup relies on a "dual-chip" :ref:`configuration <bluetooth-configs>`
	which is comprised of the following devices:

	#. A :ref:`Host-only <bluetooth-build-types>` application running in the
	:ref:`QEMU <application_run_qemu>` emulator or the ``native_posix`` native
	port of Zephyr
	#. A Controller, which can be one of two types:

	* A commercially available Controller
	* A :ref:`Controller-only <bluetooth-build-types>` build of Zephyr

	.. warning::
	Certain external Controllers are either unable to accept the Host to
	Controller flow control parameters that Zephyr sets by default (Qualcomm), or
	do not transmit any data from the Controller to the Host (Realtek). If you
	see a message similar to::

	<wrn> bt_hci_core: opcode 0x0c33 status 0x12

	when booting your sample of choice (make sure you have enabled
	:kconfig:option:`CONFIG_BT_DEBUG_LOG` in your :file:`prj.conf` before running the
	sample), or if there is no data flowing from the Controller to the Host, then
	you need to disable Host to Controller flow control. To do so, set
	``CONFIG_BT_HCI_ACL_FLOW_CONTROL=n`` in your :file:`prj.conf`.

	QEMU
	----

	You can run the Zephyr Host on the :ref:`QEMU emulator<application_run_qemu>`
	and have it interact with a physical external Bluetooth Controller.
	Refer to :ref:`bluetooth_qemu_posix` for full instructions on how to build and
	run an application in this setup.

	Native POSIX
	------------

	.. note::
	This is currently only available on GNU/Linux

	The :ref:`Native POSIX <native_posix>` target builds your Zephyr application
	with the Zephyr kernel, and some minimal HW emulation as a native Linux
	executable.
	This executable is a normal Linux program, which can be debugged and
	instrumented like any other, and it communicates with a physical external
	Controller.

	Refer to :ref:`bluetooth_qemu_posix` for full instructions on how to build and
	run an application in this setup.

	Simulated nRF52 with BabbleSim
	==============================

	.. note::
	This is currently only available on GNU/Linux

	The :ref:`nrf52_bsim board <nrf52_bsim>`, is a simulated target board
	which emulates the necessary peripherals of a nrf52 SOC to be able to develop
	and test BLE applications.
	This board, uses:

	* `BabbleSim`_ to simulate the nrf52 modem and the radio environment.
	* The POSIX arch to emulate the processor.
	* `Models of the nrf52 HW <https://github.com/BabbleSim/ext_NRF52_hw_models/>`_

	Just like with the ``native_posix`` target, the build result is a normal Linux
	executable.
	You can find more information on how to run simulations with one or several
	devices in
	:ref:`this board's documentation <nrf52bsim_build_and_run>`

	Currently, only :ref:`Combined builds
	<bluetooth-build-types>` are possible, as this board does not yet have
	any models of a UART, or USB which could be used for an HCI interface towards
	another real or simulated device.


	Initialization
	**************

	The Bluetooth subsystem is initialized using the :c:func:`bt_enable`
	function. The caller should ensure that function succeeds by checking
	the return code for errors. If a function pointer is passed to
	:c:func:`bt_enable`, the initialization happens asynchronously, and the
	completion is notified through the given function.

	Bluetooth Application Example
	*****************************

	A simple Bluetooth beacon application is shown below. The application
	initializes the Bluetooth Subsystem and enables non-connectable
	advertising, effectively acting as a Bluetooth Low Energy broadcaster.

	.. literalinclude:: ../../../samples/bluetooth/beacon/src/main.c
	:language: c
	:lines: 19-
	:linenos:

	The key APIs employed by the beacon sample are :c:func:`bt_enable`
	that's used to initialize Bluetooth and then :c:func:`bt_le_adv_start`
	that's used to start advertising a specific combination of advertising
	and scan response data.

	.. _BabbleSim: https://babblesim.github.io/